!# pGgt hftsf vfBfGgsf] em7f] afrf - Hesperian Health Guideshesperian.org/wp-content/uploads/pdf/ne_cgeh_2011/ne_cgeh_2011_13.pdf · k/Dk/fut la?jfsf] pTkfbg 239 csf]{ lbg pgLx¿n]

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236

pGgt hftsf vfBfGgsf] em"7f] afrf

syfM pGgt hftsf] skf;df s[ifssf] k|lt/f]w . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @#*

k/Dk/fut la?jfsf] pTkfbg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @#(

pGgt hftsf la?jfx¿ s;/L k/Dk/fut la?jfeGbf km/s x'G5g\ . . . . . . . .@$)

pGgt hftsf afnLsf] a9L d"No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .@$)

pGgt hftsf cGg / :jf:Yo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @$!

syfM Pl;ofdf ;'gf}nf] wfg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .@$@

pGgt hftsf afnLaf6 x'g] jftfj/0f ;d:of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @$#

kl5 k5'tfpg'eGbf clxn] g} ;'/lIft x'g' /fd|f] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @$$

aLp / cGg pGgt hftsf x'g\ eg]/ s;/L yfxf kfpg] < . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @$$

syfM db/ l;8 ckm\ /]l;:6]G; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .@$%

vfBfGg ;xof]usf] ¿kdf pGgt hftsf] cGg lj;h{g ul/G5g\ . . . . . . . . . . . .@$%

;fd'bflos aLp ;+/Ifsx¿ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @$^

syfM ufpFn]x¿n] aLp cfbfgk|bfg sfo{qmd u/] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @$^

!#

k[i7o; cWofoleq

237

pGgt hftsf vfBfGgsf] em"7f] afrf

l6k]kl5 uf]ne]+8f rfF8} ljlu|b}gg\=== ux'F, e6df; / ds} h;n] 7"nf] dfqfdf /f;folgs ljiffbL k|lt/f]w ug{ ;S5=== e'O{+df sL/f dfg{ ;Sg] aLpx¿, oL dWo] s'g} klg k|fs[lts xf]Ogg\ . t/ klg oL afFR5g\ .

o:tf gofF hftsf la?jfx¿nfO{ pGgt hftsf vfBfGg (Genetically Engineered (GE) Foods) elgG5 . oL vfBfGgx¿ :jf:Yoj4{s 5g\ eGg] s'/fdf ;a}hgf ;xdt 5}gg\ . o:tf cGg pTkfbg ug]{ sDkgLx¿ o;af6 vfBfGg ;'/Iff Nofpg], ljZjnfO{ cGg k'¥ofpg] / h}ljs OGwgaf6 k|fs[lts t]ndf x'g] lge{/tf 36fpg] s'/f ub{5g\ . afFsL c? dflg;x¿ o:tf vfBfGg dflg; / jftfj/0fsf] nflu xflgsf/s x'g] atfpF5g\ . h;n] h] ljZjf; u/] klg, jt{dfg / eljiosf] s[lif / ;a} hgfsf] vfBfGg ;'/Iff eg] oL gofF pGgt hftsf cGgx¿n] kl/jt{g ul/;s]sf 5g\ .

w]/}h;f] pGgt hftsf la?jfx¿n] pgLx¿sf] kQf nufpg]x¿n] bfjf u/] h:t} /fd|f] kf}li6s / :jf:Yonfe k|bfg ub}{g . clxn];Dd o:tf la?jfn] ul/a / ef]sd/Lsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ klg d2t u/]sf] 5}g . sDkgLx¿n] clwstd pGgt hftsf afnLx¿ To;} sDkgLaf6 pTkfbg ul/Psf] /f;folgs dn, aLp / ljiffbL laqmLsf] nflu l;h{gf ul/Psf] kfOG5 .

pGgt hftsf vfBfGgx¿n] k|fljlws ;dfwfg k|bfg ub{5g\– dflg;af6 agfOPsf] dxËf] aLp– ;fdflhs ;d:ofsf] nflu ef]s . t/ olb s[ifsx¿ o:tf] aLp lsGg lge{/ ePdf /f;folgs dn / ljiffbL lsGg h?/L x'G5 pTkfbgsf] nflu, o;n] ef]snfO{ 36fpg eGbf a9fpF5 . To;kl5 ToxfF vfBfGg cflwkTo sd u/fpF5 .

pGgt hftsf vfBfGgsf] em"7f] afrf238

pGgt hftsf] skf;df s[ifssf] k|lt/f]w

a;Ggf ef/tsf] sgf{6s /fHosf Ps skf; s[ifs x'g\ . s]xL jif{cl3 ha pGgt hftsf afnLx¿ gofF lyP, ta df]G;fG6f] sDkgLsf dfgl;x¿ pgLsxfF cfP/ skf;sf] gofF aLp / To;nfO{ d2t ug{ dn l;Q}df lbP . pgLx¿ x/]s xKtf cfP/ afnL x]g]{ / dn xfNg] s'/f atfP . a;Ggfsf] nflu of] /fd|f] ;Demf}tf nfUof] . p;nfO{ skf; v]tL s'g} k};f k|of]u gul/sg / w]/}h;f] sfd sDkgLn] ug]{ s'/fdf v'zL nfUof] .

a;GgfnfO{ of] df]G;fG6f] sDkgLsf] pGgt hftsf] afnL pTkfbg ug]{ k|of]usf] Pp6f efu xf] yfxf lyPg . sDkgLsf dflg;x¿ / ljiffbL xfNg k|foh;f] cfpFy] t/ klg afnL sL/fx¿sf] sf/0f kmi6fpg ;s]sf] lyPg . a;GgfnfO{ crDd nfUof] ls s'g lsl;dsf] skf;nfO{ olt w]/} ljiffbL xfNbf klg pTkfbg /fd|f] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

a;Ggfn] c? s[ifsn] klg gofF afnL nufPsf] yfxf kfP . pgn] sgf{6s /fHosf] s[ifs ;+u7gn] klg sDkgLn] o:tf] aLpsf] k|rf/ u/]sf] dg gk/fPsf] s'/f klg yfxf kfP . To;kl5 pm oL s[ifsx¿sf] ;efdf ;xefuL x'g uP .

a;Ggfn] To; ;efdf gofF skf;nfO{ klxnf p;n] k|of]u ug]{ eGbf w]/} /;fog rflxg] / o;n] df6f]sf] pTkfbg zlQm 36fpg] s'/f yfxf kfP . pgn] of] skf; klxnfsf] s6g hlt afnL glbg] s'/f klg yfxf kfP . a;Ggfn] cfkm\gf] v]tdf csf]{ afnL nufpg gldNg] / o;df sDkgLsf] :jfldTj /x]sf] s'/f klg yfxf kfP . ;a}eGbf 7"nf] pgn] olb o;sf k/fu l5d]sLsf v]tdf uP/ gofF skf; pd|]df pgLx¿n] klg csf]{ jif{ gofF afnL nufpg gkfpg] s'/f yfxf kfP .

ha a;Ggfn] pGgt hftsf] skf; cfkm\gf] / ;Dk"0f{ ;d'bfosf] nflu vt/f ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfP, pgn] sgf{6s /fHosf s[ifs ;+u7g;Fu cfj4 eP . ljZjnfO{ pGgt hftsf] skf;sf] af/]df atfpg c7f]6;lxt xhf/f}+ s[ifsx¿ Psh'6 eP . pgLx¿n] ;Dk"0f{ sfo{ lgdf{0f u/] / e]nf x'g' Ps lbg cufl8 pgLx¿n] b]ze/sf klqsfx¿nfO{ lr¶L n]v], h;df n]lvPsf] lyof]M

æsgf{6ssf tLg v]tx¿ zlgaf/ v/fgL x'g]5g\ . v]tsf dflnsx¿nfO{ s:tf] sbd p7fOg]5 / s] sf/0fn] ubf{ / o;sf] ;Dk"0f{ Ifltk"lt xfdL lbg]5f}+ eg]/ cleofgstf{x¿n] klxn] g} ;Dks{ u/]sf 5g\ . zlgaf/ dWofGxdf xhf/f}+ s[ifsn] Sofd/fsf] ;fd'Gg] v]t hnfpg] 5g\ .Æ of] Pp6f gful/s ;dfhsf] u}/lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ v'Nnf ¿kdf cfJxfg u/]sf] sbd lyof] .

k/Dk/fut la?jfsf] pTkfbg 239

csf]{ lbg pgLx¿n] afrf u/]sf] s'/f k'/f u/] . klxnf] hnfOPsf] v]t a;Ggfsf] lyof] . p;n] of] sfo{qmddf ;xof]u u/] lsgeg] df]G;fG6f] sDkgLn] pgLx¿nfO{ wf]sf lbof] / of] afnLn] cfkm\gf] / l5d]sLsf] v]tnfO{ ;d]t vt/f k'¥ofof] . s[ifs ;+u7gn] pgLx¿sf] v]t hn] jfkt lbPsf] k};fn] pgn] klxnfs} /fd|f] pAhg] u/]sf aLp lsg]/ nufP .

5nkmnsf] nflu k|Zgx¿ • s] tkfO{nfO{ s[ifsn] cfkm\g} v]t hnfPsf] yfxf 5 < s] sf/0fn] s[ifs jf tkfO{nfO{ of] ug{ afWo u5{ <

• s] tkfO{ s'g} c? k|sf/n] sgf{6s /fHosf s[ifsx¿ pGgt hftsf afnLsf] slt lj/f]wL lyP eg]/ b]vfpg ;Sg'x'G5 <

• pGgt hftsf aLp pTkfbg ug{sf] kmfObf s] s] x'g\ < • pGgt hftsf aLpsf] af/]df tkfO{nfO{ c? s] yfxf 5 < • pGgt hftsf aLpdf x'g] c? n's]sf vr{x¿ s] s] x'g\ <

:jf:Yo la?jfsf] aLp 5fGgfn] csf]{ df};ddf /fd|f] afnL x'g d2t u5{ .

k/Dk/fut la?jfsf] pTkfbgx/]s hLljt a:t'sf] lhG; -j+zf0f'_ gfds ;fgf] efu x'G5 . o;n] la?jf, hgfj/ cyjf dflg;x¿ s] aG5g\ / s;/L x's{G5g\ eGg] s'/f lgwf{/0f u5{M h:t} aLpaf6 la?jf, c08faf6 rNnf, aRrfaf6 jois cflb .

ha oL j+zf0f'x¿ ljleGg cj:yfdf h:t}M tftf], lr;f], xfjf, df6fsf] u'0f cflb;Fu 3'nldn x'G5 ta dfq o;n] la?jf s;/L x's{G5 eGg] s'/f lgwf{/0f u5{ . la?jfsf ljleGg u'0fx¿ h:t}M /+u, cfs[lt, x's{g] ;do, km"n / kmn lbg] ;do jf s] kf}li6stf /x]sf] 5 Tof] ;a} la?jfsf] j+iff0f'n] lgwf{/0f ub{5 .

ha s[ifsn] /f]Kgsf] nflu ds}sf 7"nf aLpx¿ 5fg]/ hf]ufpFb5g\ ta To; 7"nf aLpsf] j+zf0f' u'0f jiff}{;Dd /lx/xG5 t/ ;fgf] aLpsf] j+zf0f' u'0f eg] x/fpF5 . o;/L g} la?jf pTkfbgsf] sfd x'G5 . of] s[ifsn] rfx]cg';f/sf] la?jf pTkfbg ug]{ / 5fGg] Pp6f l9nf] k|lqmof xf] .


olb dflg;nfO{ k'/fgf] k|sf/ dgk5{ eg] xfdLn] pdf/]sf] pGgt afnL glsGg

;S5g\ .

xfdLn] klxn] pTkfbg ug]{eGbf w]/} ub}{g === / slxn]sfxL+ yf]/} eg] u5{ .

aLp sDkgLn] xfdLn] nufPsf] afnLsf] aLp

/f]Kg lb+b}g .

oL afnLnfO{ /fd|/L x's{g /;fog rflxG5 .

pGgt hftsf la?jfx¿ s;/L k/Dk/fut la?jfeGbf km/s x'G5g\h]g]l6s OlGhlgol/Ë (Genetic Engineering) c? la?jf pTkfbgeGbf km/s 5 . o;df j}1flgsx¿n] k|of]uzfnfsf] dfWodaf6 la?jf / hgfj/x¿sf] j+zf0f' u'0f kl/jt{g u5{g\ . pgLx¿n] rfx]cg'¿ksf] u'0f ePsf] la?jf pTkfbg ug{ b'O{j6f Psbd} leGb} la?jfsf] j+zf0f' u'0f ld;fpg ;S5g\ -h:t}M rfdn / ds}_ . pgLx¿n] la?jfsf] lhG;nfO{ hgfj/sf] j+zf0f' u'0f;Fu klg ld;fpg ;S5g\ . o;} sf/0fn] o;nfO{ æh]g]l6s OlGhlgol/ËÆ elgG5 . OlGhlgo/ h:t} la?jfsf j}1flgsn] k|fs[lts ¿kdf ljsf; gx'g] gofF lsl;dsf la?jf / hgfj/ agfpF5g\ .

pGgt hftsf la?jfx¿ s]jn gofF y/Lsf / /fd|f] u'0f ePsf la?jfdfq xf]Ogg\ . logLx¿ o:tf] la?jfx¿ x'g] h'g klxnf] slxn] klg lyPgg\ . sDkgLx¿ jif]{gL c/af}+ ¿k}ofF gofF hftsf] la?jf pTkfbg ug{ vr{ u5{g\ . h:t}M rfF8} pd|g] / sfuh agfpgsf] nflu g/d sf7 ePsf] ?v, w]/} ;do;Dd /fVbf klg tfh} /xg] uf]ne]+8f, 7"nf]dfqfdf /;fogsf] k|of]udf afFRg ;Sg] e6df;, ux'F, skf; / ;fdfGo eGbf 7"nf] x'g] df5f / ;F'u'/ cflb .

pGgt hftsf afnLsf] a9L d"Nolbuf] t/Lsfn] pGgt hftsf] afnL pTkfbg ug{' k/Dk/fut afnL pTkfbg ug{'eGbf dxËf] k5{ . csf]{ jif{sf] nflu klxn]sf] jif{sf] aLp /fVg'eGbf s[ifsx¿ w]/}h;f] pGgt hftsf] aLp dxËf] /f;folgs dn / ljiffbL;lxt x/]s jif{ lsGg] u5{g\ . pGgt hftsf afnLsf] c? klg n's]sf] vr{x¿ 5g\ . kf}li6stfsf] cfwf/df oL afnL Go"g x'G5 ;fy} o;n] jftfj/0fnfO{ klg xflg k'¥ofpF5 -k[i7 @$#_ . pGgt hftsf la?jf nufpg' eGbf klxn] oL c? n's]sf vr{x¿ x]g{ h?/L x'G5 .

pGgt hftsf cGg / :jf:Yo 241

sDkgLn] n]jn gug]{ x'gfn] o:tf] s'/f yfxf kfpg] t/Lsf 5}g . t/ ;a}eGbf a9L k|of]u x'g] ;f]+r xf] / of] ;jf{lws kfOg] pGgt hftsf]

cGg xf] .

aRrfnfO{ cfdfsf] b'w v'jfpg' ;a}eGbf /fd|f] xf] . s] tkfO{sf]

>LdtL;Fu d s'/f u/f}+ <

xfdLn] xfd|f] aRrfx¿nfO{ v'jfpg] vfgfdf pGgt hftsf] cGg 5 jf 5}g

eg]/ s;/L yfxf kfpg] <

pGgt hftsf cGgaf6 :jf:Yodf c;/ pGgt hftsf cGgaf6 :jf:Yodf s] c;/ k'U5 eg]/ hfGg w]/} jif{sf] cWoog h?/L 5 . j}1flgsx¿n] pGgt hftsf cGgsf] s]xL ;DefJo :jf:Yo vt/fsf] af/]df cWoog ul/;s]sf 5g\ .

PnhL{pGgt hftsfcGgaf6 ag]sf vfgfx¿df klxnf slxn] gvfPsf] kbfy{x¿ x'G5g\ . o;n] ubf{ dflg;sf] z/L/n] o:tf] vfgf;Fu gsf/fTds k|ltlqmof hgfpFb5 . klxn] g} pGgt hftsf cGgsf] s'g rflxF j:t'n] PnhL{ u5{ eGg] s'/f yfxf geP/ w]/} dflg;x¿df vfgfsf] dfWodaf6 o;sf] c;/ b]vfk5{ .

a9\bf] ljiffbLsf] vt/fw]/}h;f] pGgt hftsf cGgx¿ 7"nf] dfqfdf /;fogsf] k|of]u kl5 /fd|/L x's{G5g\ . s]xL pGgt hftsf aLpx¿ agfpFbf g} o;df x'g] u/L agfOG5 . l7Ss ;Lldt dfqfdf s]xL /;fogsf] k|of]un] s[ifsnfO{ kmfObf x'G5 . t/ o;sf] cToflws k|of]un] b'j} dflg; / jftfj/0fnfO{ xflg k'¥ofpF5 -cWofo !$ x]g'{xf];\_ .

SofG;/ / zf/Ll/s c+udf v/faLpGgt hftsf cfn' / uf]ne]+8f vfg] hgfj/x¿sf] k]6df kl/jt{g cfpF5 . h;n] ubf{ SofG;/, d[uf}{nf / cGo c+usf] v/faL / dlitissf] /fd|f] ljsfzdf cj/f]w c;/ k'U5 . t/ ha pGgt hftsf cGg hfFr ul/+b}g / n]an ul/+b}g, lrlsT;sx¿nfO{ dflg;df SofG;/ / cGo c+usf v/faL pGgt hftsf cGgaf6 ePsf] xf] cGg eGg ;Dej x'Fb}g .

pGgt hftsf cGg / :jf:YopGgt hftsf cGgsf s]xL :jf:Yo c;/x¿ yfxf eO;s]sf 5g\ lsgeg] dflg;x¿ of] vfPkl5 lj/fdL k/]sf 5g\ . c? :jf:Yo c;/x¿ z+sf ul/Psf] 5 t/ cem} ;fljt ePsf] 5}g .

pGgt hftsf cGg pTkfbg ug]{ cd]l/sf / c? b]zsf ;/sf/L sfof{non] o;sf] :jf:Yo c;/sf] af/]df hfFr ug{ c:jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . o:tf cGg pTkfbg ug]{ sDkgLx¿n] cfkm\gf] cGgsf] hfFr gxf];\ egL x/;Dej k|of; u5{g\ . pgLx¿n] pTkfbg ug]{ pGgt hftsf cGg c? ;fdfGo cGg / vfBfGg;Fu n]an (Label) gu/L ld;fpg] u5{g\ . o:tf s'/fx¿n] pGgt hftsf cGg vt/gfs 5g\ eg]/ yfxf kfpg afwf k'¥ofpF5 .


PlG6afof]l6s;“usf] k|lt/f]w

h]g]l6s OlGhlgol/Ësf] kmn:j¿k s]xL pGgt hftsf cGgx¿df PlG6afof]l6S;;Fu j+zf0f' u'0f x'G5 . s]xL j}1flgsx¿ dflg;n] o:tf] vfgf vfPdf k]6df ePsf sL/fx¿df PG6Lafof]l6S;;Fu k|lt/f]wfTds Ifdtf a9\5 eGg] s'/fdf ljZjf; u5{g\ . To;kl5 olb ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{ PlG6afof]l6S; lng k/]df dflg;x¿df To;n] sfd ub}{g .

s'kf]if0faf6 x'g] ;d:ofsf] plrt ;dfwfg;'gf}nf] wfg ;fdflhs ;d:of / ul/aL clg s'kf]if0fsf sf/0f x'g] ;d:ofsf] Pp6f k|fljlws pkfosf] pbfx/0f dfq xf] . t/ of] afx]s klg csf]{ pkfox¿ 5g\ .

tfhf kmnkm"n, xl/of] ;fukft / c? vfgfdf w]/} dfqfdf le6fldg P x'G5 -o;sf] nflu ;fdfGo :jf:Yo k':ts h:t}M hxfF 8fS6/ gePdf clws hfgsf/L kfpg ;lsG5_ . a9\bf] /;fogsf] k|of]un xl/of] t/sf/Lx¿nfO{ emf/kft lgoGq0f ug]{ ljiffbLsf] k|of]u ug'{eGbf klxn] oL xl/of ;fukft wfgsf] v]t jf s[ifssf] af/Ldf TolQs} pd|Gy] .

Pl;ofdf ;'gf}nf] wfg

;+;f/e/L nfvf}+ dflg;x¿, vfgfdf æle6fldg PÆ sf] sdLsf sf/0f cGwf]kgfsf] lzsf/ ePsf] 5 . o;sf] ;dfwfgsf] nflu le6fldg P ePsf] gofF pGgt hftsf wfg pTkfbg ul/of] h;nfO{ ;'gf}nf] wfg eg]/ gfd /flvof] . o:tf] wfg pTkfbg ug]{ sDkgLn] Pl;ofe/L hxfF rfdn jf eft d'Vo vfgf xf] / le6fldg P sf] sdLn] hxfF dflg;x¿ cGwf] ePsf 5g\, ToxfF a]Rg] of]hgf agfof] . sDkgLx¿n], s[ifsn] k/Dk/fut wfgsf] ;§f ;'gf}nf] wfg /f]Kg] s'/fdf cfzf u/] .

h] h:tf] eP klg ;'gf}nf] wfgn] dflg;nfO{ cGwf] x'gaf6 arfpFb}g . ;'gf}nf] wfgn] x6fpg vf]h]sf] cGwf]kg æle6fldg PÆ sf] sdLn] dfq ePsf] xf]Og . of] t d'Votof k|fs[lts ¿kdf le6fldg P ePsf] yl/yl/sf] vfgfsf] sdLn] ePsf] xf] . dflg;n] ;'gf}nf] wfgdf ePsf] le6fldg P vfP/ dfq x'Fb}g ha;Dd To;sf] ;fydf c? kf}li6s kbfy{ ePsf] vfgf vfFb}gg\ .

cGwf]kg / ef]sd/Laf6 pTkGg c? ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{ pGgt hftsf] wfg h:tf] k|fljlws ;dfwfgsf] k|of]u ug['{eGbf vfBfGg ;'/IffnfO{ ;'wfg{ /fd|f] x'G5 . lsgeg] ;'gf}nf] wfgn] ef]sd/L / s'kf]if0faf6 x'g] jf:tljs ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg glbPsf] sf/0f o;n] dflg;nfO{ cGwf] x'gaf6 hf]ufpFb}g .

:jf:Yos/ vfgfdf t/sf/L / kmnkm"n ;d]t x'G5 .

pGgt hftsf] afnLaf6 x'g] jftfj/0f ;d:of 243

a+unfb]z h:tf] b]zx¿df, cfkm\gf] aRrfx¿n] plrt kf}li6s cfxf/ k|fKt u¿g\ eg]/ dflg;x¿ 3/df g} s/];faf/L nufpF5g\ . x]n]g s]n/ OG6/g]zgn gfds ;+:yfsf] ;xof]udf s'kf]if0fsf sf/0f x'g] cGwf]kg / :jf:Yo ;d:ofaf6 aFRg dflg;x¿n] ^ nfv s/];faf/L nufP . s'g} dxËf] k|fljlws ;dfwfg h:t}M pGgt hftsf] afnLtkm{ guO{ kf]if0f / vfBfGg ;'/Iff ;'wfg]{ Pp6f ;lhnf] pkfo x'g ;S5, s/];faf/L .

pGgt hftsf afnLaf6 x'g] jftfj/0fLo ;d:of7"nf sDkgLx¿n] s]xL k|sf/sf dfq aLp pTkfbg ug]{ / a]rljvg u/]df / ;+;f/e/sf s[ifsnfO{ ToxL+ dfq k|of]u ug{ /fhL u/]sf] v08df cGo ljleGg la?jf x/fP/ hfg]5g\ / vfBfGg ;'/Iffdf sdL cfpg]5 . t/ pGgt hftsf] afnLsf] jftfj/0fdf ;a}eGbf 7"nf] gf]S;fg eg]sf] h}ljs ljljwtfsf] gfz xf] -k[i7 @&_ h'g :jf:Yo jftfj/0fsf] clt cfjZos 5 .

k|fs[lts sL/f lgoGqs u'dfpg'M s]xL pGgt hftsf afnLx¿leq ljiffbL /fv]/ agfOG5 . olb ljiffbLx¿ Wofg glbO{ lgolGqt k|of]u u/]sf] v08df sL/f dfg{sf] ;§f To;df emg\ k|lt/f]wfTds Ifdtf a9\5 -k[i7 @&#_ .

h+unL hgfj/ / df6f]sf] gf]S;fgLM pGgt hftsf] afnLdf ePsf] ljiffbLn] df6f]df a:g] pkof]uL sL/f / hLjf0f'nfO{ df5{ . o;n] r/f, rd]/f] / cGo hgfj/ h;n] la?jfdf k/fu;]rg u/fpg / sL/f OToflb lgoGq0f u/fpg d2t u5{, To;nfO{ dfg{ ;S5 .

glhs}sf la?jfdf IfltM pGgt hftsf] afnLdf ePsf] k/fu xfjfn] p8fP/ To:t} c? la?jfdf nfG5 . pGgt hftsf] la?jf gofF ePsf]n] o;sf] bL3{sfnLg c;/ s] x'G5 eGgaf/] s;}nfO{ yfxf x'Fb}g .

ls;fgx¿ ta kLl8t x'G5g\ ha pGgt hftsf] afnLn] jftfj/0fnfO{ xflg k'¥ofp“5 .

h+unL hgfj/nfO{

xflg u5{ .

k/Dk/fut

la?jf

nf]k eP/ h

fG5 .


kl5 k5'tfpg'eGbf clxn] g} ;'/lIft x'g' /fd|f]clkm|sg egfOcg';f/, æolb tkfO{+nfO{ glbsf] ulx/fO{ gfKg' 5 eg] klxn] Pp6f v'§f kfgLdf xfNg';\, o;f] ugf{n] tkfO{nfO{ aufpg] vt/f x'Fb}gÆ . o;nfO{ csf]{ efiffdf k"j{;fjwfgL ePsf] sfd ug{ / k"j{;fwfgLo'Qm lgod kfngf ug{' a'l4dfgL xf] eGg ;lsG5 -k[i7 #@_ . s'g} gofF cfljisf/ jf ;fdfg k|of]u ug{'cl3 Tof] ;fdfg ;'/lIft 5 eg]/ yfxf kfpg' /fd|f] xf] h;n] ubf{ cgfjZos lsl;dsf] vt/faf6 hf]lug ;lsG5 .

t/ sDkgL / ;/sf/x¿ lbglbg} pGgt hftsf afnLx¿ k/LIf0f ul//x]sf 5g\ h;n] ubf{ s] c;/ k'U5 eGg] s'/f yfxf geO{ pgLx¿n] xfdLnfO{ glbsf] ulx/fO{ Pp6f v'§fsf] ;§f b'O{j6} v'§fn] gfKg afWo agfO/x]sf 5g\ .

of] ;'wfl/Psf] aLp k|of]u ug{'xf];\

bL3{sfnLg :jf:Yo c;/ s]

x'g ;S5 <

aLp / cGg pGgt hftsf x'g\ eg]/ s;/L yfxf kfpg] <w]/}h;f] pGgt hftsf aLpx¿ b]Vbf, 5'Fbf, vfFbf / ;'F£bf ;fwf/0f aLp h:t} b]lvG5g\ . To;}n] s[ifsx¿ of] s] s:tf] xf] eg]/ yfxf gkfO{ /f]Kg] u5{g\ . ;a}eGbf w]/} pGgt hftsf] afnL pTkfbg ug]{ df]G;fG6f] sDkgLn] pGgt hftsf] afnL gfds/0f ug{ n]jn ub}{ vfg] dflg; of] pGgt hftsf] cGg xf] eg]/ yfxf gkfcf];\ eGg] k|of; x'G5 . j+zf0f'sf] cfs[lt k/LIf0f ug{' g} pGgt hftsf] cGg xf] eg]/ yfxf kfpg] Pp6} pkfo xf] . cd]l/sf / o'/f]kdf k/LIf0f ;fdu|L pknAw 5 t/ dxËf] klg 5 .

of] xfd|f] nflu /fd|f] pkfo xf] eg]/ d ljZj:t

5}g .

s] cGg vfgsf] nflu ;'/lIft

x'G5 <

vfBfGg ;xof]usf] ¿kdf pGgt hftsf] cGg la;h{g ul/G5 245

db/ ;L8\;\ ckm\ /]l;:6]G;

Mother Seeds of Resistance d]S;Lsf] lrofkf; (Chiapas) eGg] 7fpFdf s[ifsx¿ pGgt hftsf] cGgaf6 cfkm\gf] ds}df k/fu ;/L c;/ k'¥ofpg] s'/fdf lrlGtt 5g\ . cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]uLx¿sf] d2tn] pgLx¿n] cfkm\gf] cGgafnLdf c;/ k'u]sf] 5 jf 5}g eg]/ hfFRg] t/Lsf yfxf kfP . of] of]hgfnfO{ ædb/ l;8\;\ ckm\ /]l;:6]G;Æ (Mother Seeds of Resistance) sf] gfdn] lrlgG5 .

cd]l/sf / o'/f]kaf6 NofOPsf] k/LIf0f ;fdu|Laf6 aLpx¿ k/LIf0f ul/G5 . pGgt hftsf] ds}af6 pgLx¿sf] afnL ;+qmldt 5 eg]/ yfxf kfpgfn] pgLx¿ cfkm\gf] ;d'bfo / ;/sf/nfO{ eGg ;S5g\ / c? w]/} c;/ x'gaf6 hf]ufpg ;S5g\ . lsgsL s[ifs cfkm}+ aLp k/LIf0f u5{g\, pgLx¿n] ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmofdf lgoGq0f kfpF5g\ . o:tf] lgoGq0f h'g pgLx¿n] pdf/]sf] cGgdf s] 5 eg]/ yfxf gkfP u'Dg] ub{5g\ .

cfkm\gf] afnLdf lgoGq0f kfP/ lrofkf;sf s[ifsn] bL3{sfnLg vfBfGg ;'/Iffsf] cEof; ul//x]sf 5g\ .

vfBfGg ;xof]usf] ¿kdf pGgt hftsf] cGg la;h{g ul/G5 w]/} b]zx¿ pGgt hftsf] cGg ptkfbg ug{ / cfkm\gf] b]zdf leq\ofpg lgif]w u5{g\ . t/ oL b]zx¿df klg pGgt hftsf] cGgn] vfBfGg cfk"lt{df cfkm\gf] af6f] agfpF5g\ . ul/a b]zx¿df pGgt hftsf] cGg ahf/df / v]tdf cfpg] Pp6f t/Lsf xf] vfBfGg ;xof]u .

ha b]z clws ef]sd/Laf6 u'lh|G5 ta ;xof]usf] ¿kdf pgLx¿n] wfg cflb ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3 cyjf cGo b]zx¿af6 k|fKt u5|{g\ . h'g b]zdf pGgt hftsf] wfg pTkfbg x'G5 k|foM Tof] b]zn] vfBfGg ;xof]usf] ¿kdf ljt/0f u5{ . o;n] s[ifs, ef]sf] dflg; / ;/sf/nfO{ pGgt hftsf] cGg / ef]s dWo] Pp6fnfO{ 5fGg afWo u5{ .

t/ s'g} a]nf ;+s6sf] 38Ldf klg ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf] lg0f{o lng ;S5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu hflDaof / lhDafAj]nfO{ @))@ sf] hf8f]df ePsf] ef]sd/Lsf] a]nf pGgt hftsf] ds} vfBfGg ;xof]usf] ¿kdf k|:tfj ul/Psf] lyof] . hflDaofn] pGgt hftsf] vfBfGg cl:jsf/ u/]sf] lyof] . o:tf] lg0f{okl5 cGt/f{li6«o bftfx¿n] hflDaofnfO{ c? clkm|sg b]zaf6 hxfF cGg a9L pTkfbg ul/Psf] lyof], ToxfFaf6 lsGg k};f cg'bfg lbof] . s]xL o"/f]lkog b]z hxfF pGgt hftsf] cGg u}/sfg'gL 5, To;n] o:tf] cGgnfO{ vfBfGg ;xof]usf] ¿kdf k|:tfj u/] .

lhDafAj]sf] ;/sf/n] ef]sf dflg;af6 cfpg] bafa dx;'; u¥of] . ds}nfO{ lk;]/ /f]Kg gldNg] / eljiodf x'g] ;d:of pTkGg x'g glbg] ;t{df lhDafAj]n] pGgt hftsf] vfBfGg ;xof]u l:jsf/ u¥of] .


ufp“x¿n] aLp a6'Ng] sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]d]S;Lsf]sf le;]G6] u'/]/f] (Vicenta Guerrero) ufpFsf dflg;x¿ cfkm\gf] k/Dk/fut aLp x/fpg nfu]sf]df lrlGtt lyP . ufpFsf k'/fgf afl;Gbf ;DemG5g\, ToxfF w]/} lsl;dsf] ds} / Tof] eGbf klg a9L lsl;dsf] l;dL kfOGYof] . t/ clxn] ToxfF @ lsl;dsf] ds} / $ lsl;dsf] l;dL dfq kfOG5 . pgLx¿nfO{ yfxf lyof] aLp sDkgLx¿ gofF lsl;dsf] aLp pTkfbg ul//x]sf] 5g\ h'g Ps jif{dfq k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 / h;nfO{ pdfg{ dxËf] /;fogsf] h?/t k5{ . To;}n] ufpFn]x¿n] s]xL ug]{ lgwf] u/] .

ufpFn]x¿n] To; 7fpFsf ;Dk"0f{ dflg;x¿nfO{ 7"nf] ef]hsf] lgdGq0ff lbP / ;a}nfO{ cfkm"nfO{ dgkg]{ vfgf ksfpg ;fdfg / dgkg]{ aLp lnP/ cfpg cg'/f]w u/] . h;df dflg;x¿ cfkm"n] lnP/ cfPsf] aLp ;f6\g / dgkg]{ vfgf ksfpg ;Sy] . ;fy} Tof] cGg sxfFaf6 cfPsf] xf] / s;/L pd|]sf] xf] eGg] s'/f cfbfg k|bfg ug{ ;Sy] . of] e]nfnfO{ aLp a6'Ng] sfo{qmd elgPsf] lyof] .

s]xL s[ifsx¿ slxn] s;}n] gb]v]sf] ds} / l;dLsf] k|hflt ;lxt klg cfPsf lyP . pgLx¿n] c?nfO{ /f]Kg aLp lbP . of] jif{ aLp a6'Ng] sfo{qmddf % y/Lsf] ds} * y/Lsf] l;dL lyof] . csf]{ jif{ aLp a6'Ng] sfo{qmdsf] rrf{ k'/} k|b]zdf km}lnof] / s[ifsn] afh]a/fh'sf] afn cj:yfdf gb]v]sf aLp klg NofPsf lyP .

;fd'bflos aLp ;+/Ifsx¿;+;f/el/sf ;d'bfo pGgt hftsf] cGgaf6 x'g] c;/sf] af/]df ;hu x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . s]xL dflg;x¿ ;/sf/n] pGgt vfBfGgdf n]an nufOg' k5{ eg]/ dfu /flv/x]sf 5g\ tfsL pgLx¿ To:tf vfgf vfg / lsGg al~rt /x'g\ . c? dflg;x¿n] pGgt hftsf afnL nufpg cl:jsf/ u/] . w]/} ;d'bfox¿ klxnfs} k/Dk/fut aLp hf]ufpg] z}nLdf / ;fd'bflos aLp k|aGwdf kmls{;s]sf 5g\ .

ha ;d'bfon] ljleGg k|hfltsf] aLp eljiodf /f]Kgsf] nflu hf]ufpF5g\ / To;sf] Wofgk"j{s tYofÍ (Record) /fV5g\, ;fd'bflos aLp k|aGw dflgG5 . o;/L ;d'bfon] dxTjk"0f{ aLpsf] ;|f]tnfO{ hf]ufpF5g\ / h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f u5{g\ . ;fy} pgLx¿n] aflx/sf dflg;x¿n] cfkm\gf] k/Dk/fut aLpdf xsbfjL ug{ klg /f]s nufpF5g\ .

w]/} y/Lsf] cGg /xf];\ eGgsf] nflu / y'k|} k|hfltsf] la?jfx¿ nf]k gxf];\ eg]/ ljZj:t ug{sf] nflu ;/sf/n] /fli6«o aLp e08f/ agfpg ;S5 / agfpg' klg k5{ . vfBfGg ;'/Iffsf] nflu aLp ljt/0fdf lgoGq0f x'g' h?/L x'G5 .

vfBfGg ;xof]usf] ¿kdf pGgt hftsf] cGg la;h{g ul/G5 247

s]xL jif{kl5 ufpFn]x¿n] @) y/Lsf ds} / $) y/Lsf l;dL hDdf ul/;s]sf lyP . ljleGg y/Lsf la?jfaf6 s] ;'lglZrt x'G5 eg] s'g} g s'g} ds} / l;dL x/]s jif{ pd|G5 lsgeg] s]xL ;'Vvf le/fnf] 7fpFdf /fd|f] x's{g ;S5g\, s]xL cf]l;nf] 7fpFdf / s]xL ;Dd k/]sf] hldgdf pd|g ;S5g\ . le;]G6] u'/]/f]sf w]/} dflg;x¿n] o:tf] afnL nufpg yfn] / clxn] pgLx¿nfO{ cfkm\gf] aLp x/fpg] 8/ klg 5}g . w]/} y/Lsf] vfgf vfP/ pgLx¿n] cfkm\gf] cfxf/df ;'wf/ klg NofPsf 5g\ .

clxn] To; k|b]zsf] c? ufpFdf klg aLp a6'Ng] sfo{qmd x'Fb}5 / k'/fgf aLpx¿ kmls{b}5g\ . le;]G6] u'/]/f]sf s[ifsx¿ eG5g\, k'/fgf] aLp /f]Kgfn] pgLx¿nfO{ vfB ;'/Iff dfq xf]Og 7"nf] ef]h ug]{ /fd|f] axfgf klg lbG5 .

!# pGgt hftsf vfBfGgsf] em7f] afrf - Hesperian Health Guideshesperian.org/wp-content/uploads/pdf/ne_cgeh_2011/ne_cgeh_2011_13.pdf · k/Dk/fut la?jfsf] pTkfbg 239 csf]{ lbg pgLx¿n]

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