0601013 study stress at managerial level

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A PROJECT REPORT

ON

“STUDY STRESS AT MANAGERIAL LEVEL”

FOR MICO BOSCH

SUBMITTED BY:

BHANUMATI SHINDE

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

PROF. SMITA SOVANI

SUBMITTED TO UNIVERSITY OF PUNE

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF TWO YEAR FULL TIME COURSE

MASTER IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (M.B.A.)

THROUGH

VISHWAKARMA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

PUNE-48

(BATCH 2006-2008)

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AKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satisfaction of completion of any successful task is incomplete without mentioning

the name of the people who made it possible and whose constant guidance and

encouragement crowded our efforts with success.

I have a pleasure in submitting the project report and we take this opportunity to

express our sincere gratitude to all those who have helped us in this completion of

project report. The MBA curriculum gives us unique opportunity in association with

one of the largest multinational company in country.

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I express our healthy gratitude to Director Dr. Sharad Joshi, project guide Prof. Smita

Sovani, Company guide Mr. B. G. Mujumdar, MICO Vocational center (MVC), who

gave me vital inputs and necessary information regarding the project and the

organization.

I would also like to thank all the Deputy Managers and Assistant Managers who fill up

the questionnaire, which is important for our project to find out the actual stress in an

organization.

Bhanumati Shinde

Place

Date

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INDEX

Sr. No. Particulars Page no.

1. Executive summary 1

2. Objective scope for the study 3

3. Company profile 6

4. Theory about Stress 20

5. Research methodology 31

6. Data analysis 32

7. Findings 47

8. Recommendation & Suggestions 48

9. Conclusion 52

10. Limitation 53

Bibliography 54

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Theoretical knowledge gained by a student through classroom is incomplete, if

the subject is not having practical exposure of real corporate world & the challenges &

problem that one has to face at the actual work place. In that context the study has been

taken to be aware of the real of the real business world.

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The summer training program is designed to give the manager of the future, a feel

of the corporate happening and work culture. These real life situations are entirely

different from the simulation exercise enacted in an artificial environment in side of

classroom & it is precisely because of this reason that this summer training is a bridge

between the institute & organization. Summer training program made us to undertake

how theoretical knowledge applied in practical field.

It exactly in this context that I was privileged enough to join Motor Industries Co.

Ltd. From 14th of June 2007, as a summer trainee. My topic in the summer project was

“Study the stress level of Supervisory staff” at Nashik.

In today’s scenario, employees are playing an important role in an organization.

The working environment expected to be stress free, which will maximize the efficiency

of the employees. Stress directly affect on the efficiency of the employee.

This experience that I have gathered over eight week has certainly provided with

an orientation, which I believe, will help me take on any assignment successfully in

future.

All the information was collected by distributing questionnaire to the assistant &

deputy manager i.e. group 3 and group 4 level managers, information was collected by

discussing with different managers in HR department of MICO, also the information is

collected from the company website.

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I found out that stress level varies from department to department. The factor

causing stress to the employees are working environment, polices, role conflict,

overloading of work, communication gap etc.

The stress level of the employees affect directly or indirectly on the society,

company, body, decision making capacity of the employees, emotions, family.

To minimize the stress or to avoid the stress of the employees should prioritize

and schedule work, learn to relax, diet regulation, learn to relax, exercise regularly.

The project was ended up with knowing the stress level of the employees, causes

of the stress & providing information to the employees that how to overcome the stress.

There was lots of learning which mention in the project.

2.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC

Today's successful professionals and managers know that self-awareness is

crucial point from which to improve individual & organizational effectiveness. The

summer training, which forms a part of the course curriculum, helps students identify

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their capabilities & they can decide upon their future course of action. This is the first

step towards the development of future managers.

This summer training helps students to identify the capabilities and thereby make

needed adjustments. Although there is difference in each student’s levels of proficiency,

the real focus is on suggesting ways for student to further sharpen their strengths,

competencies and all related abilities for becoming effective professionals, managers and

leaders.

The primary educational object behind the project is to make the student familiar

with working environment and to help understand the students, the ways in which

theoretical aspects are applied into practice.

The individual objective of the project is to work effectively, efficiently using

his/her creativity as well as knowledge for self development.

The organizational perspective is to generate new ideas through fresh talents and

utilizing their knowledge for implementing future strategies.

2.2. Selection of the topic for study

In the recent years, enormous development has been taken place in the field of

human resource management. Managing the organization is no longer the same what is

used in few years back. Drastic changes have been taken place in the field of HRM.

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I, the students of MBA-II, have studied Organizational Behavior in our first

semester of the course curriculum. And hence we selected the topic “Stress Management”

for studying the stress levels of MICO Nashik plant (NaP) employees working at

managerial level which in MICO is referred as level 3, 4.

“Stress Management” is one of the most important concepts in HRM.

Management always requires efficient, prudent, self-motivated and vibrant people to

transform organizational goals into action.

For assessing the knowledge, skills and attitude a systematic approach is very

essential. Stress management forms can be designed as an effective tool to develop HR

concepts. This form can help us in:

� Identify the stress areas.

� Identify the stress levels.

� Identify the causes of stress.

� Identify the stressors

� Ways for dealing with stress.

2.3 Scope of the study:

For the project on ‘to study the stress level at assistant level manager’, the

questionnaire was distributed in the group 3 (Deputy Managers) & group 4 (Assistant

managers) in the MICO Bosch Nashik

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2.4. Objectives of the study:

♦ To identify the stress areas.

♦ To identify the levels of stress.

♦ To identify causes of stress.

♦ To identify the stressors that is affecting the performance of the employees.

♦ To identify the ways for dealing with stress.

♦ Preventive measures to avoid stress.

♦ To get the feedback from participants; analyze the given data and

♦ Provide useful suggestions and ways to deal with the stress.

3.1 Profile

Name of the organization : MICO Ltd (Motor industries company ltd),

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PO. Box no. 64.

75, MIDC Estate Satpur,

Trimbak Road, Nashik, 422007)

Tel.No :0253-350342

Fax .no :0253-350945

Name of the group : Bosch Group

Area of marketing : Marketing of products in India as well as international.

Type of Plan : Limited Sector

Size of scale : Large scale

Head office : Bangalore

Address : Po.Box-3000

Hosur Road

Bangalore, 56030

Factories : Nashik, Nagananthapuram

Sales houses : Calcutta, Chennai, Mumbai, New Delhi

Regional Office : Agra, Jamshedpur, Pune, Rajkot, Chennai

Training officer : Mr. B. G.Mujumdar

3.2 About the Company

BOSCH:

In 1886, Robert Bosch opened his small workshop for ‘Precision Machines and Electrical

Engineering’ in Stuttgart. From this modest beginning, the company has expanded to

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become Germany’s one of the major industrial enterprises. The Bosch Group is active

under the product areas as Automotive Equipment, Power tools, Thermos Technology,

Automation Technology & Packaging Technology.

MICO BOSCH:

MICO BOSCH was founded in 1951 and is a member of Bosch Group. MICO BOSCH

started with the manufacturing of automotive spark plugs & diesel fuel injection

equipment in India.

It has overall 11,000 employees which made MICO BOSCH the largest manufacturer of

diesel fuel injection equipment in India & in the world also.

MICO BOSCH manufactures industrial, auto-electrical and hydrochloric equipment for

industrial purpose & tractor applications, electronic power tools, packaging machines &

Blaupunkt car audio systems.

MICO Bosch has 4000 authorized showrooms with widespread availability of both

products & after sales services.

Company has four plants in India:

1. Banglore

2. Naganathapura

3. Jaipur

4. Nashik

3.3 About the customers:

Telco, Leyland, Eicher, Escort, Bajaj, Crompton Greaves, Lister, HMT, Mahindra &

Mahindra, Kirloskar, Hind .Motors, Ford, Lombardini, Thai Engines

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About the competitors:

• Delphy

• TVS

• Singer

3.4 About Nashik Plant:

MICO Bosch Pilot Plant was started in Nashik in 1969. It began operating in 1972. Full-

fledged production was started in 1974. MICO Bosch/NaP is one of the four pillars of

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MICO Bosch and Bosch Group in India. The plant is situated in Satpur on the land area

of 405,060 sq. m. with 67,617 sq. m. of built up area.

MICO Bosch is the undisputed leader in the automotive component sector. It is

one of those blue chip organizations who have contributed to the economic and social

development of our economy. It has not only withstood the global competition

successfully but has even grown in volume. It has made successful forays in new areas of

market, diversifying its product range in auto electrical, electric power tools and

hydraulic equipments. It has also made impressive advances in technology of its core

area i.e. fuel injection systems. MICO Bosch now has set its eyes on establishing itself as

a leader in automotive equipments in other South Asian countries.

MICO BOSCH has been able to achieve this enviable position due to-

� Access to the International technology of Bosch.

� A conscious commitment to quality.

� A dedicated, qualified skilled and highly motivated work force.

� A strong desire to grow and excel in its work with continuous improvement as

its motto.

� A well-developed and quality conscious vendor base.

� A strong all India network of over 1100 authorized dealers.

� A reliable and prompt after sales service.

The plant has five functioning workshops with well planned and International

Quality Structure. The infrastructure shows that it knows the Corporate Social

Responsibility very well. It is the best company amongst all in Nashik. It is very well

known for the cleanliness in the plant and the quality of work. The company believes in

customer satisfaction and reaching it at any cost.

Manpower at MICO Bosch Nashik:

The Plant has a total human strength of about 3040 which are categorized as

follows:

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• Operators 2200 in number

• Substitutes or temporary operators 462 in number

• Management and supervisory staff (M&SS) 310 in number

• Apprentices or the learners 120 in number

2425

40

347

138 90

HRE

MRE

M &SS

MVC Trainees

MVC TRADE APPRENTICES

Fig: Distribution of manpower in MICO BOSCH/NaP

3.5 PRODUCTS AT MICO BOSCH NASHIK

HRE: Hourly Rated Employees MRE: Monthly Rated Employees M & SS: Managers and Service Staff MVC Trainees: MICO Vocational Centre Trainees

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At the Nashik plant Nozzles & nozzles Holders are manufactured which are used in Fuel

Injection system of diesel engines. The MICO BOSCH Nashik is specialized in

manufacturing a variety of Nozzles and Nozzle Holders and that at the cheapest

possible rate.

1. Nozzles-

1.1 DN Nozzles- These are the Pintle type of Nozzles. Pintle types of Nozzles have a

coaxial Jet and are used in pre-combustion chamber engines and turbulent

chamber engines. The Nozzle opening presser is between 115 and 400 bar.

1.2 Orifice Nozzles- These Orifice Nozzles are Pintaux Nozzles have several spray

orifices and are required for engines with direct injection. The nozzle opening

pressure is between180 and 400 bars. For large engines (more than 75 kW) also

cooled nozzles are used.

These are termed as: DL, DLL, DSLA etc. These types are orifice types of nozzle

but the difference in them is the shaft diameter and length of the collar.

2. Nozzle holders-

Nozzle holders are classified according to their shaft diameter.

2.1 P-type Nozzle holder- Its characteristic diameter is 17mm.

2.2 Modular type- Its characteristic diameter is 21mm.

2.3 Forged type – It is made out of forging and has a diameter 30mm.

3.6 PRODUCT OFFERED BY THE ORGANIZATION

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PRODUCT RANGE :-

Diesel Fuel Injection Equipment

• Fuel Injection Pumps-Single-Cylinder, Multi-cylinder, and VE Distributor type

• Governors, Injection Timers and Feed Pumps

• Nozzles and Nozzle-holders

• Elements

• Delivery valves

Spark Plugs

Auto Electrical

• Starter Motors

• Alternators

Automotive Accessories

• Halogen Bulbs

• Fog Lamps

• Stop and Tail Lamps

• Miniature Lamps

• Festoon Lamps

• Ignition Coils

• Voltage Regulators

• Horns

• Filter & Filter Inserts

• Cogged Auto Belts

• Clutch Plates/Cover Assemblies

• Glow Plugs, Glow Indicators & Glow Resistors

• ARAL Lubricants & Coolants

• Shock Absorbers

• Batteries

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• Blaupunkt Car Audio Systems

• Diesel Fuel Injection Pipes

• Automotive Relays

• Wiper Blades

• Gear Pumps

Industrial Equipment

• Special Purpose Machines

• Deburring Machines

• Measuring & Inspection Automates

• Assembly Techniques

Packaging Machines

• Vertical Form Fill and seal Machines

• Pharma – Bttle Filling Machines

• Laddu Making Machine

Electric Power Tools

• Construction Tools

• Wood Working Tools

• Specialty Tools

• Cordless Tools

• Metal Working Tools

• High Frequency Tools

• Bolting Technology

Pneumatic Tools

• Bosch Accessories for all the tools

3.7 Milestones of the company:

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!988: Start of production elements and delivery valves.

1989: Production of auto electrical parts at NaP

1990: Production of hydraulic at NaP

1992: ISO 9001 certification, MICO Nashik commenced marketing of automotive

accessories and exporting software to Bosch.

1993: Launched electric power tools

1994: Manufacture of packing machines.

1995: MICO became the Bosch global development centre for a range of multi cylinder

diesel fuel injection pumps.

1996: DSLA injector (EURO I): Manufacture with CKD imports, Blaupunkt Car audio

system launched

1997: QS 9000 certification

1998: Start of production of DSLA nozzles.

1999: First export of automotive after market of Bosch.

2000: DSLA nozzle approval up to 1800 bars pressure.

2001: One millionth DSLA nozzle produced.

2002: Fifty millionths NHA produced.

2003: ISO/ TS 16949, ISO 14001 certification

2003: Lead plant status for DN nozzles

2004: Lead plant status for KCA, sixty millionths NHA produced.

2005: Start of pilot plant of common rail injector

2005: 27% of export vision fulfillment

2006: SOP of CRI part production.

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3.8 CURRENT ACHIVEMENTS OF THE COMPANY AND FUTURE

GOALS OF THE COMPANY:-

MICO BOSCH has been awarded the golden peacock special commendation

certificate for the year 2005 for environment achievements.

The year 2006 has begun with a positive note. The company achieved exports of

27% of total output i.e., exceeding the vision of 25%. 2005 was also the year of highest

exports in a month (Rs.140 million).

Company begun series of production of Common Rail Injector parts for Daejon

plant of RB Korea from day one of New Year. While company produce an average of

2000 sets per day in January, the figure for May is higher a 4000 sets per day.

The Nashik Run Marathon which has been held every year by company to collect

the funds for NGO’s social work which attached more citizens of Nashik every year and

it get continuously huge response than in the past.

With signing of wage settlement on 25th Jan, company embarked upon a new

phase of productivity in Nashik. With expected higher productivity of 2% in nozzle

holder assembly, 7% in DSLA and 11% in all of the areas, company will be able to meet,

to some extent, the higher demand of the customers.

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3.9 Company values:

1. Future and result focus:

In order to ensure the dynamic development of our company and to guarantee

long term corporate success, we participate in shipping the change in market

and tec-hnologies. By doing, so we provide our customers with innovative

solutions and our associates with attractive jobs. We act result focused in

order to secure growth and financial independence. With the dividend

generated, Robert Bosch foundation support charitable activities.

2. Responsibility

We accept that our actions must accord with the interest of society. Above all

else, we place our products and services in interest of safety of people, the

economic use of resources and environment sustainability.

3. Initiative and determination:

We act on our own initiatives with an entrepreneurial but accountable spirit,

and demonstrate determination in pursuing our goals.

4. Openness and trust:

We inform our associates, business partners and investors in a timely and

open fashion of important development within our company. This is the basis

for trustful relationship.

5. Fairness

We view mutual fairness as a condition of our corporate success when dealing

with one another and with our business partners.

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6. Reliability, credibility and legality

We promise only what we can deliver, accept agreements as binding, respect

and observe the laws in all our business transaction.

7. Cultural diversity:

We are aware of our company’s regional and cultural origins and at the same

time regard diversity as an asset, as well as precondition of our global success.

3.10 Company guiding principles:

Be QIK

Quality is our most valued asset.

Innovation today ensures business tomorrow.

Customer orientation inspires customers and associates.

Be Better

We want continuous improvement.

We want to better than our competitors.

Be Bosch

We offer outstanding products and services worldwide.

We keep our promises.

Profit secures our growth.

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3.11 ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

The company (MICO BOSCH, NA) has a functional structure with the technical

head (TL) and the commercial head (KL) at the top. The various functional heads

are reporting to them. The brief organization structure of the company is shown

below:

SAF : Manager- Safety

PER : Dy. GM – personnel.

CIP : Asst. Manager – continuous improvement process.

CRI : Common Rail Injector

MVC : MICO Vocational Center

PUR : Purchase

MFN : Manufacturing Nozzle

MFH : Manufacturing Holder

QMM : Quality Measurement Method

PT : Technical Plant

PC : Commercial Plant

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Organizational Structure

MICO

NASHIK PLANT

PT

Weller.

PC

Hegde S.M.

PUR

Deshpande A.B.

ISY

Joshi M.B.

PER

Pandey S

MVC

Negi S. S.

PER 1

Tapde A.R.

MED

Ghoshal J.S.

CAS 1

Shetty R.K.

PRS

Roy P.K.

CFA

Thontesh H.B.

PER 11

Mane R.G.

PER 12

Band S.M.

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Chapter-4 THEORY ABOUT STRESS

4.1 Stress

Stress is your body’s way of responding to any kind of demand. It can be caused

by both good and bad experiences. When people feel stressed by something going on

around them, their bodies react by releasing chemicals into the blood. These chemicals

give people more energy and strength, which can be a good thing if their stress is caused

by physical danger. But this can also be a bad thing, if their stress is in response to

something emotional and there is no outlet for this extra energy and strength. This project

describes about different causes of stress, how stress affects people today.

4.2 Causes of stress?

Many different things can cause stress- from physical (such as fear of something

dangerous) to emotional (such as worry over your family or job.) Identifying what may

be causing you stress is often the first step in learning how to better deal with your stress.

Some of the most common sources of stress are:

Survival Stress- When we are something may physically hurt you, your body

naturally responds with a burst of energy so that you will be better able to survive the

dangerous situation (fight) or escape it all together (flight).This is survival stress.

Internal stress- Have you ever caught yourself worrying about things you can do

nothing about or worrying for no reason at all? This is internal stress and it is one of the

most important kinds of stress to understand and manage. Internal stress is when people

make themselves stressed. This often happens when we worry about things we can’t

control or put ourselves in situations we know will cause us stress. Some people become

addicted to the kind of hurried, tense, lifestyle that results from being under stress. They

even look for stressful situation and feel stress about things that aren’t stressful.

Environmental stress- This is a response to things around you that cause stress,

such as noise, crowding and pressure from work or family. Identifying these

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environmental stresses and learning to avoid them or deal with them will help lower your

stress level.

Fatigue and overwork- This kind of stress builds up over long time and can take

a hard toll on your body. It can be caused by working too much or too hard at your

job(s), school, or home. It can also be caused by not knowing how to manage your time

well or how to take time out for rest and relaxation. This can be one of the hardest kinds

of stress to avoid because many people feel this is one of their controls.

What Is Not Stress?

To make the meaning of stress more clear, it is useful to state that what does not

constitute stress. Each of the following does not amount to stress.

Stress is not simply anxiety or nervous tension: These symptoms do not constitute

stress. People exhibiting these behaviors may not be under any stress. Similarly,

individuals who are under stress may not anxiety or nervous tension.

Stress need not always be damaging: People frequently experience stress without any

strain at all. Daily activities of life may be stressful, but not always harmful.

Stress is not always due to overwork: Stressed-out individuals are not always those

who are overworked. Stress may also result from having too little to do.

Stress can not be avoided: It is necessary to realize that stress is an inevitable part of life

and that it cannot be avoided. However, be avoided are the negative reactions to stress.

The body has a limited capacity to responds: Stress is the body’s biological response

mechanism. The body has only limited capacity to respond to stressors. The workplace

makes a variety of demands on people and too much stress over too long a period of time

exhaust the ability to cope with the stressors, as is evident from the second preview case

to this chapter.

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4.3 EFFECTS OF STRESS:

1. Effect on Society:

The societal costs of stress are already high- and are increasing steadily.

Society bears the cost of public services such as healthcare for those made ill by stress,

pensions for early retirements brought on by stress, and disability benefits for accidents

occurring because of stress. In addition of this, stress often makes people irritable, and

this affects the overall quality of everyone’s lives.

2. Effects on Companies :-

Stress costs industry over $150 billion a year in the US alone- through absenteeism and

reduced level of performance by those who are physically present but mentally absent. In

the UK as much as 60% of all absenteeism is believed to be caused by stress related

disorders. Anything that can reduce the damaging effects of stress makes workers happier

and companies richer.

3. Effects on the Body :-

When the human body is suffer from physical or psychological stress, it increases the

production of certain hormones, such as adrenaline and cortical. These hormones produce

marked changes in heart rate, blood pressure levels metabolism and physical activity.

Although this physical reaction will help you to function more effectively when you are

under pressure for short periods of time, it can be extremely damaging to the body in the

long term.

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4. Effects on Emotions :-

Those who suffer from stress are far more likely to indulge in destructive behavior, which

can have a high cost to themselves, to employees, and to society. Typical symptoms such

as mood swings and erratic behavior may alienate colleagues as well as friends and

family. In some cases, this can start a vicious circle of decreasing confidence, leading to

more serious emotional problems, such as depression.

5. Effects on Decisions :-

Suffering from any level of stress can rapidly cause individuals to lose their ability to

make sound decisions, especially if their self-confidence fails. This affects health,

family and career alike, since stress in one area of life inevitably affects others.

Someone suffering from stress may not heed physical signs of illness, attributing

them to the side-effects of stress. Faulty decisions made in the workplace and at home

may lead to accidents or arguments, financial loss or even the loss of job.

6. Effects on Family :-

Stress can break up homes and families. The high divorce rates in the West are due

partly to the rapid increase in stress I the workplace, especially where both partners

are working full time. It is difficult to find the energy to be to family and friends if

work is very difficult or you are afraid that you may lose your job.

When children are involved, stress can cause a conflict relating to childcare and

careers. Separation or divorce may have long term impact on the children, it is not

best way to create a generation of stress-free individuals. This requires a very careful

balance of the demands of work and home.

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4.5 THE STRESS EXPERIENCE:- Not all individuals experience stress with the same intensity. Some people over-react to

stressor and get highly stressed. Others have the stamina endurance and composure to

cope with any stressors. How an individual experience stress depends on,

PERCEPTION:-

Perception refers to a psychological process whereby a person selects and organizes

stimuli into a concept of reality. Employees’ perception of a situation can influence

whether or not the experience stress. A simple transfer from one place to another may be

perceived by one employee as a opportunity to see new places and learn new things. The

same transfer may be understood by another employee has extremely threatening and

indicating unhappiness of the management with his/her performance.

PAST EXPERIENCE:-

Whether a person experiences or not depends on his/her past experience with a similar

stressor. Writing anonymous letters against the boss or giving leads to press and getting

false stories published against the boss are common among disgruntled employees over a

period of time, the boss will get used to such allegations, though initially he/she

undergoes stress.

The relationship between experience and stress is also based on

reinforcement. Positive reinforcement or previous success in similar situations can reduce

the level of stress that a person experience under certain circumstances, punishment or

past failure under similar conditions can increase stress under the same circumstances.

SOCIAL SUPPORT:-

The presence or absence of other people influences how individuals in the workplace

experience stress and response to stressors. The presence of co-workers may increase an

individual’s confidence, allowing the person to cope more effectively his stress. For

example, working alongside someone who performs confidently and competently in a

stressful situation may help an employee behave in a similar way. Conversely, the

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presence of fellow workers may irritate some people or make them anxious, reducing

their ability to cope with stress.

Personality Type

In the respect of personality, two concepts- Type A personality and Type B personality-

are relevant in this context.

The Type A personality is stress-prone and is associated with the following behavioral

patterns:

• Always moves, walks and eats rapidly.

• Feels impatient with the pace of things, hurries others and dislikes waiting.

• Does several things at a time.

• Feels guilty when relaxing.

• Tries to schedule more & more in less & less time.

• Uses nervous gestures such as clinched fist and banging the hand on the table.

• Does not have time to enjoy the life.

The Type B personality, on the other hand, is less stress-prone. Following are the typical

characteristics of Type B personality:

• Is not concern about time?

• Is patient.

• Does not brag.

• Plays for fun, not to win.

• Relaxes without feeling guilty.

• Have no pressing deadlines.

• Is mild-mannered.

Role Overload:

Too much work causes stress to a employee. The story of Reddy, stated in the

opening case, is illustrative of work overload causing stress. Excess overload has become

the norm these days as more and more organizations have reduced their work-force and

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restructured work, leaving the remaining employees with more tasks ad fewer resources

of time to complete them.

Role Conflict:

Role conflict occurs where people face competing demands. There are two types

of role conflict in organizations.

Inter role conflict occurs when an employee has two roles that are in conflict with

each other. Inter role conflict is common in matrix organizations where subordinates will

be shared by matrix bosses. Personal conflict occurs when personal values clash with

organizational goals. For example, offering bribe to corner an order may help the

organization, but such a practice may conflict with the ethical value of the executive as an

individual.

Role Ambiguity:

Role ambiguity exists when employees are uncertain about their responsibilities,

functions, performance expectations and level of authority. This tends to occur when

people enter new situations, such as joining the organization or taking foreign

assignment, because they are uncertain about task and social expectations.

Task characteristics:

Task characteristics are also individual-level stressors. Tasks are more stressful

when they involve decision-making, monitoring equipment or exchanging information

with others. Traffic congestion is a major stressor for sales people and bus drivers. And

as traffic intensity increases in the future, so will stress levels.

As we go into the future, a 24-hour work model will bring new challenges. An

increasing number of professionals will be required to work during night shifts.

Adjustment to the body clock to the new routine, health risks and stress-related hazards

will be serious issues the HR experts need to face in the coming years. Night shifts results

in gastrointestinal disorders and abnormal heart rhythms. There can be chronic

gynecological problems for women (Women are allowed to work overnights). Mental

symptoms can be so severe that stressed nightshift worker can almost be manageable.

The nightshift workers will be more vulnerable to stress for sleeping patterns, emotional

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problems and family commitments while juggling a varying work timetable, sometimes

with little social support.

4.6 Battle against stress:

To beat the odds a few suggestions on the following line are advocated.

a) Prioritize and schedule work:

Multi-tasking calls for special skills and efforts. To reduce stress and enjoy life, learn to

prioritize tasks. Organizing is something we have been learning ever since we were

toddlers. In fact, even the most disorganized person is endowed with the ability to

organize. In order t cut on stress, it is necessary to be flexible while being organized. To

master the art of prioritizing, it is essential to determine the importance of the tasks on

hand and set apart time to complete them. Elimination of unnecessary jobs, delegation of

others and postponing tasks based on their priority can help in ensuring effective time

management resulting in a stress-free life.

b) Diet regulation:

Studies show that our food habits have a bearing on our mind and body. It would be a

sensible idea to start the day with a diet that is full of proteins, carbohydrates and

vitamins. An ideal breakfast should contain non-oily dishes taken with fruits or fruit

juices. Doctors often suggest a diet, which is less in salt as the same leads to tension and

high blood pressure. The bottom line is to avoid oily and heavy foods. Ensure that the

body is fed with sufficient quantity of water (4-5 ltrs) per day. Finally, avoid caffeine,

which is a known stimulant of stress response in the body.

c) Learn to relax:

Meditation, yoga and deep-breathing exercises are age-ld stress busters. Out ancient

sages were said to have gained mastery over their mind and body through meditation and

yogic practices. In addition to improving the power of concentration, it is clinically

proved that both yoga and meditation can effectively offload stress and tension. Tension

31

is reflected in the breathing mechanism, which becomes rapid and shallow when a person

is stressed. To achieve normalcy, it is advised to take a few deep breaths and then exhale

slowly. This exercise helps in relaxing the tense muscles and distressing the body.

Regular practice of meditation, yoga and deep breathing would go a long way in ensuring

women have a healthy body and a healthy mind.

d) Exercise regularly:

Exercise is one of the easiest and cheapest ways to combat stress. Any form of exercise

that results in blood pumping is good for the body as exercise relieves pent-up energy and

strengthens the heart muscles, which bear the brunt of the stress. The other positive side

effect of exercise is that it results in improved quality of sleep with the result that the

mind is fresh, alert and active.

4.8 A Model of Occupation Stress

Individual Level • Personality • Role Overload

Stressors

Behavioural • Satisfaction • Performance

Outcomes

32

4.9 RECOGNIZING SYMPTOMS:-

33

There is no single symptom that can identify stress – stressed and unstressed

people may equally well have disease or drink to excess. A common factor in

stressed individuals is the presence of a number of symptoms.

`

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Physical

Signs

Emotional

Signs

Mental

signs

Relational

signs

Spiritual

Signs

Behavioral

signs

Appetite

changes

Bad

Temper

Lacking

humor

Isolation Feeling of

emptiness

Pacing

Headaches Worry Dull

senses

Defensive Lethargy Swearing

Fatigue Nightmares tiredness Intolerance Inability to

Forgive

Substance

abuse

Insomnia Irritability Boredom

Resentment Doubt Nail biting

Indigestion Depression Indecisiveness Loneliness Loss of

Direction

Slumped

posture

Cold Frustration Forgetfulness

frustration Doubt Restlessness

Weight

Changes

Over

Sensitivity

Poor

concentration

Lower sex

drive

Need to

prove self

Risk

aversion

Teeth

Grinding

Mood

swing

Personality

Changes

Aggression Negative

outlook

Eating

disorders

Tension Fearfulness Stuck in

past

cruelty Gloom Headaches

34

Research methodology is a systematical approach for solving a research problem.

Research Methodology is a systematic method of stating the problem clearly, formulating

hypothesis, collecting the facts, analyzing them and reaching certain conclusion in the

form of solution.

Data Collection:

Primary data:

The data for the study is gathered by conducting a survey from Managerial and

Supervisory staff by distributing questionnaires and getting the feedback. The purpose

behind collecting the information from participants by questionnaire is to recognize the

stress level of the employees.

Secondary data:

Secondary Data is the data, which is collected from the various books, magazine

and material, reports, etc.

Here the data is collected from-

� Organizations website,

� Reference books

� Internet.

Sample design: 86

Here, I have used systematic sampling method.

Sample size: Sample space: MICO Bosch, Nashik

Convenient sampling was the technique used for studying major findings. Taking into

consideration the various departments, accordingly the samples were sorted.

Departments selected were PUR, PER, TEF, QMM, MEN, CRI, MFH, PT-PC and ISY.

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA:

35

Stress in an individual is defined as “any interference that disturbs the person’s

healthy, mental and physical wellbeing”. It occurs when the body is required to perform

beyond its normal range of capabilities. The results of stress are harmful to individual,

family and organization.

The person may get subjected to the stress because of any of the many different

conditions which he comes across in his daily routine. Everyone tries to minimize his

stress in his own way but we take a responsibility of determining their stress levels, from

normal to high, and also giving those solutions to manage their stress effectively.

The questionnaire is designed in such a way that it doesn’t eat up the time of the

employee. The employee is needed to take out only 10 minutes from his schedule to

answer them as they had to choose only one of the options out of the given four. The

option ticked by the employee is compared with the standard format and accordingly

their stress levels are determined and further suggestions are provided. The identity of the

employee is not disclosed so that they can freely express their views by answering the

questions.

I targeted them M&SS staff from PER, PUR, CFA,QMM, ISY, PT,PC,MFN and

CRI department which covered around 132 people in all. The questionnaire designed by

us was modified by taking the feedback of the different people and our project guide who

are very well acquainted with the working environment of the company and the

responsibilities of the 3, 4 group managers.

The data collected is then analyzed at the departmental level to which the

employee belongs. The questionnaire we designed contains around 33 questions which

touched different aspects from the employees’ daily work as well as personal, life is as

follows:

36

6.1 Questionnaire:

MOTOR INDUSTRIES COMPANY LTD.

“RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE FOR STRESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAM”

Date:

Group:

Respected Sir,

We would appreciate if you take a few minutes to answer the questions below

regarding your stress levels. This is a part of our ongoing project on “Stress Management

“. We will use this information to measure the stress level in the organization. Please feel

free to answer the questions.

We won’t disclose this information to anyone else. Your responses play an important role

in our project.

So, please tick ‘ ’under the right answer.

QUESTIONNAIRE

1) Does your boss put lots of pressure on you to complete task in limited time?

a) Never b) Sometimes c) Often d) Always

2) Is there constant interruption at work?


3) Do you discuss working problems with your colleagues?

37


4) Do you feel that colleagues seem to be supportive after discussion?


5) In case decisions taken by you is not supported by the management, do you feel

stressed?


6) Do you have good interdepartmental relations?


7) Does your staff follow time boundaries set by you?


8) Are you comfortable with latest technologies adopted by MICO?


9) Are you under pressure due to more responsibilities?


10) Do interdepartmental conflict create problem in your day to day work?


11) Do you think that overloading of work creates stress to you?


38

12) Do you think that due to overload of work in company, the family

responsibilities are being imparted to your family members?


13) Does idle timing creates stress to you?


14) Do you feel tensed, in case you are not promoted?


15) Do you feel stressed if more responsibility is given to you due to absenteeism?


16) Do you get disturbed due to biasness?


17) If you are stressed does your family get affected?


18) Do you feel secured in the organization while working?


19) Does your family life get affected incase you work for long hours?


20) Does behavior of the superior or subordinates cause stress?


21) Have you ever suffered from stress due to communication gap?

39


22) Does the organizational policies causing stress to you?


23) Have you fallen sick due to stress?


24) Do u find difficult to sleep?


25) Do you find difficult to concentrate?


26) Are you confused while taking decision?


27) Do you feel lonely?


28) Since how many years you are working in Bosch?

a) Below 10 b) below 20 c) below 30 d) please mention in figures. ----

29) Do you think that leadership creates stress to you?


30) Are you satisfied with your compensation?


31) Does the responsibilities of your colleagues given to you?

40


32) Which age group do you belong to?

a) 21-30 b) 31-40 c) 41-50 d) 51-60

33) Gender

a) Male b) Female

41

6.2 ANALYSIS:

� The survey on stress management on higher level management is conducted.

� The questionnaire was designed by considering the parameters like age,

experience, income, group, gender and department.

� In the questionnaire, four options were provided for each question. There were

total 33 questions. The options were a) Never b) Sometimes c) Often d) Always

� Depending on the question, the options were given weight age.

� The questionnaire was distributed to the managers and sufficient time was given

to fill up the questionnaire.

� Regular follow ups were done after distributing the questionnaire.

� While collecting the questionnaire, we made sure to keep the information

confidential.

� The list of 100 managers was selected. Out of that 86 managers were selected for

the survey according to their departments.

� The purpose behind collecting the information from participants by questionnaire

is to recognize their stress levels.

Analysis was done according to:-

� Gender

� Group levels,

� Age,

� Experience

� Department.

� The analyzed data for every department was treated differently and the graphs

were drawn to check how much stress exist in every department, the level of

stress and the main reasons behind their high stress levels is as follows:

below 10 yrs below 20 yrs below 30 yrs below 40 yrs

42

6.2 A) ANALYSIS OF STRESS LEVEL AS PER EXPERIENCE

0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3

6 20 3 1 2 16 6 6 23 5 2 0 4 16 7 3

15 14 8 3 13 10 2 5 2 16 10 3 8 16 2 4

9 14 5 2 13 7 8 2 6 2 3 19 13 13 3 1

7 12 4 2 18 11 0 1 17 12 1 0 11 12 4 0

0 19 11 0 4 12 12 5 4 15 11 0 10 14 4 2

5 13 10 2 12 12 5 1 14 11 5 0 11 14 4 1

3 19 5 3 7 15 4 4 11 9 10 0 13 7 3 7

4 12 12 1 8 17 3 2 7 20 3 0 5 14 9 2

5 12 10 2 11 11 6 2 0 18 9 2 10 17 3 0

4 21 11 1 1 12 14 3 84 108 54 24 8 15 6 1

10 12 7 1 1 13 13 3 31.11 40.00 20.00 8.89 7 9 11 3

8 12 8 2 11 16 3 0 24 3 0 2

6 13 7 5 7 15 7 2 4 26 0 0

4 16 7 3 3 25 1 1 15 13 2 0

10 17 2 1 6 13 9 2 18 9 2 1

15 12 3 0 3 15 4 3 25 3 2 0

2 11 10 7 6 13 7 5 8 14 6 2

2 26 1 1 2 15 5 8 6 19 3 1

9 14 7 0 0 10 16 4 200 234 71 30

5 11 10 3 12 9 5 4 37.38 43.74 13.27 5.61

14 13 3 0 9 16 5 0

3 17 7 3 0 23 8 0

1 16 13 0 20 9 1 0

147 346 164 43 7 14 5 2

21.00 49.43 23.43 6.14 1 15 13 1

177 344 162 66

23.63 45.93 21.63 8.81

43

Experience in yrs

Stress level below 10 below 20 below 30 Below 40

0 21 24 31 37

1 49 46 40 44

2 23 22 20 13

3 6 9 9 6

Experience wise stress level

21 24

3137

4946

4044

23 22 20

13

69 9

6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0-10 11-20 21-30 31- 40

Experience in yrs

% o

f em

plo

yees low stress level

medium stress

occassional stress

high stress

Interpretation:

From the above graph, it is interpreted that,

� the employees with work experience below 20 yrs and 30 yrs are suffering from

high level stress because,

->The responsibilities given to them are more and they need to balance

their work life and family life.

� In general, maximum numbers of employees suffer from medium level stress.

� And employees having experience below 40 yrs have low stress levels since they

are nearing to their retirement stage.

44

Note: The procedure for experience wise sorting is mentioned above. Similarly sorting

for other categories is done.

6.2 B) ANALYSIS OF STRESS LEVEL AS PER AGE GROUP:

Age in years

stress level 21-30 yrs 31-40 yrs 41-50 yrs 51-60 yrs

0 17.78 21.08 33.09 31.94

1 57.78 47.51 42.78 44.58

2 17.76 22.93 20.8 15

3 6.65 8.47 3.31 8.47

Age wise stress levels

17.821.1

33.1 31.9

57.8

47.542.8 44.6

17.822.9 20.8

15.0

6.7 8.53.3

8.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

21-30 yrs 31-40 yrs 41-50 yrs 51-60 yrs

Age

% o

f em

plo

yees

low stress

medium stress

occassional stress

high stress

Interpretation:


� Maximum numbers of employees are suffering from medium level stress which

can be called as positive stress.

� Employees of age-group 31-40 yrs are suffering from high level stress.

45

6.2 C) ANALYSIS OF STRESS LEVEL AS PER GROUP LEVEL:

Group level

Stress level Group-3 Group-4

0 23.53 26.79

1 46.57 46.92

2 22.55 18.91

3 7.35 7.37

Group level wise stress

24 27

47 47

2319

7 7

0

10

20

30

40

50

Group-3 Group-4

Group level

% o

f em

ploy

ees

low level stress

Medium stress

Occassional stress

High stress

Interpretation:


� The stress level of both the groups doesn’t make much difference.


46

6.2 D) ANALYSIS OF STRESS LEVEL IN GENERAL:

Stress level % of employees

Low 25.5

Medium 46.78

Occasional 20.35

High 7.36

General stress level

25.5

46.78

20.35

7.36

0

10

20

30

40

50

Low Medium Occasional High

Stress

% o

f em

plo

yees

Interpretation:


� 25.5% of the employees don’t have any stress.

� 46.78% of the employees have medium stress.

� 20.35% of the employees have occasional stress.

� 7.36% of the employees have high stress.

47

6.2 E) ANALYSIS OF STRESS LEVEL ACCORDING TO GENDER:

Gender

Stress level Male Female

0 25.77 19.33

1 46.71 44

2 20.24 28

3 7.28 8.67

Gender wise stress level

25.77

19.33

46.7144

20.24

28

7.28 8.67

05

101520253035404550

Male Female

Gender

% o

f em

plo

yees

Low stress

Medium stress

Occassional stress

High stress

Interpretation:


� The stress levels in female are more than that of males.


48

6.2 F) a) ANALYSIS OF STRESS LEVEL DEPARTMENT WISE:

Department

Stress level PER PT/PC MFC

0 26.67 23.44 21.67

1 58.89 43.22 49.58

2 11.11 23.44 22.92

3 3.33 9.89 5.83

Department wise stress

27 23 22

4350

11

23 23

310

6

59

010203040506070

PER PT/PC MFC

Departments

% o

f em

plo

yees Low stress

Medium stress

OccassionalstressHigh stress

Interpretation:


� Maximum level of stress is observed in PT/PC dept.

� Per department has least stress as compared to other department.


49

6.2 F) b) ANALYSIS OF STRESS LEVEL DEPARTMENT WISE:

Department

stress level PUR TEF MFN MFH

0 20.28 29.29 24.22 20.28

1 47.22 46.43 46.89 47.22

2 20.56 17.98 21.78 20.56

3 11.94 6.31 7.11 11.94

Department wise stress

20

2924

20

47 46 47 47

21 1822 21

6 71212

0

10

20

30

40

50

PUR TEF MFN MFH

Departments

% o

f em

plo

yees Low stress

Medium stress

OccassionalstressHigh stress

Interpretation:


� Maximum stress level is observed in PUR and MFH dept as compared to other

departments.

� In general, maximum numbers of employees (47%) suffer from medium level

stress.

� The stress level of the TEF department is less is low as compared to other

department.

50

FINDINGS

Following are the findings made:

� Approximately 25% of the people are suffering from low stress

� Low Stress is neither positive nor negative, it can not be noticed. It does not affect

on the performance of the employees.

� Approximately 48% of the people are suffering from moderate stress.

� Moderate Stress is positive stress, can help to concentrate and focus on work. It

actually increases ability to survive. Moderate stress allows us to gather physical

and emotional energy which helps with changes and challenges in daily life.

� Approximately 20% of the people are suffering from occasional stress.

� Occasional stress can be positive or negative depending on the individual.

� Approximately 7% of the people are suffering from high stress.

� High Stress is negative stress, which when occurs creates problem to health and

vitality.

� Generally females are suffering from maximum stress as compared to males.

� PUR and MFH departments are having maximum stress as compared to other

departments.

� Maximum numbers of employees are suffering from moderate stress.

51

Chapter 8- RECOMMENDATION &SUGGETIONS

RECOMMENDATION

The report after analysis showed that the employees of MICO are stressed at various

areas and at different levels which varies from department to department. Since everyone

manages his own stress at his own level, we took the suggestions from them all to know

their methods which can be helpful to the others. Hence we added those suggestions with

ours and gave them to all the participants.

Through this report, we could observe high stress levels in most of the MICO employees

because they face problem:

1. During cross functioning between two departments due to everyone’s

different perception and the priorities,

2. Their authorities,

3. Their boss’s non-support, and

4. The PRED analysis of the company.

52

SUGGESTIONS

1. Try to maintain a trustful relationship at intra and inter departmental level to have

a better cross functioning.

“Tum bhi khush, Hum bhi khush. Problem Khatm!!!”

Take various cross functional projects; implement CIP to keep a check on your

work.

2. Develop better leadership qualities to make a better use of the authority given to

you. For that, attend all the Leadership and Mentoring Coaching and Counseling

Program and keep a check on yourself to see a change in you and hence in others.

3. Believe that change in everything starts from you. So be an initiator to bring about

a change and take the whole credit.

4. Those working under you always need a motivation from their boss. So be a

Motivator and their big support.

5. Believe your boss. Support him to achieve all your departmental targets.

6. Think more flexible

7. Keep emotions in their place.

8. Change your behavior.

9. Time management.

10. To avoid making errors, do one task at a time.

11. Improve your physical health to help you conquer stress.

12. Incase, good decision taken by the employees should be supported by the

management.

13. Employees need to improve the communication skill between them so as to

maintain stress free environment.

14. Organization need to make some changes in the organizational policies, because

some employees are not comfortable with organizational policies.

53

15. Employees should resolve the interdepartmental conflict.

16. Employees should utilize idle timing for their hobby.

17. Improper way to transfer the employees leads to stress and also conflict in the

organization.

18. The report after analysis showed that the employees of MICO are stressed at

various areas and at different levels which varies from department to department.

Since everyone manages his own stress at his own level, we took the suggestions

from them all to know their methods which can be helpful to the others. Hence we

added those suggestions with ours and gave them to all the participants.

19. Changing your thinking: it isn’t a modern concept.

People are disturbed not by thinking, but by views which they take of them.

--Epictetus

Their nothing good or bad, but thinking makes it so.

--Hamlet

54

Secrets of balancing stress in our life:

• Have a mind that is open to everything and attached to nothing.

• Don’t give yourself away to others.

• Silence is the way to grow listen to you, listen to others.

• Surrender your past, don’t make excuses, learn and move on.

• Surrender your ego, learn from your mistakes.

• Give up any anger or resentment that may be inside you.

• Live for the present moment. It is a precious gift.

• Stay away from negative thoughts and people.

• Do not delay the unpleasant task that must be done; instead, get at them

immediately

Additional Suggestions:

• Maintain good physical and mental health.

• Accept what you cannot change.

• Share worries with someone you can trust.

• Pay attention to your body.

• Balance work and recreation.

• Avoid reliance on things such as cigarettes and alcohol.

• Laugh at yourself when you do some funny things. Don’t take them to heart.

• Get enough rest and sleep.

• Don't be too hard on yourself.

• Attend Yoga classes and Vipashyana Camps.

55

CONCLUSION

The efforts and initiative taken by MICO to have a stress free environment by

providing various facilities are very much appreciated.

Since stress itself is not bad for anybody but the way it is handled can be harmful.

Hence the goal should not be to eliminate stress, but making managers learn how to

manage the stress through individualistic approach. Insufficient stress acts as a depressant

and may leave one feeling “tied up in knots”. That is why there is need to find the

balance between the work and life.

Low stress in neither positive nor negative, it can not be noticed. It does not affect

on the performance of the employees. High stress is negative stress, which when occurs

creates problem to health and vitality. Occasional stress can be positive or negative

depending on the individual. Moderate stress is positive stress, can help to concentrate

and focus on work. It actually increases ability to survive.

Moderate stress allows us to gather physical and emotional energy which helps

with changes in daily life. Most of the employees are suffering from medium level of the

stress which can be called as positive stress, which helps the employees to do work more

efficiently. But there are some employees who are suffering from high level stress which

is called as negative stress which adversely affect on the performance of the employees.

Negative stress should be minimizing as far as possible to increase the performance of the

employees.

The factor affecting on stress level of the employees such as working

environment, polices, role conflict, absenteeism, promotion policies, overloading of

work, communication gap etc.

If the employee is suffering from the stress affects on the productivity of the

organization, family life are get affected, also indirectly society also get affected.

56

Stress can be minimized by resolving inter departmental conflict, improving

communication skill, think more flexible, keep emotions at their place, develop better

leadership quality etc. Also do daily exercise, yoga.

Chapter 10- LIMITATIONS

� The interest and honesty of the participants in answering the questionnaire.

� Availability of time with the participants to answer the questionnaire.

� Number of participants answering the questions or sample size.

� Time (relaxed /busy) when the questionnaire was answered y the participants.

57

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOKS:

1. Reduce Stress

-Tim Hindle

2. Unwind

- Robert Burns

3. How to deal with stress

- Stephen Palmer & Cary Cooper

WEBSITES:

1. www.ivf.com

2. www.teachhealth.com

3. www.lifepositive.com

4. www.Healpghuid.org

5. www.google.com

58