: Observing the Information Society: What Do We Not Know? Bill Dutton with Hsiao-hui Chen, Martin Dimov, Jianbin Jin Oxford Internet Institute (OII) University of Oxford www.ox.ac.uk Presentation for Seminar ‘Observing the Information Society in Portugal: State of the Art, Lisbon, 13 December 2006.
: Observing the Information Society: What Do We Not Know? Bill Dutton with Hsiao-hui Chen, Martin Dimov, Jianbin Jin Oxford Internet Institute (OII) University.
Apr 01, 2015
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
:Observing the Information Society:
What Do We Not Know?
Bill Dutton with Hsiao-hui Chen, Martin Dimov, Jianbin Jin
Oxford Internet Institute (OII) University of Oxford
www.ox.ac.uk
Presentation for Seminar ‘Observing the Information Society in Portugal: State of the Art, Lisbon, 13 December 2006.
• 2003 and 2005• Cross-sectional surveys versus panels• Probability sample of England, Scotland & Wales
• Respondents: 14 year olds and older
• Face-to-face interviews• Sponsorship from Hefce, AOL, BT, Ofcom, and
Wanadoo (Orange)
Oxford Internet Surveys (OxIS)
Oxford Internet Surveys (OxIS)
2003 2005
Fielded in June-July February-March
Number of respondents
2,030 2,185
Response rate
66% 72%
• The World Internet Project (WIP)
- Initiated 2000, UCLA, now at USC
- Data for 22 nations (and expanding)
- www.worldinternetproject.net
• Britain: Oxford Internet Surveys (OxIS)
The World Internet Project
The Development of a Cyberinfrastructure
Themes of Social Research
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2000 2005
InternetMobile
Centrality of the Internet in Britain, 2000-05
Source: Oxford Internet Survey: www.oii.ox.ac.uk
The Development of a Cyberinfrastructure
Digital Divides Shaping Access
Themes of Social Research
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/
______________________________________________________
Percent Internet Use, circa 2005
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Hungary
Iran Chile Spain Italy Czech Macao Britain JapanSweden
SingaporeCanada
USA
2005
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/
______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Percent Internet Users, 2003-5
Has Internet adoption reached a plateau?Adoption in Britain (2003–2005)
59 60
6 8
35 32
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
%
Current users Lapsed users Non-users
2003 2005
OxIS 2003: N=2,029 (All respondents); OxIS 2005: N=2,185 (All respondents)
Broadband connection per householdwith Internet access (2003-2005)
59
19
0 20 40 60 80 100
% Broadband
% of householdswith Internet
access
2005 2003
OxIS 2003: N= 1,172 (Households with Internet access);OxIS 2005: N = 1,330 (Households with Internet access)
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/
______________________________________________________________________
Percent Who Use the Internet: Lowest and Highest Economic Quartiles,
circa 2005
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Hungary
Iran China Czech ItalySweden Macao Spain
CanadaSingapore
USA
1st Quartile
4th Quartile
Patterns of the Digital Divide in Britain
No Mobile phone
No PC
No Home Internet
Up to £12,500
51+
Big city + Suburban
University education
Home InternetPC
Secondary education£37,500 to £50,000
£25,000 to £37,500
Village + FarmOver £50,000
Male
21-30
£12,500 to £25,000
FemaleLower education
Mobile phone 31-50
up to 20 Small city
-0.1
-0.05
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
? = 0.953
? = 0.038
Digital Divide in Portugal
MaleFemaleVillage + farmBellow secondary No home Internet
Do not use computerSmall city
31-5021-30
Mobile phone
51+
Big city + suburban
SecondaryHome InternetUse computer
University
up to 20
No Mobile phone
-0,2
-0,1
0
0,1
0,2
-2 -1 0 1 2
?=0.957
?=0.037
Patterns of Digital Divides in Portugal
Patterns of Digital Divides in Bulgaria Divide in Bulgaria
up to 150 BGN
No Cell PhoneUniversity Education51+
up to 20
SofiaBellow secondary Education
Home InternetUse Internet
No Home Internet801 BGN and over
Big city Female
21-30Male
151-350 BGN
Small town
No Internet
Rural/village
601-800 BGN
31-50Secondary Education
351-600 BGN
Cell Phone
-0,3
-0,2
-0,1
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
-2 -1,5 -1 -0,5 0 0,5 1 1,5 2
?=0.906
?=0.08
8
Source: eBulgaria survey, 2005, Vitosha Research£1 = 2,63 BGN
Patterns of Digital Divides in Hong Kong Divide in Bulgaria
Home internet
University
Female
up to 10000
Mobile phoneSecondary
10001-2000021-30
20001-30000
Bellow secondaryMale
Internet
30001-40000
31-50
30001-40000
51+
No internet
No home internet
up to 20No mobile phone
-0.25
-0.2
-0.15
-0.1
-0.05
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
-2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
_=0,93
_=0,056
Patterns of Digital Divides in Macao Divide in Bulgaria
Male Female
Secondary24001 and overUniversity
18001-2400021-30
Mobile
Home internet
Internet
No home internet
6001-1200012001-18000 51+
No internet
31-50
up to 6000
Bellow secondary
up to 20
No mobile
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
-2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0
_=0,881
_=0,105
The Development of a Cyberinfrastructure
Digital Divides Shaping Access
Digital Choices: Gender and Age?
Themes of Social Research
Generally speaking, how interested would yousay you are in the Internet (2005)
012
427
348
36159
3919
1 1760
0 20 40 60 80 100
%
Don't know
Very interested
Interested
Not very interested
Not at all interested
Users Drop-outs Non users
N=2,185 (All respondents)
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/
____________________________________________________
Internet Use by Gender, circa 2005
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Hungary
Iran Chile Spain Italy China Czech Macao BritainSwedenJapan
SingaporeCanada
USA
Male
Female
Internet Use by Life Stage, 2003-2005
Source: OxIS 2003, Number of respondents = 2,030 – OxIS 2005 Number of respondents = 2,185
Pupils: age 14-22 years and in full time education.Working age: employed of any age and all other persons not in employment up to age 55. Retired: 55 or over and not in employment.
98 97
67 68
2230
0102030405060708090
100
%
Pupils Working Age Retirees
2003
2005
Interest in the Internet by Age
66
7868
52
73
2127
32
47
21
7
2734
7379
93
0102030405060708090
100
14-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+
%
Not at all/not very interested Interested/very interested
N = 2,185 All respondents
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/
____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Internet Use by Age, circa 2003
91%95%
80% 81%
60%
70%66%
45%
14%
37%32%
56%
63%73%
50%
75%
4%9%
12%
32%
22%
39%
12%
67%
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
USA Korea Britain Japan Germany Spain Italy Hungary
16-24 35-44 55-64
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/
Internet Use by Age, circa 2005
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Iran
HungaryMacao China Spain Italy
Singapore
Czech Japan BritainSwedenCanadaUSA
16-24
35-44
55-64
Places of Access by Age
68
7
43
70
5657
42
2816
2913
1619
34
51
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
14-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+
%
1 3 or moreN = 1,309 (Current Internet users)
Always On Broadband
47
60
0
64
535046
3732
18
32
2226
22
40
26
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
14-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+
%
Only when I use it All the timeN = 1,309 (Current Internet users)
Multi-tasking by Age
41
75
7
73
4847
352831
297
1417
2924
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
14-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+
%
No Yes most of the timeN = 1,309 (Current Internet users)
The Development of a Cyberinfrastructure
Digital Divides and Choices Shaping Access
Internet, Google or TV Generation
Divides and Choices in Patterns of Use
Themes of Social Research
On average how often do you…..?
1. Several times a day2. Daily 3. Weekly4. Monthly5. Less than monthly6. Never
OxIS 2005 Question
92
87
83
78
77
74
71
66
66
61
56
55
54
54
48
47
45
42
39
39
36
33
33
26
22
21
17
13
13
10
10
9
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
% of users
Check email
Product info
Surf/Browse
Look up fact
Travel plans
Buying online
Book travel
Send email attachments
Local events info
News
Instant messaging
Weather forecasts
Sports information
Downloading/listening to music
Play games
Look up word definition
Online banking
Look for jobs
School material
Paying bills
Look for jokes
Download/watch videos
Listen to radio
Chat
Family tree
Distant learning
Read blogs
Phone calls
Sexual sites
Invest stock & funds
Religious sites
Gamble
Factors Identified
1) Entertainment (find jokes; play games; download or listen to music; download or watch videos)
2) Information (get information about local events; look for news; look for sport news; check the weather)
3) Banking (paying bills; online banking; investing in stocks or funds)
4) Learning (look up a word definition; look up a fact; look for school information; distant learning)
5) Communication (check email; instant message; send email attachments)
6) Planning (make travel plans; look for jobs; book travel online)
e-Communication (2005)
92
6756
2613
0
1020
30
4050
60
7080
90
100
%
Check email Send emailattachments
Instantmessaging
Chat Phone calls
Users
N= 1,309 (Current Internet users)
e-Entertainment (2005)
53 4836 33 33
01020304050607080
90100
%
Downloadlisten to music
Play games Jokes Downloadwatch videos
Listen to radio
Users
N= 1,309 (Current Internet users)
ExcellentGoodFairBad/Poor
Self-rated Internet ability
2.50
2.00
1.50
Mean of e-Information
2.763
2.462
2.09
1.372
Use for Information by Expertise
e-Information by Age
One Way Anova: F = 3.7, Sig = .001
Look for Health Information by Age
3643 46 46
35
2528
11
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
14-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+
% Yes
N = 1,309 Current Internet Users
e-Banking by Age
One Way Anova: F = 9.4, Sig = .000
75+65-7455-6445-5435-4425-3418-2414-17
Age
3.00
2.50
2.00
1.50
Mean of e-Entertainment
Use for Entertainment by Age
FemaleMale
Gender
2.15
2.10
2.05
2.00
1.95
1.90
1.85
1.80
1.75
Mean of e-Entertainment
Mean of Entertainment by Gender
FemaleMale
Gender
2.15
2.10
2.05
2.00
1.95
1.90
1.85
1.80
1.75
Mean of e-Entertainment
Mean of Entertainment by Gender
Secondary37,500 to 50,00012,500 to 25,000
Big city + suburbanSmall city
Bellow secondary [one 1]
25,000 to 37,500Up to 12,500
Travel plans
Female
31-50University
Over 50,000
News
Village + farm
Male
Weather
51+
up to 20
21-30 Local events
Job search
Blogs
Humour
Sports Family tree
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
? = 0.555
? = 0.250
Patterns of Use in Britain, 2005
Up to 12,500 Bellow secondary [one1 ]
12,500 to 25,000Small city
Secondary
up to 20
Games
Male
21-30
Music
Videos
Erotic sites
Gambling,sweepstakes
Religion
Over 50,000 University
Radio
Big city + suburban
51+
Vilage + farm Surfing,browsing
Female31-50
25,000 to 37,50037,500 to 50,000
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4
? = 0.554
? = 0.312
Patterns of Interest in Media Content in Britain, 2005
The Development of a Cyberinfrastructure
Digital Divides and Choices Shaping Access
Internet, Google or TV Generation
Divides and Choices in Patterns of Use
Developing Trust in an Experience Technology
Themes of Social Research
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Newspapers
Television
Internet
Mean reliability rating
2005
2003
How reliable and accurate would you rate the information found in/on …. ?
Source: OxIS 2003, N = 1717, 1965, 1985; OxIS 2005 N = 1507, 1944, 1886
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Major companies
The Government
Television news
Newspapers
Internet Providers
Mean confidence rating
2005
2003
How much confidence you have in the people running … [What about the Internet? How much confidence to you have in the people providing Internet services?]
Source: OxIS 2003, Number of respondents = 2,030; OxIS 2005 Number of respondents = 2,185
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
Scientists
Doctors
People known
People in country
People online
Mean confidence rating
2005
2003
Please tell me how much confidence you have in the following groups of people …[Most people you can communicate with on the Internet.]
Source: OxIS 2003, Number of respondents = 2,030; OxIS 2005 Number of respondents = 2,185
The Development of a Cyberinfrastructure
Digital Divides and Choices Shaping Access
Internet, Google or TV Generation
Divides and Choices in Patterns of Use
Developing Trust in an Experience Technology
The Societal Impact: Reconfiguring Access
Themes of Social Research
Technological Determinism: Utopian v Dystopian
Perspectives on Social Impacts
Providing information online (2005)
18 16 16 14
5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
%
Post pictures/photos
Distributionlist for email
Post ondiscussion/message
boards
Have awebsite
Keep a blog
Users
N= 1,309 (Current Internet users)(e) Proxy use
Technological Determinism: Utopian v Dystopian
Dual Effects
Perspectives on Social Impacts
Technological Determinism: Utopian v Dystopian
Dual Effects
Substitution
Perspectives on Social Impacts
____________________________________________________
Average Number of Hours per Week Watching TV:Internet Users and Non-Users
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Sweden
Spain
Canada
Chile
China
Czech
Macao
USA
Singapore
Iran
Hungary
Japan
Britain
2005 Non-Use
2005 Users
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Sweden Chile Macao USA Singapore Hungary Japan Britain
Number of Hours
2003 Users
2003 Non-Use
2005 Users
2005 Non-Use
____________________________________________________
Average Number of Hours per Week Watching TV:Internet Users and Non-Users
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/
“Has the use of the Internet increased or decreased your contact with your family and friends?” (2005)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Singapore
USA IranCzech
HungaryMacao Spain
Sweden CanadaChina
IncreasedSame
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/
Technological Determinism: Utopian v Dystopian
Dual Effects
Substitution
Domestication: Social Shaping of Technology
Perspectives on Social Impacts
Technological Determinism: Utopian v Dystopian
Dual Effects
Substitution
Reinforcement: Social Shaping of Technology
Reconfiguring Access
Perspectives on Social Impacts
Changing Cost Structures
Restructuring the Architecture of Networks
Redistributing Power between Senders-Receivers
Expanding, Contracting the Geography of Access
Creating or Eliminating Gatekeepers
Enabling or Disabling User Control
How ICTs Reconfigure Access:
Where would you go first if looking forinformation on… (2005)
241818
33
7
35
20
10
27
812
34
7
44
39
43
9
34
5
19
35
10
24
12
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
%
Name of localMP
Taxes Planningjourney/holiday
Book that youheard about
Local schools
Use the telephone Personally visit person/locationGo to book/directory Use the InternetDon't know
N=2,185 (All respondents)
Where would you go first for Information (Name of MP) by Age
19
39
8
2421201817
118 11
253740
48
56
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
14-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+
%
Go to book/directory Use the InternetN = 1,309 (Current Internet users)
Do you read any newspapers or news serviceonline that you do not read in print? (2005)
80% No
20% Yes
Yes
No
N= 1,309 (Current Internet users)
Met people or made friends online – 2005
80% No
20% Yes
Yes
No
N= 1,309 (Current Internet users)
Friends Met Online, Britain 2005
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Mean
Median
Number
In person
Not in person
Source: OxIS: www.oii.ox.ac.uk/oxis/
Average Number of Online Friends Met in Person
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/
_______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
0.8
1.9
0.6
1.0
2.32.2
0.9
2.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
USA Korea Japan Singapore Spain Macao Hungary China(Urban)
Number of Online Friends Never Met in Person
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/
____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2.6
3.2
1.1
2.83.3 3.3
7.7
0
2
4
6
8
USA Korea Japan Singapore Macao Hungary China(Urban)
Average Number of Online Friends Met in Person: by User Category
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.org/
____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
0.40.7
0.20.4 0.6
1.00.6
0.9
1.7
3.64.0
0.9
3.73.4
3.9
3.3
0
1
2
3
4
5
USA Korea Japan Singapore Spain Macao Hungary China(Urban)
Light Users (Less than 5 hours a week)
Heavy Users ( 24 hours or more per week)
Average Number of Online Friends Never Met in Person by User Category
Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/
____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
0.8 1.20.5 0.7
3.3 3.64.4
6.75.8
4.55.2
3.7
9.6
12.3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
USA Korea Japan Singapore Macao Hungary China(Urban)
Light Users (Less than 5 hours a week)
Heavy Users (24 hours or more per week)
Infrastructure v. New Technology
Digital Divides
Digital Choices
Stratification of Age Groups: Generations
Experience Technologies
Reconfiguring Access
Emerging Themes of Social Research
Common Variables v. Identical Questions
Comparison of Within Systems Analyses
Qualitative Visualization v. Quantitative Precision
Multi-trait, Multi-method
Focus on Users v. Population as a Whole
Emerging Analytical Strategies
OxIS (Feb-March) 2007
OII, University of Oxford
www.oii.ox.ac.uk
E-mail: oxis at oii.ox.ac.uk
Related Documents
