043225 Solar Electric Technologies Harin S. Ullal, Ph.D. National Center for Photovoltaics National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden, Colorado Indian.

043225

Solar ElectricTechnologies

Harin S. Ullal, Ph.D.National Center for Photovoltaics

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Golden, Colorado

Indian Delegation

October 30, 2009

043225

Solar Energy — Clean Energy

• No greenhouse gases

• No air pollution

• No acid rain

• No soil, plant, animal damage

• No human respiratory ailments

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The Concept

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Criteria

• Efficiency

• Cost

• Reliability

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Photovoltaic Technologies

• Crystalline Silicon (Mono, Multi)

• Thin Films (a-Si, CIS, CdTe)

• Concentrators (Si, GaAs)

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PV Efficiencies

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Top Ten PV Companies - 2008

No. Name Technology Country Production (MW)

1 Q-Cells Si Germany 570

2 First Solar CdTe USA 504

3 Suntech Si China 498

4 Sharp Si Japan 473

5 Motech Si Taiwan 384

6 Kyocera Si Japan 290

7 BTY Si China 282

8 JA Solar Si China 277

9 SunPower Si USA 237

10 SolarWorld Si Germany 221

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Major Polysilicon Manufactures

• Wacker - Germany

• Hemlock - USA

• MEMC - USA

• REC Silicon - Norway

• Tokuyama - Japan

• Mitsubishi Materials - Japan

• Sumitomo Titanium - Japan

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Concentrator PV Technologies

• Technologies are ready to deliver

• High (200-1000x) and low (2-20x) concentrations

• Systems may require some maintenance, should only be deployed in areas with adequate “direct” solar resource

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Thin Film PV Companies – USA

•a-Si• Uni-Solar – MI

• Applied Materials – CA

• Power Films – IA

• Energy PV – NJ

• MV Systems – CO

• XsunX – CA

• OptiSolar – CA

• Signet Solar – CA

• Nano PV – NJ

• Xunlight – OH

• Proto Flex – CO

• New Solar Ventures – NM

• Solar Thin Films – NJ

• Sencera – NC

•CdTe• First Solar – OH

• Primestar Solar – CO

• AVA Solar – CO

• Calyxo – OH

• Canrom – NY

• Ascentool – CA

• Nuvo Solar Energy – CO

• Zia Watt Solar – TX

• Solexant – CA

• Sunovia Energy – FL

• W&K Solar – OH

• Bloo Solar – CA

• CIS• Global

Solar – AZ

• Miasole – CA

• Energy PV – NJ

• Ascent Solar – CO

• ISET – CA

• Daystar – NY

• Nanosolar – CA

• Heliovolt – TX

• Solo Power – CA

• Solyndra – CA

• RESI – NJ

• Light Solar – NV

• IBM – NY

• JNL Solar – CA

• Telio Solar – CA

• Amelio Solar – CA

•Thin-Si• Innovalight – CA

• Nanogram – CA

• Soltaix – CA

• Crystal Solar – CA

• Parachete Energy – SC

• Ampulse – TN

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Thin Film PV Market Share – USA

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World PV Cell/Module Production –1988-2007 (Megawatts)

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Is There Enough Sunshine toEnergize America?

That’s right! This bright spot covers a circle of Nevada desert about 100 miles across, that if covered with modern PV arrays, would satisfy America’s entire electricity demand.

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Flexible CIGS Modules on Tent

Global Solar

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Thin Film CIGS Facade

Honda

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BIPV and “Special” Product

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1.8 MW – Thin Film CdTe Solar Roof

First Solar / Juwi Solar

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40 MW – Thin Film CdTe Solar Field

First Solar / Juwi Solar

Under Construction

Total Project Price: Euro – 130 MillionPV System Price: Euro – 3.25 / WattsCompletion Date: December 2008

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Thin Film PV Capacity (2009-2012)