06. Lesson 7 Software 9

8/12/2019 06. Lesson 7 Software 9

1/58

Introduction to Computers

Lesson 6A


2/58

home

Different Kind of IS Resources :

Perangkat Keras ( Hardware)

Perangkat Lunak ( Software )

Data dan Informasi

Basis data ( Database)

Pengguna/ User ( Brainware)


3/58

home

Before Operating System?


4/58

home

The Operating System (OS)

The operating system (OS) is software

that controls the interaction between

hardware and user software
http://localhost/wiki/Image:Windows_ME_logo.png


5/58

home

Layanan sistem operasi

Layanan otomatis :

Alokasi sumber daya

Catatan pemakaian

Proteksi

Penanganan kekeliruan

Pindah baris,gulung jendela, dll

Layanan permintaan pemakai :

Pelayanan thd i/o device

Penanganan sistem berkas

Penanganan kegiatan muat (load) dan olah (run)


6/58

home

Bagaimana sistem operasi

mengontrol aplikasi

Single usersingle task (exp.MS-DOS)

Single user - multi task (exp.Win 98)

Multiuser (exp.Win XP, Unix, Linux)


7/58

home

OS and Computer System

TATA OLAH APLIKASI DAN BERKAS DATA

SISTEM OPERASI

SUMBER DAYA KERAS/SUMBER DAYA TEGAR

SISTEM UTILITASCth:konverter tataletak,media SISTEM BAHASA

Dimana tata letak SO pada

Sistem Komputer ?


8/58

home

User Interface

The items you see on the computer

screen are the user interface


9/58

home

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

A GUI is a user interface that is made

up of graphic objects instead of text

commands


10/58

home

User interface os

User Interface/Shell/ Environment, ada 2 jenis:

CLI (Command Line Interface), semua

perintah harus diketik melalui keyboard,

contoh: DOS

GUI (Graphical User Interface), berbasisgrafis/gambar, contoh: MS-Windows


11/58

home

Desktop

The computers main interface


12/58

home

Icons

The graphic objects that you see on the

desktop are called icons


13/58

home

Taskbar

The taskbar appears at the bottom of

the Windows desktop and lets you

launch and manage software programs


14/58

home

Start Button and Start Menu

Click the Start button to open the Start

menu, which provides access to your

software programs


15/58

home

Shortcut or Context Menu

Right-click on an object to access a

shortcut or context menu that has the

objects most-used commands


16/58

home

Window

When a software program runs, it

appears in a rectangular frame, called a

window


17/58

home

Parts of a Window

Title bar

Minimize, Maximize and Close buttons

Scroll barsToolbars

Menu bar


18/58

home

Active Window

The window that is currently in use


19/58

home

Menus and the Menu Bar

You choose some tasks from

commands in lists called menus,

accessed from the menu bar


20/58

home

Dialog Box

Gives you choices for what you want

the software to do next


21/58

home

File Management

Manage files by saving them in folders

in a hierarchical file system


22/58

home

Utility

A utility is a software program that

enhances or extends the operating

systems capabilities


23/58

home

Kinds of Utilities

Disk defragmenter

Data compression

BackupDisk management

Screen savers


24/58

Introduction to Computers

Lesson 6B


25/58

home

UNIX

Oldest operating system, developed by

Bell Labs in the 1970s

Still used today in insurance, medicine,

banking, manufacturing and Web

servers


26/58

home

MS-DOS

Most popular PC operating system

during the 1980s and early 1990s, now

obsolete

Command-line interface


27/58

home

Macintosh

Offered first graphical user interface

beginning in the mid-1980s

Still popular with publishers, multimedia

developers, graphic artists and schools


28/58

home

Windows 3.X

Windows was Microsofts first graphical userinterface, introduced in the mid-1980s

Operating environment, not operating system,that ran on top of DOS

Windows 3.0 introduced in 1990 wasMicrosofts first successful version ofWindows

Windows 3.x refers to more than one memberof the Windows 3 family, now consideredobsolete


29/58

home

OS/2 Warp

Graphical user interface developed in

1982 jointly by IBM and Microsoft for

Intel microprocessors

Now obsolete


30/58

home

Windows NT

Introduced in 1993

Windows NT Workstation still used in

architectural firms, audio and video

production studios and graphics studios

Microsoft stopped supporting Windows

NT in 2001


31/58

home

Windows 9X

Released in 1995, Windows 95 was the

first member of the Windows 9x family

Windows 98 considered to be an

upgrade of Windows 95

Released in 2000, Windows ME was

the last member of the Windows 9x

family, still widely used, but consideredby experts to be obsolete


32/58

home

LINUX

Released in late 1990s

New version of UNIX

Distributed for free


33/58

home

Windows 2000

Released in 2000

Combined the features of Windows 98

and Windows NT


34/58

home

Windows XP

Released in 2001

Available in two editions: home and

professional


35/58

home

Operating System

Basically OS can be grouped as :

Special/ Embeded Operating System

General Operating System


36/58

home

Embedded Operating Systems

Built into an electronic devices circuitry

Found in devices such as PDAs


37/58

home

Three most popular embedded

operating systems:Palm OS

Windows CE

Pocket PC OS


38/58

home

JENIS-JENIS PROGRAM

APLIKASIUntuk pengetikan teks

Spreadsheet (pengolah angka)

Database Management SystemGraphics


39/58

home

PERANGKAT LUNAK

PENGETIKANPengolah kata sederhana (text editor)

misalnya Notepad di MS Windows

Wordprocessor menyediakan fasilitas

lebih lengkap misalnya MS-Word,

OpenOffice (Writer)


40/58

home

Spreadsheet Software

An application for entering, calculating,

manipulating and analyzing sets of

numbers

T l I l d d i th


41/58

home

Tools Included in the

Spreadsheet InterfaceDocument window

Workbook

Worksheet

Menu barToolbar

Formula bar

Scroll bars

Status bar

Cell Click toEnlarge


42/58

home

Cell

The intersection of a column and a row

You enter data into individual cells


43/58

home

Cell Address

Spreadsheets use row and column

identifiers as the basis for cell addresses


44/58

home

Value

An entered number or a result of a

computation


45/58

home

Formula

Calculates numbers based on values or

formulas in other cells


46/58

home

Database

A collection of related data or facts

D t b M t S t


47/58

home

Database Management System

(DBMS)

A software tool that lets you store,

access and process data or facts into

useful information


48/58

home

Important Database Terms

Fields

Records

Tables


49/58

home

Two Kinds of Databases

Flat-file

Relational


50/58

home

Flat-file Database

A database file that has a single data

table


51/58

home

Relational Database

A database made up of a set of tables

A common field in two tables creates a

relationship between the tables

Th C t i f D t


52/58

home

Three Categories of Data

Management

Entering data into the database

Sorting the data

Obtaining data subsets


53/58

home

Query

User instructions that describe data and

set criteria for the DBMS, which then

constructs information based on the

instructions


54/58

home

Ways to Perform Queries

SQL

Xbase

QBE


55/58

home

SQL

English-like query language that lets the

user query a database without knowing

much about the underlying database

structure


56/58

home

Query by Example (QBE)

Graphic query interface using a form or

a grid


57/58

home

Software Term

Adware

Donationware

Beggarware

Nagware

Guiltware

Abandonware

Postcardware

Baitware (link to

merchant account)

Freesoftware

Shareware

Crippleware

Demoware


58/58

Software Term

Firmware

Stealware

SpywareAd-aware

Malware

Trojan

Careware

Charirtyware

06. Lesson 7 Software 9

Documents