OBSERVATIONS
OBSERVATIONS
ACCURATE OBSERVATIONS ARE NECESSARY
To discriminate similar objects
To make careful estimations To make precise measurements
To create models
Observation details may be measureable (made with
measuring tools), observable (made using
senses), or both.
MEASURABLE • In scientific investigation, data
should be collected, recorded, analyzed, and reported through appropriate METRIC measurement and tools.
• Measurements must be ACCURATE.
• ALL scientific measurements are in METRIC UNITS!
MEASUREMENT TOOLSMetric rulerUsed to measure length
Base unit – meter
In class, mainly centimeters (cm)
To write, use whole number on the left, decimal, and then count small marks.
LET’S PRACTICE!
0.3 cm
1.0 cm
1.5 cm
2.7 cm
4.3 cm
Triple Beam Balance
Used to measure mass
Base unit – gram
In class, mainly use gram (g)
To write, read each beam in numerical order
LIKE THIS-1st, read 100’s place (ex- 100)
2nd, read 10’s (Ex- 30)
Finally, read 1’s, just like the metric ruler (Ex- 5.7)
Combine to get the answer 135.7g
Graduated Cylinder
Used to measure volume
Base unit – literIn class, mainly use milliliters (ml)
To read, leave on level surface and look straight at cylinder, determine the scale (what are you counting by), and read at the bottom of the meniscus.
MORE PRACTICE
12 ml 16 ml
14 ml 14 ml
*Be sure to find interval first!!
Thermometer
Used to measure temperature
Base unit – Celsius
In class, use Celsius (C)
To read, determine interval and go straight across.
ONE MORE TIME!
18 C 0 C -8 C 30 C
DATA• Data should be collected, recorded,
analyzed, and reported.• Data should be organized and
communicated through appropriate graphical representation.
LET’S DO A SURVEY
OBSERVABLE
tasting
smelling
seeingtouching
hearing
QUALITATIVE VS QUANTITATIVE
Qualitative- relating to or involving quality or kind
Quantitative- related to , expressible as, or involving measurement (quantity) (HAS NUMBERS)
Qualitative Quantitative1. The sun is shining. 2. The grass is green.3. The sheep are baaing
and eating daisies.
1. Three sheep are in the grass.
2. One sheep is in the water!
3. Four daisies are growing in the pasture.
MODELSA model is a representation of an object or process
that allows scientists to study something in greater detail.
• Models provide a way of visually representing abstract concepts.
• Models permit students to order events or processes.