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Anatomy of the Larynx &
Physiology of Phonation
Samantha Soriano-Castaeda,
MD
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Objeti!es
Anatomy of the larynx Cartilage
Ligaments
M"sles
#er!es $lood s"%%ly
Lym%hati drainage
"ntion of the larynx Clinial orrelates
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'hyroid artilage
Laminae f"seanteriorly
Laryngeal
%rominene S"%erior & inferior
thyroid noth
S"%erior horn (nferior horn
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Crioid artilage
Only om%lete ring
'hi)er %osteriorlythan anteriorly
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Arytenoid artilage
Paired %yramidalartilage A%ex
*oal %roess
M"s"lar %roess
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+%iglottis
+lasti artilage
Posterior to thetong"e, hyoid
yoe%iglottiligament
'hyro-e%iglotti
ligament Arye%iglotti fold
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Ligaments
'hyrohyoidligament
Criothyroid
ligament Criotraheal
ligament
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(nner!ation
All laryngeal m"sles are inner!atedby the recurrent laryngeal nerveinferior. exe%t the cricothyroid
muscle /hih is inner!ated by theexternal branch of the superiorlaryngeal nerve
Sensory inner!ation0 s"%raglotti 1internal branh of the s"%eriorlaryngeal ner!e
2lottis do/n/ards 1 re"rrent laryngeal
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Arteries & *eins
S"%erior thyroid 1s"%erior laryngeal 1thyrohyoid membrane
(nferior thyroid 1 inferior laryngeal 1riothyroid membran
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Lym%hatis
S"%raglotti 1 le!el ((
S"bglotti 1 le!el *( then le!el (*
2lotti area 1 no lym%hati drainage
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Laryngeal aner
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Larynx f"ntion
Protetion 1 most im%ortant
Phonation
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Phonation
so"nd %rod"tion arises frommo!ement of the tr"e !oal ords Pith
3"ality
*ol"me
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*oal folds
S"%erior & inferior 1 %se"dostrati4eds5"amo"s e%itheli"m
Medial !oal fold 1 non-)eratini6ing
strati4ed s5"amo"s e%itheli"m
7 layers S"%er4ial layer 1 8ein)e9s s%ae 1 fe/
elasti 4bers (ntermediate 1 more elasti 4bers
Dee% 1 fe/ elasti, ollagen 4bers
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$ody Co!er 'heory
Co!er 1 e%itheli"m & 8ein)e9s s%ae
$ody 1 intermediate & dee% layer
Changes in sti:ness or tension in thefold alters the m"osal /a!e
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Myoelasti Aerodynami'heory
Contration of abdominal m"sles
Closed *Cs
8ise in s"bglotti %ress"re
*Cs o%en
De in s"bglotti %ress"re, s")s inthe !oal ords $erno"lli9s e:et.
Clos"re of the *Cs
ori6ontal & !ertial mo!ement of the*Cs 1 m"osal /a!e
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; *oie< =>
?? ;"l@ =B.0 7-B>
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hih of the follo/ing m"slesAbd"t the !oal ordsE
A. Posterior rioarytenoid
$. Lateral rioarytenoid
C. CriothyroidD.(nterarytenoid
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'he inferior bo"ndary of thes"bglottis is the0
A. *estib"lar fold
$. *entrile
C. (nferior border of the thyroidartilage
D.(nferior border of the rioidartilage
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'he !estib"le is the s%ae0
A. $et/een the !oal ords
$. $et/een the tr"e & false !oal ords
C. +xtending "% from the !entrileD.$et/een the e%iglottis &arye%iglotti fold
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'he inferior bo"ndary of the on"selasti"s is the0
A. *estib"lar fold
$. *oal fold
C. Crioid artilageD.'hyroid artilage
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