05-machine-basics.pdf

8/14/2019 05-machine-basics.pdf

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/05-machine-basicspdf 1/45

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1

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! 2AUR! e:6 ,-@/O2.+@G V'N! shark> gcc –m32 hello.c

! CDE(EF!

e:6 646-IO+I 9,@+/@-/! shark> gcc hello.c! shark> gcc –m64 hello.c

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Carnegie Mellon

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'%1'

'%1'

2,*#)3

2,*#)3

>/1=%+'. Kgcc -S M

A55'1@+'. Kgcc /. as M

)%&H'. Kgcc /. ld M

> =./0."1 K p1.c p2.c M

A51 =./0."1 K p1.s p2.s M

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IC'#76"@+' =./0."1 K p M

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3.45OG6 LO,: 1.44@+/( gcc –O1 p1.c p2.c -o p ! a96 M@9O1 .524Of@2.+9 W-O1 X! \0, -690G2+I MO+@-8 O+ lG6 p

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>/1=%+%&0 2&6/ A55'1@+:> >/9' K=OW#Mint sum(int x, int y){

int t = x+y;return t;

}

b'&'."6'9 2AUR A55'1@+:sum:

pushl %ebp movl %esp,%ebp movl 12(%ebp),%eax

addl 8(%ebp),%eax

popl %ebpret

]@6"%& K/& 5$".H 1"#$%&'M \%6$ #/11"&9

gcc –O1 –m32 –S p1.c

-./97#'5 ^+' p1.s

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Carnegie Mellon

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>/9' </. sum

0x08483f4 <sum>:0x550x890xe50x8b0x450x0c0x030x450x080x5d0xc3

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lG69! )%&H'.

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o 8/6"+ /< OO @:6'5

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0x401040

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Carnegie Mellon

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x3 ?6IO9,6- %eaxy3 T64.-8 !k %ebp+8]

t 3 ?6IO9,6- %eax p ?6,0-+ S0+12.+ C@G06 O+%eax

! ]@a'#6 >/9'! %#M8,6 O+9,-012.+! 7,.-6/ @, @//-699

0x80483fa

int t = x+y;

addl 8(%ebp),%eax

0x80483fa: 03 45 08

L%1%+". 6/ 'C=.'55%/&3

x += y!/.' =.'#%5'+:3

int eax;int *ebp;

eax += ebp[2]

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Carnegie Mellon

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X%5"55'1@+'9

X%5"55'1@+%&0 ]@a'#6 >/9'

! X%5"55'1@+'.

objdump -d p! a96S0G ,..G S.- 6V@4O+O+I .MY61, 1./6! R+@G8f69 MO, 5@h6-+ .S 96-O69 .S O+9,-012.+9! \-./0169 @55-.VO4@,6 -6+/O2.+ .S @9964MG8 1./6! 3@+ M6 -0+ .+ 6O,:6- a.out W1.45G6,6 6V610,@MG6X .-.o lG6

080483f4 <sum>:80483f4: 55 push %ebp80483f5: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp80483f7: 8b 45 0c mov 0xc(%ebp),%eax80483fa: 03 45 08 add 0x8(%ebp),%eax

80483fd: 5d pop %ebp80483fe: c3 ret

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Carnegie Mellon

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X%5"55'1@+'9

Dump of assembler code for function sum:0x080483f4 <sum+0>: push %ebp0x080483f5 <sum+1>: mov %esp,%ebp0x080483f7 <sum+3>: mov 0xc(%ebp),%eax0x080483fa <sum+6>: add 0x8(%ebp),%eax0x080483fd <sum+9>: pop %ebp0x080483fe <sum+10>: ret

A+6'.&"6' X%5"55'1@+:

! c%6$%& 09@ X'@700'.

gdb pdisassemble sum! BO9@9964MG6 5-.16/0-6

x/11xb sum! iV@4O+6 ,:6 !! M8,69 9,@-2+I @, sum

]@a'#60x080483f4:

0x550x890xe50x8b0x450x0c0x030x450x080x5d

0xc3

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Carnegie Mellon

21

c$"6 >"& @' X%5"55'1@+'9l

! A&:6$%&0 6$"6 #"& @' %&6'.=.'6'9 "5 'C'#76"@+' #/9'! X%5"55'1@+'. 'C"1%&'5 @:6'5 "&9 .'#/&56.7#65 "55'1@+: 5/7.#'

% objdump -d WINWORD.EXE

WINWORD.EXE: file format pei-i386

No symbols in "WINWORD.EXE".

Disassembly of section .text:30001000 <.text>:30001000: 55 push %ebp30001001: 8b ec mov %esp,%ebp30001003: 6a ff push $0xffffffff

30001005: 68 90 10 00 30 push $0x300010903000100a: 68 91 dc 4c 30 push $0x304cdc91

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Carnegie Mellon

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8/9":3 !"#$%&' -./0."11%&0 23 4"5%#5

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Carnegie Mellon

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2&6'0'. B'0%56'.5 K2AURM

%eax%ecx

%edx

%ebx

%esi

%edi

%esp

%ebp

%ax

%cx

%dx

%bx

%si

%di

%sp

%bp

%ah

%ch

%dh

%bh

%al

%cl

%dl

%bl

OE(@%6 *%.67"+ .'0%56'.5K@"#H\".95 #/1="J@%+%6:M

0 ' & ' . "

+ = 7 . = / 5 '

accumulate

counter

data

base

sourceindex

destinationindex

stack pointer

base pointer

].%0%&K1/56+: /@5/+'6'M

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Carnegie Mellon

24

!/*%&0 X"6"3 2AUR! !/*%&0 X"6"

movl 6-7)8% ?&%+' 3

! ]='."&9 8:='5! 9$$%:,#'%; 3.+9,@+, O+,6I6- /@,@

! iV@45G6($0x400 ?$-533 ! ;OK6 3 1.+9,@+,< M0, 5-6lV6/ LO,: ‘$’! i+1./6/ LO,: !< $< .- b M8,69

! <%5,+'%); D+6 .S ' O+,6I6- -6IO9,6-9! iV@45G6(%eax, %edx! A0, %esp @+/ %ebp -696-C6/ S.- 9561O@G 096! D,:6-9 :@C6 9561O@G 0969 S.- 5@-210G@- O+9,-012.+9

! .%$-)3; b 1.+96102C6 M8,69 .S 464.-8 @, @//-699 IOC6+ M8 -6IO9,6-! 7O45G69, 6V@45G6((%eax)!

[email protected] .,:6- ^@//-699 4./69`

%eax%ecx%edx%ebx%esi

%edi%esp%ebp

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g

25

movl ]='."&9 >/1@%&"J/&5

=#**-' :- $%$-)3>$%$-)3 ')#*+?%) @,'A # +,*5B% ,*+')78C-*

movl

9$$

<%5

.%$

<%5

.%$

<%5

.%$

<%5

L/7.#' X'56 > A&"+/0

movl $0x4,%eax temp = 0x4;

movl $-147,(%eax) *p = -147;

movl %eax,%edx temp2 = temp1;

movl %eax,(%edx) *p = temp;

movl (%eax),%edx temp = *p;

L.#?X'56

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g

26

L%1=+' !'1/.: A99.'55%&0 !/9'5

! j/.1"+ KBM !'1kB'0kBmm! ?6IO9,6- ? 9561Ol69 464.-8 @//-699! R:@Z \.O+,6- /6-6S6-6+1O+I O+ 3

movl (%ecx),%eax

! X%5=+"#'1'&6 XKBM !'1kB'0kBmnXm! ?6IO9,6- ? 9561Ol69 9,@-, .S 464.-8 -6IO.+! 3.+9,@+, /O95G@1646+, B 9561Ol69 .U96,

movl 8(%ebp),%edx

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g

27

IC"1=+' /< L%1=+' A99.'55%&0 !/9'5

void swap(int *xp, int *yp){

int t0 = *xp;int t1 = *yp;*xp = t1;

*yp = t0;} 4/9:

L'6_=

V%&%5

swap:

pushl %ebp movl %esp,%ebp pushl %ebx

movl 8(%ebp), %edx

movl 12(%ebp), %eax movl (%edx), %ecx movl (%eax), %ebx movl %ebx, (%edx) movl %ecx, (%eax)

popl %ebx popl %ebp

ret

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_5%&0 L%1=+' A99.'55%&0 !/9'5


int t0 = *xp;int t1 = *yp;*xp = t1;

*yp = t0;}

swap:

pushl %ebp movl %esp,%ebp pushl %ebx

movl 8(%ebp), %edx

movl 12(%ebp), %eax movl (%edx), %ecx movl (%eax), %ebx movl %ebx, (%edx) movl %ecx, (%eax)

popl %ebx popl %ebp

ret

4/9:

L'6_=

V%&%5

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29

_&9'.56"&9%&0 L\"=


int t0 = *xp;int t1 = *yp;*xp = t1;*yp = t0;

}

L6"#HK%& 1'1/.:M

B'0%56'. `"+7'

%edx xp

%eax yp%ecx t0%ebx t1

yp

xp

B6& "9.

]+9 o ebp %ebp04

8

12

]d5'6

p

pp

]+9 o ebx -4 %esp

movl 8(%ebp), %edx # edx = xp movl 12(%ebp), %eax # eax = yp movl (%edx), %ecx # ecx = *xp (t0) movl (%eax), %ebx # ebx = *yp (t1) movl %ebx, (%edx) # *xp = t1 movl %ecx, (%eax) # *yp = t0

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_&9'.56"&9%&0 L\"=

0x120

0x124

B6& "9.

%ebp 04

8

12

]d5'6

-4

123

456

A99.'550x124

0x120

0x11c

0x118

0x114

0x110

0x10c

0x108

0x104

0x100

yp

xp

%eax

%edx

%ecx

%ebx

%esi

%edi

%esp

%ebp 0x104 movl 8(%ebp), %edx # edx = xp movl 12(%ebp), %eax # eax = yp movl (%edx), %ecx # ecx = *xp (t0) movl (%eax), %ebx # ebx = *yp (t1) movl %ebx, (%edx) # *xp = t1 movl %ecx, (%eax) # *yp = t0



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32

_&9'.56"&9%&0 L\"=

0x120

0x124

B6& "9.

%ebp 04

8

12

]d5'6

-4

123

456

A99.'550x124

0x120

0x11c

0x118

0x114

0x110

0x10c

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0x100

yp

xp

%eax

%edx

%ecx

%ebx

%esi

%edi

%esp

%ebp

0x120

0x104

0x124

0x124




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34

_&9'.56"&9%&0 L\"=

0x120

0x124

B6& "9.

%ebp 04

8

12

]d5'6

-4

123

456

A99.'550x124

0x120

0x11c

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0x100

yp

xp

%eax

%edx

%ecx

%ebx

%esi

%edi

%esp

%ebp

0x120

0x124

123

0x104

123

456


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35

456

456_&9'.56"&9%&0 L\"=

0x120

0x124

B6& "9.

%ebp 04

8

12

]d5'6

-4

A99.'550x124

0x120

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yp

xp

%eax

%edx

%ecx

%ebx

%esi

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0x120

0x124

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36

_&9'.56"&9%&0 L\"=

0x120

0x124

B6& "9.

%ebp 04

8

12

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-4

456

123

A99.'550x124

0x120

0x11c

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0x100

yp

xp

%eax

%edx

%ecx

%ebx

%esi

%edi

%esp


0x120

0x124

123

456

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37

>/1=+'6' !'1/.: A99.'55%&0 !/9'5! !/56 b'&'."+ V/.1

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! L='#%"+ >"5'5

KB@?B%M !'1kB'0kB@mnB'0kB%mm

XKB@?B%M !'1kB'0kB@mnB'0kB%mnXmKB@?B%?LM !'1kB'0kB@mnLqB'0kB%mm

Carnegie Mellon



38

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Carnegie Mellon



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Carnegie Mellon



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2&56.7#J/&5

! )/&0 \/.9 l KF 4:6'5M s t7"9 \/.9 q KD 4:6'5M

! j'\ %&56.7#J/&53! movl ! movq !

addl !

addq ! sall ! salq ! 6,1=

!

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Carnegie Mellon



44

EF(@%6 #/9' </. +/&0 %&6 5\"=

! EF(@%6 9"6"! B@,@ :6G/ O+ -6IO9,6-9%rdx @+/ %rax ! movq .56-@2.+

! ^j` 9,@+/9 S.- j0@/#L.-/

void swap(long *xp, long *yp){

long t0 = *xp;long t1 = *yp;*xp = t1;*yp = t0;

}

4/9:

L'6_=

V%&%5

swap_l:

movq (%rdi), %rax movq (%rsi), %rdx movq %rdx, (%rdi) movq %rax, (%rsi)

ret

Carnegie Mellon



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