Mar 26, 2015
-Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen-1895
-Electrical discharges in a vacuum tube
-Caused a phosphoric screen to fluoresce
-Formed an image of bone
-First x-ray photograph of wife’s hand/ring
One year later British doctors were already using x-ray imaging.
Prolonged exposure to x-rays caused tissue burns.
Wounds were abnormal- took time before appearing.
-The energy of a light-wave is carried by packets called
photons
-The energy of a photon depends on the light’s
wavelength
-Smaller wavelengths have larger energies
1 eV = 1.602x10-19 Joules
Need 56,000,000,000, 000,000,000,000 eV to
cook an egg.
Photon energies are usually given in units of electron
volts (eV)
X-ray tube consists of the following major parts1- Filament: made from tungsten wire which is heated
electrically at a potential difference of 8 to 12 V to a high temperature so that electrons ‘boiled off’ from its surface. These electrons form the tube beam.
The filament is located within a negatively charged nickel cathode which is shaped so that a precise beam geometry is obtained.
2- Cathode: this houses the filament and is manufactured from nickel . The filament is located within a cup having sharp contoured edges which electrostatically focus the electron beam.
The cathode cup is independently supplied with a high negative voltage
3- Anode: is manufacture from tungsten (high melting metal). Dental units and small mobile X-ray units use stationary or fixed anode design. The most efficient design however uses a rotating-disk anode which enables higher X-ray output owing to more effective cooling.
X-ray Image
Two Forks,
Ball pin,
and teeth brush in
the intestine