Lecture 6.9: Skeletal System
Pain and stiffness in muscular and/or skeletal systems Arthritis—all rheumatoid diseases affecting joints Damage to articular cartilage Results.
Jan 11, 2016
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Lecture 6.9: Skeletal System
Pain and stiffness in muscular and/or skeletal systems
Arthritis—all rheumatoid diseases affecting joints
Damage to articular cartilage Results from: Bacterial/Viral infection Injury to Joint Metabolic problems Severe physical stress
Rheumatism
Usually 60+ Wear and tear of joints Genetic 25% of females and 15% of men in US have
this
Osteoarthritis
Inflammatory disease 2.5% of US Immune system attacks the joints
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Exercise Physical Therapy Aspirin All slow the disease
Prevention Measures
FlexionAnterior/PosteriorReduces angle between two objects
Angular Motion
Figure 6.32a
Extension Increase angle between two objects Head looking straight ahead
Angular cont…
Figure 6.32a
Hyperextension Extension past anatomical position Ex: Looking at ceiling
Angular cont…
Figure 6.32a
Abduction Away from midline Adduction Toward the midline
Angular cont…
Figure 6.32b
Figure 6.32c
Circumduction Arm Circles
Angular cont…
Figure 6.32d
Turn around longitudinal axis Ex: “no” motion
Rotation
Figure 6.33
Palm facing front to palm facing backward
Pronation
Figure 6.33b
Palm turned forward
Supination
Figure 6.33b
Inversion Turn sole inward Eversion Turn sole outward
Special Movements
Figure 6.34
Dorsiflexion Lift toes upward Plantar flexion Point toes
Special cont…
Figure 6.34
Opposition Move thumb across palm to other fingers
Special cont…
Figure 6.34
Protraction Move body part anteriorly Retraction Opposite of protraction
Special cont…
Figure 6.34
Elevation Move superiorly Depression Move inferiorly
Special cont…
Figure 6.34
Gliding Bones slide over one another Movement slight Carpal and tarsal bones Between vertebrae
Synovial Joints
Figure 6.35a
Hinge Joints Movement in one plane Occipital and Atlas (“yes”) Elbow, Knee
Synovial cont…
Figure 6.35b
Pivot Joints Rotation only Atlas and Axis (“no”)
Synovial cont…
Figure 6.35c
Ellipsoidal (Condyloid) Joint Move in two planes Connect fingers to carpals
Synovial cont…
Figure 6.35d
Saddle Joints Thumb
Synovial cont…
Figure 6.35e
Ball and Socket Joints Can perform all movements Shoulder, Hip
Synovial cont…
Figure 6.35f
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