1 Rhythm Rhythm is the flow of music through time
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1
Rhythm
Rhythm is the flow of music through time
2
BeatBeats are a regular, recurrent pulsations
that divide music into equal units of time
Beats form the background to which a composer places notes of varying lengths
3
BeatBeats are basic units of time by which all
notes are measured
A note may last a fraction of a beat, an entire beat, or more than one beat
4
MeterThe organization of beats into regular
groups is called metermeter
A group containing a fixed number of beats is called a measuremeasure
5
MeterThere are several types of meter (which
are based on the number of beats per measure) Duple Meter- 2 beats per measure Triple Meter- 3 beats per measure Quadruple Meter- 4 beats per measure
6
MeterThere are more obscure types of meter:
Quintuple Meter- 5 beats per measure Sextuple Meter- 6 beats per measure Septuple Meter- 7 beats per measure
These types of meter are used in more advanced compositions
7
AccentAn important aspect of rhythm is the way
individual notes are stressed
Playing a note louder than the notes around it is called an accent
8
SyncopationSyncopation is when an accented note
comes when we are not expecting it
Syncopation is a characteristic of jazz
9
TempoThe speed of the beat is known as tempo
Fast tempos are associated with a feeling of energy and drive
Slow tempos contribute to solemn, lyrical or calm moods
10
Tempo IndicationsLargo- very slowGrave- very slow
solemnAdagio- slowAndante- moderately
slow, a walking paceModerato- moderate
Allegretto- moderately fast
Allegro- fastVivace- livelyPresto- very fastPrestissimo- as fast
as possible
Tempo markings are approximate indications of what how a composer wants his music to be played.
11
Changes in TempoThe same tempo is not always used
throughout the pieceA gradual quickening of pace is called an
accelerando
A gradual slowing of tempo is called a ritardando
12
MetronomeSince about 1816, composers have been
able to give exact tempo indications with the use of a metronome.
A metronome is a device that produces ticking noises or flashes of light at any desired musical speed.
13
George Gershwin (1898-1937)
I Got Rhythm (1930) Pervasive syncopations give a jazzy feeling
to the song. In the opening rhythmic pattern to the words
“I got rhythm”, a syncopation occurs on the word “I”.
This song is written in duple meter, two beats per measure.
14
George Gershwin (1898-1937)
I Got Rhythm (1930) Pervasive syncopations give a jazzy feeling
to the song. In the opening rhythmic pattern to the words
“I got rhythm”, a syncopation occurs on the word “I”.
This song is written in duple meter, two beats per measure.
15
Dave Brubeck (1920- )Unsquare Dance (1961)
This song is in septuple meter, 7 beats per measure
The septuple meter can be divided into 2 groups of 2 beats and 1 group of 3 beats. (1-2, 1-2, 1-2-3) instead of 1-2-3-4-5-6-7.
16
Dave Brubeck (1920- )Unsquare Dance (1961)
This song is in septuple meter, 7 beats per measure
The septuple meter can be divided into 2 groups of 2 beats and 1 group of 3 beats. (1-2, 1-2, 1-2-3) instead of 1-2-3-4-5-6-7.
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