Name_________________________________ LATIN LEVEL 1 everything else pronouns – prepositions – adjectives – adverbs - conjunctions Contents Page 2 NOUNS introduction 3-7 CASES 8-12 PUELLA - 1 st declension – subject and object, singular and plural 13 PUELLA – vocabulary crossword 14-21 PUELLA – 1 st declension – all cases 22-30 DOMINUS – 2 nd declension – subject and object 31-37 DOMINUS - 2 nd declension – all cases 38 PUER – 2 nd declension –er 39-46 BELLUM – 2 nd declension neuter – all cases 47 TABLES 48 VOCABULARY
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ContentsPage2 NOUNS introduction3-7 CASES8-12 PUELLA - 1st declension – subject and object, singular and plural13 PUELLA – vocabulary crossword14-21 PUELLA – 1st declension – all cases22-30 DOMINUS – 2nd declension – subject and object31-37 DOMINUS - 2nd declension – all cases38 PUER – 2nd declension –er39-46 BELLUM – 2nd declension neuter – all cases47 TABLES48 VOCABULARY
FORM 6 – PRONOUNS – THE BASICS
1.ENGLISH PRO-NOUNS
A pro-noun takes the place of a noun. ‘The king’ would become ‘he’.
A personal pro-noun is used for people and things: words like I, you, him, she, it.
Replace the crossed-out nouns with a pronoun.
1.The king yawned. The king looked out of the window = The king yawned. ______ looked out of the window.
2.The girls laughed when the girls saw the boy fall over = The girls laughed when ______ saw the boy fall over.
3.The girl sailed so fast that the girl won the race = The girl sailed so fast that __________ won the race.
4.The car was so fast that the car always won = The car was so fast that ________ always won.
5.After the boy had eaten a whale, the boy exploded = After the boy had eaten a whale, _____ exploded.
Fill in the blanks with a good pronoun.
1.“_____ am very angry with you,” said the postman to the dog who had just eaten his lunch.
2.“_____ are very pleased with the season,” said the Leicester fans.
3.”______ are a very naughty boy!” said the boy to the puppy as it peed in his shoe.
4.“______ are very clever boys,” said the teacher to Form 6.
5.”Help _______!” shouted the drowning man.
6.”Leave ______ alone!” said the teacher as he stopped some pupils annoying another pupil.
7.”Cats are ____ favourite animal,” said Anton.
8.”Bananas are _______ favourite fruit,” said the monkeys as they chomped a banana plant.
9.”Is that ______ baby?” said the man to a woman pushing a pram. [Lots of right answers for this one]
10.”That’s ______ money!” said the boy. [Lots of right answers]
Circle the pronouns in this box. There are 12.
Frog Banana He Karate Shoot Me And My
You Them Orangutan Towards His SwordDive Us
Their King Your She Pooperscooper WeDogIt Gun Fun They Tomato Her Nose
What pronoun goes with each picture?
2. LATIN PRO-NOUNS
‘I’ ‘You’ We You [pl]
NOM EGO I TU You (s) [subj] NOS We VOS You (pl) [subj]
ACC ME Me TE You (s) [obj] NOS Us VOS You (pl) [obj]
If I have a big EGO I think I’m special
French style
Latin French Latin French Latin French Latin French
NOM EGO Je TU Tu NOS Nous VOS Vous
ACC ME Me TE Te NOS Nous VOS Vous
Try a bit of French
Tu me vois = you see me Je te vois = _____ see ________ Nous allons = ____ go
Tu nous vois = ______ see _____ Je vous vois = ___ see ________ Vous allez = _________________
NB you don’t need to write ‘EGO AMO = I love’ because ‘AMO’ already means ‘I love’.
You would use EGO if you wanted to emphasise that I am doing the loving, not someone else
Circle the correct answers
1. I love the girl = [ego/me/tu] puellam amo 7.YOU (PL) eat food = [tu/te/vos] cibum consumitis
2.The girl loves me = puella [ego/me/te] amat 8. The girl sees you (pl) = puella [vos/tu/te] videt
3. YOU (S) love the girl = [tu/te/vos] puellam amas 9.YOU (S) like me = [tu/te/vos] [ego/me/te] amas
4. The girl loves you (s) = puella [tu/te/vos] amat 10.I like you (s) = [ego/me/tu] [tu/te/me] amas
5. WE love the girl = [nos/vos/tu] puellam amamus 11.YOU (PL) like us = [tu/te/vos] [nos/vos/ne] amatis
6. The girl looks for us = puella [nos/vos/me] petit 12.WE like you (pl) = [nos/vos/te] [tu/te/vos] amamus
Translate the sentences
1.puella me amat _____________________________ 5.ego puellam amo _________________________________
2.puella te amat ______________________________ 6.tu puellam amas _________________________________
3.puella nos amat _____________________________ 7.nos puellam amamus ______________________________
4.puella vos amat _____________________________ 8.vos puellam amatis________________________________
9.cur regina non me amat? _________________________________________________________________________
10.quod tu non bene curris ________________________________________________________________________
11.ego te amo sed tu non me amas__________________________________________________________________
12.tu me oppugnas et ego te vulnero________________________________________________________________
13.nos vos pugnamus et vos nos necatis______________________________________________________________
14.The girl watches me = puella _____ spectat 16.The girl watches us = _____________________________
15.The girl watches you (s) = puella _____ spectat 17.The girl watches you (pl) = _________________________
Prepositions F6: to, with and in/into
1.‘to’
If you can replace ‘to’ with ‘towards’, use ad + accusative
Giving etc.: DATIVE – motion not important Going: AD + ACCUSATIVE – motion main idea
I give a banana to the girl I walk to-wards the girl
bananam puellae do ad puellam ambulo
1.I give a spear to the sailor = hastam [nautae/ad nautam] do
2.I hurry to the sailor = [nautae/ad nautam] festino
3.I give an arrow to the farmer = sagittam [agricolae/ad agricolam] do
4.I run to the farmer = [agricolae/ad agricolam] curro
5.I show a banana to the poets = bananam [poetis/ad poetas] ostendo
6.I walk to the poets = [poetis/ad poetas] ambulo
7.I offer a chicken to the inhabitants = pullem [incolis/ad incolas] offero
8.I sail to the inhabitants = [incolis/ad incolas] navigo
9.I hand a potato over to the girl = terraepomum [puellae/ad puellam] trado
10.I charge to the girl = [puellae/ad puellam] ruo
2.’with’
If ‘with’ means ‘in the company of’, use cum + ablative
‘With’: ABLATIVE [rare with people] ‘In the company of’: CUM + ABLATIVE [rare with things]
I wound the sailor with spears I walk with the girl
nautam hastis vulnero cum puella ambulo
This is technically the ‘ablative of instrument’, i.e. you wound the sailor WITH an instrument.
1.We are walking with the small horse = [equo/cum equo] parvo ambulamus
2.We beat the slave with the small horse = servum [equo/cum equo] parvo verberamus
3.We are playing with the girl = [puella/cum puella] ludimus
4.We are hitting a tree with the girl = arborem [puella/cum puella] verberamus
5.We are hitting the slave with a spear = servum [hasta/cum hasta] verberamus
6.We are talking with friends = [amicis/cum amicis] dicimus
7.We are wounding the sailors with arrows = nautas [sagittis/cum sagittis] vulneramus
8.We are eating food with the messengers = cibum [nuntiis/cum nuntiis] consumimus
9.We are killing the bad men with swords = viros malos [gladiis/cum gladiis] necamus
10.We are escaping with our friends = [amicis/cum amicis] nostris effugimus
3.’in/into’
In + ablative = in/on In + accusative = into/onto
Easiest way to remember:
Object [accusative] endings: AM UM AS OS
ACC in aquam = into water in murum = into the wall in agros = into the fields in vias = onto the roads
ABL in aqua = in water in muro = in the wall in agris = in the fields in viis = on the roads
Circle the correct answer [use above for help]:
1.The girl is running in the water = puella [in aquam/in aqua] currit
2.The girl is running into the water = puella [in aquam/in aqua] currit
3.The boy is running into the wall = puer [in murum/in muro] currit
4.The boy is running on the wall = puer [in murum/in muro] currit
5.The horse is walking in the fields = equus [in agros/in agris] ambulat
6.The horse is walking into the fields = equus [in agros/in agris] ambulat
7.The men are hurrying onto the roads = viri [in vias/in viis] festinant
8.The men are hurrying on the roads = viri [in vias/in viis] festinant
9.Superman is flying into the sky = Supervir [in caelum/in caelo] volat
10.Superman is flying in the sky = Supervir [in caelum/in caelo] volat
Translate:
1.puella in insulam currit = _______________________________________________________________________
2.puella in insula manet = ________________________________________________________________________
3.puella in aqua manet = _________________________________________________________________________
4.regina in oppidum festinat = _____________________________________________________________________
5.regina in loco dormit = _________________________________________________________________________
6.regina in locum ambulat = _______________________________________________________________________
7.equus in agris stat = ____________________________________________________________________________
Prepositions – Level One
Prepositions + abl E/ex Out from Contra Against Trans AcrossA/ab From, by De Down from, about In Into, ontoCum With Prepositions + acc Per Through, alongIn In, on Ad Towards Prope Near
Usually these show you position. Examples in English:
Among With Near Towards From Across NearFar from
In On Under Above Before Over Into Onto ThroughAt
After By Against Around Along Down from In front of BehindWithout
Think of English prepositions to go with the pictures
Note some prepositions aren’t actually about position:
about on behalf of because of on account of after before
Pre-positions: 1. Position – usually tells you where something is
2. ‘Pre’ – comes BEFORE the noun
Fill in the gap with a sensible pre-position (in English)
The cat sat ________ the mat
The dog peed __________ the tree
The man jumped __________ the sea
The man hid __________ the table
The boy hid _____________ the fridge
The woman walked ________ her son
The girl was hit ______ a banana
The submarine went _________ the sea
Superman flew _________ the mountains
The parkour guy jumped __________ the wall
The rugby player ran _________ his opponent
The man walked ______________ the shops
Latin Prepositions - derivations
Prepositions + abl E/ex Out from Contra Against Trans AcrossA/ab From, by De Down from, about In Into, ontoCum With Prepositions + acc Per Through, alongIn In, on Ad Towards Prope Near
A lot of English words use Latin prepositions for some of their meaning. Join each Latin Preposition up to the word that comes from it, and to the right meaning.
sub advert Something that goes UNDER the sea
de submarine Something that you look TOWARDS
per contradict To go DOWN
ad descend To speak AGAINST someone else
contra Perspex A type of plastic that you look THROUGH
trans ejector seat A race ACROSS America
in TransAm A Latin case name that means FROM or BY
e, ex inject A seat that throws (-ject) you OUT of the car
a, ab Ablative To throw (-iect) IN
Ways to remember some of the prepositions:
Cum ‘cum’ WITH me Prope ‘Prop’e a ladder NEAR the window
Ad ‘Ad’ sugar TO coffee‘Ad’ x to y
Ab Mamma Mia is a song BY ‘Ab’ba
Trans ‘Trans’port carries stuff ACROSS countries
Ex ‘Ex’port carries stuff OUT OF a country
Per ‘Per’spex lets you see THROUGH a window
Contra ‘Contra’dict is to speak AGAINST what someone’s said
Latin prepositions in use
In Latin: 1. Every preposition goes before the noun
2. Every preposition is followed by an Accusative or an Ablative noun
A.Prepositions + ablative
Prepositions with ablative usually imply MOTION AWAY FROM or STAYING IN A PLACE
A/ab From, by In In, on E/ex Out from, out of De Down from, about Cum With
the rat (acc) = RATT____ = FELES ___ RATT____ CURRIT
The cat swims THROUGH THE WATER
Through the water: Through = _______ + accusative
the water (acc) + AQU____ = FELES _____ AQU____ NATAT
The cat is NEAR THE WATER
Near the water: Near = ________ + accusative
the water (acc) = AQU_____ = FELES ______ AQU____ EST
The cat fights AGAINST THE CHICKEN [pulla = chicken]
Against the chicken: Against = _________ + accusative
the chicken (acc) = PULL____ = FELES _______ PULL____ PUGNAT
The cat walks ACROSS THE ROAD
Across the road: Across = __________ + accusative
the road (acc) = VI______ = FELES _______ VI____ AMBULAT
The cat descends INTO THE WATER
Into the water: Into = ______ + accusative
the water (acc) = AQU_____ = FELES ____ AQU____ DESCENDIT
Circle the correct answer in each of the following:
1.into the water = [in aqua/in aquam/ad aquam] 6.across the road = [per viam/trans viam/ad viam]
2.onto the wall = [in muro/in muros/in murum] 7.towards land = [per terram/in terram/ad terram]
3.through the water = [trans aquam/in aquam/ad aquam] 8.along the road = [per viam/trans viam/ad viam]
4.towards the island = [ad insulam/in insulam/per insulam] 9.near the water = [in aquam/prope aquam/per aquam]
5.against the man = [prope virum/contra virum/ad virum] 10.against cows = [contra vaccas/ad vaccas/in vaccas]
Translate each of the sentences:
1.He walks towards the girl = ___ PUELL____ AMBULAT 3.He walks along the road = ______ VI____ AMBULAT
2.He walks towards the girls = ___ PUELL___ AMBULAT 4.He stands near the water = _______ AQU____ STAT
Form 6 Preposition Practice sentences
Prepositions + abl A/ab From, by Cum With In In, on E/ex Out fromDe Down from, about Prepositions + acc Ad Towards Contra Against In Into, ontoPer Through, along Prope Near Trans Across
Note: in + accusative = into/onto in + ablative = in/on
A.Circle the correct answer in each of the following:
1.The cat fights against the rat = feles [contra rattum/de ratto/prope rattum] pugnat
2.The cat sails away from the island = feles [de insula/ab insula/ad insulam] navigat
3.The cat sails towards the island = feles [de insula/ab insula/ad insulam] navigat
4.The man jumps out from the horse = vir [ab equo/ex equo/ad equum] desilit
5.The cat walks with the slave = feles [cum servo/a servo/per servum] ambulat
6.The men walk across the moon = viri [per lunam/trans lunam/in luna] ambulant
7.The mouse lives in the wall = mus [in muro/in murum/prope murum] habitat
8.The mouse runs into the wall = mus [in muro/in murum/prope murum] currit
Latin English Ways to remember Latin English Ways to rememberAltus, a, um High, deep Altitude Novus, a, um New Novel, noveltyBonus, a, um Good Bonus, bonbons are good Parvus, a, um Small A small par-tyClarus, a, um Clear, bright, famous Clarity Perterritus, a, um Scared Per-terrifiedFessus, a, um Tired ‘I’m tired,’ he confessed Pulcher, ra, rum Beautiful PulchritudeIratus, a, um Angry Irate Romanus, a, um RomanLaetus, a, um Happy I’m not happy you’re laete
[late]Sacer, ra, rum Sacred Sac-red
Magnus, a, um Big Magnum, magnify Saevus, a, um Savage SaevageMalus, a, um Bad Ca va mal?, malign Suus, a, um His her its their Su [Sp], I’ll sue his dadMeus, a, um My It’s me [my] bike Tutus, a, um Safe Safe with a tutorMiser, era, erum Wretched Miserable Tuus, a, um Your (s) Tu You’re too [tu] goodMultus, a, um Many, much Multiply, multiple Validus, a, um Strong Opposite of invalidNoster, tra, trum Our Pater noster = our Father Vester, ra, rum Your (pl) Put on your vest
Don’t pick our nostrils Notus, a, um Well known Notable
1.Join each of these words to the correct derivation in English:
Altus, a, um Bonbon Measures your height/depthBonus, a, um Altimeter A good, good thing [French for a sweet]Magnus, a, um Maleficent To make biggerClarus, a, um Magnify Doing bad things [often used of witches]Malus, a, um Clarify Worthy of note, well-knownMiser, era, erum Notable To make clearMultus, a, um Novelty Prettiness, beautyNotus, nota, notum Miserable A new thingNovus, a, um Pulchritude Not strong, sometimes used of disabled peoplePulcher, chra, chrum Invalid To increase many timesValidus, a, um Multiply Not happy at all
2.Draw a picture for each of these Latin phrases.
Vir saevus = a savage man Puella parva = a small girl
Puer malus = a bad/evil boy Femina bona = the good woman
Basic rule:
ALL LATIN ADJECTIVES COME AFTER THE NOUN
Except – multus, magnus [size/quantity come before noun]
1.Put the right adjective in each space.
suus tuum fessi perterritus laeta miserum
saevi mei nostros mali sacrum bonum
1.The slave desires your food = servus cibum _______ cupit
Remember ALL ADJECTIVES FOLLOW THE NOUN except MULTUS & MAGNUS
Latin English Ways to remember Latin English Ways to rememberAltus, a, um High, deep Altitude Novus, a, um New Novel, noveltyBonus, a, um Good Bonus, bonbons are good Parvus, a, um Small A small par-tyClarus, a, um Clear, bright, famous Clarity Perterritus, a, um Scared Per-terrifiedFessus, a, um Tired ‘I’m tired,’ he confessed Pulcher, ra, rum Beautiful PulchritudeIratus, a, um Angry Irate Romanus, a, um RomanLaetus, a, um Happy I’m not happy you’re laete
[late]Sacer, ra, rum Sacred Sac-red
Magnus, a, um Big Magnum, magnify Saevus, a, um Savage SaevageMalus, a, um Bad Ca va mal?, malign Suus, a, um His her its their Su [Sp], I’ll sue his dadMeus, a, um My It’s me [my] bike Tutus, a, um Safe Safe with a tutorMiser, era, erum Wretched Miserable Tuus, a, um Your (s) Tu You’re too [tu] goodMultus, a, um Many, much Multiply, multiple Validus, a, um Strong Opposite of invalidNoster, tra, trum Our Pater noster = our Father Vester, ra, rum Your (pl) Put on your vest
Don’t pick our nostrils Notus, a, um Well known Notable
Circle the correct answers. Use the table on the previous page
1.The good slave helps the tired master = servus [bonus/malus/fessus] dominum [bonum/malum/fessum] iuvat
2.The good master helps the tired slave = dominus [bonus/bonum/bono] servum [bonus/bonum/bono] iuvat
3.The bad men kill the small horses = viri [mali/malos/malas] equos [parvi/parvos/parvas] necant
4.The small boys fear the big women = pueri [parvi/parvae/parva] [magnas/magnos/magna] feminas timent
5.Many women attack the bad queens = [multi/multae/multus] feminae reginas [malas/malos/malus] oppugnant
6.Many slaves attack the bad messengers = [multi/multae/multus] servi nuntios [malas/malos/malis] oppugnant
7.Many sailors attack the bad sailors = [multi/multae/multus] agricolae nautas [malas/malos/malus] oppugnant
8.The bad poets fear the angry inhabitants = poetae [malae/mali/malo] incolas [iratas/iratos/irato] timent
Fill in the blanks. Use the table on the previous page
1.The famous queen fears the savage men = REGINA __________ VIROS _____________ TIMET
2.The well known teacher loves the pretty woman = MAGISTER ____________ FEMINAM ______________ AMAT
3.My slaves are beating your [s] slaves = SERVI ___________ SERVOS ___________ SUPERANT
4.The tired horses inhabit a small island = EQUI ___________ INSULAM ______________ HABITANT
5.The wretched boy holds a big sword = PUER ___________ ____________ GLADIUM TENET
6.The scared men run into the sacred temple = VIRI ______________ IN TEMPLUM ____________ CURRUNT
7.Your [pl] teacher scares our boys = MAGISTER ___________ PUEROS _______________ TERRET
LEVEL ONE Adjectives Nouns 1 Feminine Unus One Rogo I askAltus, a, um High, deep Ancilla Maidservant Duo Two Specto I watchBonus, a, um Good Aqua Water Tres Three Sto I stand
Clarus Clear, bright, famous Dea Goddess Quattuor Four Supero I overcomeFessus, a, um Tired Femina Woman Quinque Five Voco I callIratus, a, um Angry Filia Daughter Sex Six 2 Deleo I destroyLaetus, a, um Happy Hasta Spear Septem Seven Habeo I haveMagnus, a, um Big Insula Island Octo Éight Iubeo I orderMalus, a, um Bad Ira Anger Novem Nine Maneo I remainMeus, a, um My Patria Native land Decem Ten Moneo I warnMiser, era, erum Wretched Pecunia Money Numbers Ordinal Moveo I moveMultus, a, um Many Puella Girl Primus First Respondeo I answerNoster, tra, trum Our Regina Queen Secundus Second Rideo I laughNotus, a, um Well known Sagitta Arrow Tertius Third Teneo I holdNovus, a, um New Terra Land Quartus Fourth Terreo I frightenParvus, a, um Small Turba Crowd Quintus Fifth Timeo I fearPerterritus, a, um Scared Unda Wave Sextus sixth Video I seePulcher, ra, rum Beautiful Via Way, street Septimus Seventh 3 Bibo I drinkRomanus, a, um Roman *Agricola m. Farmer Octavus Eighth Constituo I decideSacer, ra, rum Sacred *Incola m/f. Inhabitant Nonus Ninth Consumo I eatSaevus, a, um Savage *Nauta m. Sailor Decimus Tenth Curro I runSuus, a, um His her their *Poeta m. Poet Particles Dico I sayTutus, a, um Safe Nouns 2 Masculine Etiam Also, even Discedo I departTuus, a, um Your (s) Ager Field Prepositions + abl Duco I leadValidus, a, um Strong Amicus Friend A/ab From, by Lego I read, chooseVester, ra, rum Your (pl) Cibus Food Cum With Ludo I playAdverbs Deus God In In, on Mitto I sendBene Well Dominus Master E/ex Out from Ostendo I showDeinde Then. Next Equus Horse De Down from, about Pono I putDiu For a long time Filius Son Prepositions + acc Rego I ruleFortiter Bravely Gladius Sword Ad Towards Scribo I writeHic Here Liber Book Contra Against 4 Audio I hearIam Now, already Locus Place In Into, onto Dormio I sleepIbi There Magister Teacher, Master Per Through, along Venio I comeIterum Again Murus Wall Prope Near 3.5 Capio I takeMagnopere Greatly Nuntius Messenger Trans Across Cupio I desireMox Soon Puer Boy Verbs Facio I make, doNon Not Servus Slave 1 Aedifico I build Iacio I throwNumquam Never Socius Ally Ambulo I walk *Absum I am awayOlim Once Ventus Wind Amo I love *Adsum I am presentSaepe Often Vir Man Canto I sing *Sum I amSemper Always Nouns 2 Neuter Clamo I shout PronounsSic Thus Aurum Gold Do I give Ego/me I/meStatim Immediately Auxilium Help Festino I hurry Tu/te You (s)Subito Suddenly Bellum War Habito I live Nos We/usTamen However Caelum Sky Intro I enter, go in Vos You (pl)Tandem At last Oppidum Town Laboro I work Question WordsConjunctions Periculum Danger Laudo I praise Cur? Why?Et And Proelium Battle Navigo I sail -ne? = ‘?’Igitur Therefore Scutum Shield Neco I kill Quid? What?Itaque And so Templum Temple Oppugno I attack Quis? Who?Quod Because Verbum Word Paro I prepare Ubi? Where?Sed But Vinum Wine Porto I carryUbi When Numbers Cardinal Pugno I fightO/M, S, T, MUS, TIS, NT ERAM I was -RE To… NOMINATIVE, VOCATIVEI, ISTI, IT, IMUS, ISTIS, ERUNT AM-A(TE), MON-E(TE), REG-E AMAVI, DELEVI, AUDIVI, ACCUSATIVE, GENITIVE-BAM I was …ing (-ITE), AUD-I(TE), CAP-E (-ITE) MONUI, REXI (REGSI), CEPI DATIVE, ABLATIVE