未雨绸缪 未雨绸缪 Take precautions before it is too late Revision Grammar Consolidation (Key Words &Expressions) the Key Usage of the Infinitive (the Key Usage.

Module 2 RenaissanceModule 2 Renaissance

— —RevisionRevision

未雨绸缪未雨绸缪Take precautions before it is too lateTake precautions before it is too late

RevisionGrammar

Consolidation

(Key Words &Expressions)

(the Key Usage of the Infinitivethe Key Usage of the Infinitive)

•RevisionRevision Key Words Key Words &Expressions&Expressions

• 汉译英汉译英• 1.1. 以…为基础以…为基础 • 2.2. 开始生效开始生效 • 3.3. 见效；奏效见效；奏效 • 4.4. 依赖；依靠依赖；依靠 • 5.5. 忘记携带…忘记携带… • 6.6. 代表…代表… .. 利益利益 • 7.7. 不仅仅不仅仅 • 8.8. 你认为如何？你认为如何？ • 9.9. 遗漏遗漏 • 10.10. 出发去某地出发去某地• 11.11. 在阴暗在阴暗 // 阴凉处阴凉处 • 12.12. 落后落后

be based on…

come into effect

take effect

depend on ; rely on ; count on leave sth. behind

leave out

in the shade

fall behind

more than =not only

on behalf of

leave for

What do you reckon?

英译汉英译汉 1. renaissance 1. renaissance 2. dull 2. dull 3. Medieval3. Medieval 4. rural4. rural 5. cathedral 5. cathedral 6. profession 6. profession 7. anecdote 7. anecdote 8. burglar 8. burglar 9. parcel9. parcel10. fundamental 10. fundamental 11. Bible 11. Bible 12. calculate12. calculate

• Everyday EnglishEveryday English

1)a mother to be means1)a mother to be means

2)a fair bit means2)a fair bit means

3)complete rubbish means3)complete rubbish means

4)thinking hard means4)thinking hard means

5)She 5)She has the whole world on her has the whole world on her shouldersshoulders

meansmeans she has a lot of problems.

concentrating ( 集中注意力思考）

stupid ideas （毫无意义的 )

quite a lot （相当多的）

a woman who is going to have a baby （即将成为人母）

True or falseTrue or false1. 1. Telling you the truth, I told a lie.Telling you the truth, I told a lie.

2. The ice is too thin for us to walk . 2. The ice is too thin for us to walk .

3. We listened to the old man to tell 3. We listened to the old man to tell his story. his story.

4. Why not to ask the teacher? 4. Why not to ask the teacher?

5. He wanted nothing but stay there.5. He wanted nothing but stay there.

To tell

onon／／＼＼

toto＼＼／

Module 2Module 2

GrammarGrammar the Key Usage of the Infinitivethe Key Usage of the Infinitive

• Forms and voices of Forms and voices of the infinitivethe infinitive

语态 语态 时态时态

主动语态主动语态 被动语态被动语态

一般式一般式

完成式完成式

进行式进行式 不考虑不考虑

完成进行式完成进行式 不考虑不考虑

to do

to have done

to be doing

to have been done

to have been doing

to be done

What roles does the Infinitive What roles does the Infinitive

play ?play ?

DiscussionDiscussion

•Your job is Your job is to clean the floorto clean the floor

•He has an important meeting He has an important meeting to to attend.attend.

•To master a foreign languageTo master a foreign language is is necessary for a college student.necessary for a college student.

•The teacher told us to The teacher told us to pay more pay more attention to our studyattention to our study

• He was often heard He was often heard to singto sing . .

•He came to the school He came to the school to see his to see his son.son.

•She promised She promised to give him a to give him a chance.chance.

不定式的重要语法功能主语 the Subject 表语 the Predicative宾语 the Object

定语 the Attribute

主补 / 宾补… complement 状语 the adverbial

作主语作主语

1.1.To master a foreign languageTo master a foreign language is is necessary for a college student.necessary for a college student.

2.It’s good manners 2.It’s good manners to help people to help people in trouble.in trouble.

•(MET’91) (MET’91) When and where to build thWhen and where to build the new factory e new factory ＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿ yetyet ．．

AA ．． is not decided Bis not decided B ．． are not decided are not decided CC ．． has not decided Dhas not decided D ．． have not decidedhave not decided

(MET’89) (MET’89) Is Is ＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿ necessary to conecessary to complete the design before National Day﹖mplete the design before National Day﹖

AA ．． this Bthis B ．． thatthat

C. it DC. it D ．． hehe

小试牛刀小试牛刀

作定语作定语 He has an important meeting He has an important meeting to attend. to attend. He was the first He was the first to come to school.to come to school.

I’m going to the supermarket. I’m going to the supermarket. ?1?1 Have you got anything _________?Have you got anything _________??2?2 I have something _______. I have something _______. A. bought B. to be bought A. bought B. to be bought C. to buy D. being boughtC. to buy D. being bought

BC

细思量细思量

•易错题易错题 (( 作定语作定语 ))1.The ice is too thin for us to _______.1.The ice is too thin for us to _______. A. walk on. B. walk A. walk on. B. walk

C. walking D. walk inC. walking D. walk in

2.I want to seek for a room to 2.I want to seek for a room to ________.________.

A.A.live B live in live B live in C. living D. lived C. living D. lived Vi

------------

------------

链接高考链接高考• There are five pairs ______, but I’m at a lThere are five pairs ______, but I’m at a l

oss which to buy.(oss which to buy.( 上海上海 1999)1999)

　　　　 A. to be chosen B. to choose from A. to be chosen B. to choose from

　　　　 C. to choose D. for choosingC. to choose D. for choosing

• It seems that he has no pen ______.It seems that he has no pen ______.

　　　　 (( 北京 北京 2003 2003 春春 ))

　　　　 A. to write B. to write with A. to write B. to write with

　　　　 C. writing D. writing withC. writing D. writing with

1.Your job is to clean the floor.2. The best thing you should do is ___another job. A. looking for B. looked for C. look for D. about to look for

当做表语的不定式解释主语中 do( 做 ) 的意义时， to 可以省略。

(to)

作表语

链接高考 :

What they wanted to do was ____the truth.

A.tell B. telling

C. told D. being told

She promised She promised to give him a chanceto give him a chance..

拓展 :She pretended ______ me when

I passed by.(MET’89 ）A. not to see B. not seeingC. to not see D. having not seen

作宾语作宾语

He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.

I am so glad to see you.

He hurried to the post office, only to find it was closed

状语

目的

结果

原因

比较 : He worked hard, succeeding in the exam.

高考链接高考链接1.—Mum, why do you always ma1.—Mum, why do you always ma

ke me eat an egg every day?ke me eat an egg every day? — —______ enough protein and nu______ enough protein and nu

trition as you are growing up. trition as you are growing up. (( 上海上海 1999)1999)

　　 A. Get B. Getting A. Get B. Getting 　　 C. To get D. To be gettingC. To get D. To be getting

2.In order to gain a bigger share in the 2.In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-ruinternational market, many state-run companies are striving ______ thein companies are striving ______ their products more competitive.(r products more competitive.( 上海 上海 22002)002)

　　 A. to make B. making A. to make B. making 　　 C. to have made D. having madeC. to have made D. having made3. He hurried to the station, only _______the train had left.

A. telling B. to tell C. to be told D. told

•宾语补足语宾语补足语 \\ 主语补足语主语补足语The teacher told us ________(pay)The teacher told us ________(pay)

more attention to our studymore attention to our study

I often heard him_______ the song I often heard him_______ the song .(sing).(sing)

The teacher had us ______(recite) The teacher had us ______(recite) the text.the text.

to pay

sing

recite

高考链接高考链接1.Father will not allow us______ on the street.1.Father will not allow us______ on the street. A. to play B. playingA. to play B. playing C. play D. playedC. play D. played2. He was seen ______near the river at that ti2. He was seen ______near the river at that ti

me.me. A. playing B. play A. playing B. play C. to play D to playingC. to play D to playing

不定式省略不定式省略 toto 的的几种情况几种情况

• I watched her get into the car.I watched her get into the car.• I I would have him wait for me. would have him wait for me. • Why not ask the teacher? Why not ask the teacher? • He wanted to do nothing but stay there. He wanted to do nothing but stay there. ( I had no choice but ( I had no choice but to to wait.) wait.) • All you do now is (to) complete the form.All you do now is (to) complete the form.• He told me to stay there and wait for him.He told me to stay there and wait for him.• You’d better come here. You’d better come here.

为什么为什么不定式省去不定式省去 ??

DiscussionDiscussion

小结省小结省 toto •使役动词后省略使役动词后省略 to (let, make, hto (let, make, h

ave) ave) •感觉动词后省略感觉动词后省略 to (feel, hear , lito (feel, hear , li

sten to, see, observe, notice, wsten to, see, observe, notice, watch, look at)atch, look at) 等。但是它们用于等。但是它们用于被动语态时，其后的不定式必须带被动语态时，其后的不定式必须带toto 。。

•动词动词 helphelp 后省略后省略 to (to ( 也可以不也可以不省省 ))

•why (not)…why (not)… 后省略后省略 to to •介词介词 except / butexcept / but 后省略后省略 to to

(( 要取决有无要取决有无 do do •主语带主语带 dodo 表语省略表语省略 to (to ( 也可以也可以

不省不省 ))•并列不定式省略并列不定式省略 to to •部分部分固定词组固定词组,, 后接省后接省 toto 不定式不定式

• had betterhad better

• would ratherwould rather

• would rather…than…would rather…than…

• cannot butcannot but

• cannot choose butcannot choose but

• cannot help butcannot help but}} 不得不 ; 只得

常见固定词组 :

省留省留 to to 练一练 练一练 1. He could do nothing but _______for the bus   A. wait   B. to wait     C. waiting     D. waited

2.--- Will you have anybody _________ the flowers?   ---- Yes, I’ll have the flowers _________. A. plant, planted          B. to plant, planted    

C. plant; to be planted   D. to plant , plant

3.Busy translating a book, he couldn’t hel3.Busy translating a book, he couldn’t help _________ the article.p _________ the article.

A. write      B. writing      A. write      B. writing      

C. wrote         D. writtenC. wrote         D. written

4.Zhou Lan doesn’t have to be made_____4.Zhou Lan doesn’t have to be made__________. She always studies very hard._____. She always studies very hard.

A. learn      B. to learn      A. learn      B. to learn      

C. learning       D. learnedC. learning       D. learned

• I don’t like films, but _____(see) I don’t like films, but _____(see) a film is what I want to do now.a film is what I want to do now.

• ______(see)a film is my hobby.______(see)a film is my hobby.

CompareCompare 不定式和动名词作不定式和动名词作主语的不同主语的不同

to seeto see

SeeingSeeing

不定式不定式时态语态易错题时态语态易错题 1.You were silly not _______your car.1.You were silly not _______your car. A. to lock   B. to have locked   A. to lock   B. to have locked   C. locking   D. having locked C. locking   D. having locked

2.The bank is reported in the local newspaper____ 2.The bank is reported in the local newspaper____ in broad daylight yesterday.    in broad daylight yesterday.    A. robbed              B. to have been robbedA. robbed              B. to have been robbedC. being robbed    D. having been robbedC. being robbed    D. having been robbed

解题方法 : 看动作的先后发生 ;

与主语与动词的主 \ 被关系

3.The problem is ______difficult for us ______.3.The problem is ______difficult for us ______.A. so; work out  A. so; work out  B. very too; to be worked out  B. very too; to be worked out  C. rather too, to work out      C. rather too, to work out      D. quite too, to work it outD. quite too, to work it out

4.I feel it is your husband who _____ for the 4.I feel it is your husband who _____ for the spoiled child.spoiled child.

A. is to blame   B. is going to blame   A. is to blame   B. is going to blame   C. is to be blamed     D. should blameC. is to be blamed     D. should blame

链接真题链接真题 ::• The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great succThe meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great succ

ess.ess. A. to take place    B. to be taken place              A. to take place    B. to be taken place             

        C. to have taken place    D. being taken placeC. to have taken place    D. being taken place

• With a lot of difficult problems _________, the newly-eleWith a lot of difficult problems _________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.cted president is having a hard time.

A. settled     B. settling      A. settled     B. settling      C. to settle          D. being settledC. to settle          D. being settled

Consolidation

Translation:

Do the exercises:

1.1. 我怀疑他偷了汤姆的钱。我怀疑他偷了汤姆的钱。 (suspect)(suspect)2.2. 我正在寻找个房子去居住。我正在寻找个房子去居住。 (seek)(seek)3.3. 父母们所做的一切目的就是为了让孩子有美父母们所做的一切目的就是为了让孩子有美

好未来。好未来。4.4. 在那时他被看见正在河边玩耍在那时他被看见正在河边玩耍5.5. 那时除了等待那时除了等待 ,, 我什么也不能做 我什么也不能做 6.6. 像那样去和父亲讲话是没有礼貌的。像那样去和父亲讲话是没有礼貌的。

Translation

–Homework:Homework: Finish all the Exx. of this module Finish all the Exx. of this module

Go over what you have learnedGo over what you have learned

• A number of paintings in the castle are believed A number of paintings in the castle are believed ________in a fire.________in a fire.

A. being destroyed B. having been destroyed A. being destroyed B. having been destroyed

C. to be destroyed D. to have been destroyedC. to be destroyed D. to have been destroyed

1._____some of this juice---- perhaps you’ll like it.

A.Trying B.Try C.To Try D.Have tried

2.Robert is said ________ abroad,but I don’t know what country he studied in.

A.to have studied B. to study

C. to be studying D. to have been studying

3.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_____ it more difficult.

A.not make B. not to make

C.not making D. do not make

4.Good morning, can I help you?I’d like to have this package _____,madam.

A.be weighed B.to be weighed

C.to weigh D.weighed

5.John was made _____ the truck for a week as a punishment.

A.to wash B.washing C.wash D.to be washing

6.Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the hour.

A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay

7.Mr smith warned her daughter ______ after drinking.7.Mr smith warned her daughter ______ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never driveC. never driving D. never drive8.Last summer I took a course on _____.8.Last summer I took a course on _____. A. how to make dress B. how dress be made A. how to make dress B. how dress be made C. how to be made dress D. how dress to be madeC. how to be made dress D. how dress to be made9.She pretended ____ me when I passed by.9.She pretended ____ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seenC. to not see D. having not seen10.Rather than ____ on a crowded bus, he always prefers 10.Rather than ____ on a crowded bus, he always prefers

____ a bicycle.____ a bicycle. A. ride; ride B. riding; ride A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; ridingC. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding

11.Little Jim should love ____ to the theatre this morning.

A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking

12.I usually go there by train.

Why not ___ by boat for a change.

A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going

A

D

13.Tom kept quiet about the accident _____ lose his job.

A.so not as to B.so as not to C.so as to not D.not so as to

14.She searched the top of the hill and stopped ____ on a big rock by the side of the path.

A.to have rested B.resting C.to rest D.rest

15.The light in the office is still on.

A.Oh,I forgot ____.

A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having turned it off

16._____ down the radio,the baby’s sleep in the next room.

A.turning B.to turn C.turned D.turn

B

C

C

D

17.Paul doesn’t have to be made ______.He always works hard.

A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning

18.We agreed ____ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.

A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have meet

19.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him___.

A.not to B.not to do c.not do it D.not eating

20.The patient was warned ____ oily food after the operation.

A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating

B

C

A

C

记忆歌诀：不定式省不定式省 to留留 to 要思量，

1. 1. 感 感 2. 2. 听 听 3. 3. 让 让 55 看看后，主动要省 to ，被动要留 to,help随心所欲要记住 .

He wanted to do nothing but________ therHe wanted to do nothing but________ ther

e. (stay)e. (stay)

I had no choice but _________ . (wait)I had no choice but _________ . (wait)

记忆歌诀：有 do 无 to; 无 do 有 to , 动词原形常来

使用 。幻灯片 29

staystay

to waitto wait

作宾语作宾语 She promised She promised to give him a chance.to give him a chance.

• He has no choice but _________. (wait)He has no choice but _________. (wait)• He did nothing but______ all day.He did nothing but______ all day. A. play B played A. play B played C. playing D. to playC. playing D. to play

to waitto wait

记忆歌诀：有 do 无 to; 无 do 有 to , 动词原形常来

使用 。

A

① Since he came here, he has made a lot of friends.

② He has been working here ever since he left university.

③ It is/has been 20 years since I started to learn English.

11 、主动语态的宾语 、主动语态的宾语 被动语态的主语

2 、主动语态的谓语动词 被动语态的谓语动词

be+ 动词的过去分词

3 、主动语态句子里的主语变为介词 by 的宾语。（放在谓语动词之后；可省略。）

由主动语态变为被动语态的方法由主动语态变为被动语态的方法

S+V+O S(o)+|be+Ved +(by)+O(s)

V be +Ved