第六章 MFC 原理与方法

MFC

MFCMicrosoft Foundation ClassMicrosoftMFCMFCWindowsSDKMFCWindowsMFCMFC

WindowsMFCMFCMFCMFCMFCMFC

Windows WindowsWindowsDOSDOSWindowsMessageWindowsWindows

Windows API ?Windows()(Application)Application Programming InterfaceAPI Windows APIWindowsWindows

Windows APIWindows APIWindows Windows Windows APIWindowsWindows API Windows APIDLLDLLUser32.dllGdi32.dllKernel32.dll

Windows APIAPI(API) API

Windows SDKSDKsoftware develope kitWindowsAPIAPIAPISDKVisual C++VC++WindowsWindowsSDK

SDK VC++SDKSDKVC++WindowsSDKMFCOWLObject Window Library, Borland C++ VBDelphiSDKSDKWindowsMFC

Visual C++SDK

Win32 ApplicationWindows

1File|NewNewProjectWin32 ApplicationHello1 A typital Hello world! applicationFinish2WndProc()switch-caseWM_LBUTTONDOWN case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: MessageBox(NULL, "You pressed the left button of mouse !","Message",NULL); break; 1 HelloSDKAPI

Windows?

SDKAPIWindowsWindowsWindowsWindows

WinMain()WindowswhileWinMain()WndProcswitchcase

Windows HICON)HCURSORHWNDHINSTANCEWindowsAPIAPIWindowsMFCWindowsMFC

MFCpublicCWndm_hWndMFCAttach()MFCMFCDetach()CWnd myWnd; HWND hWnd; myWnd.Attach(hWnd); . . . . . . myWnd.Detach();

WindowsWindowsWM_WM_COMMANDWM_MOVE WM_PAINTControl NotificationWM_COMMANDWM_COMMANDCommandWM_COMMAND

typedef struct tagMSG { HWND hWnd; // UINT message;// WPARAM wParam;// 116 LPARAM lParam;// 232 DWORD time;// POINT pt; // } MSG;MSG

2 HelloAa HelloHello.cppWndProc()switch case WM_KEYDOWN: // if(wParam==0x41) // Aa0x41HMessageBox(NULL, "The key you pressed is A or a !","KEYDOWN",NULL); else MessageBox(NULL, "The key you pressed is not A or a !","KEYDOWN",NULL); break;

MFC Windows APIWindowsWindowsWindows Visual C++MFCWindows

MFCC++MFCWindows200Windows MFCMicrosoft Windows/MFCH

MFCVisual C++MFCMFC AppWizardMFCClassWizardWindowsMFCWindows C5%MFCWindows APIWindows

MFCMFCMFCMFCMFCMFCCObjectWindowsMFC MFCAfxafx

MFCWindowsAPIWindows API Visual C++MFCMFCMFCMFC MFCMFCMFC MFCWizard

MFC MFCMFC theAppWinMain()MFCWinMain()MFC

MDI

MFC

MFC

MFC MFCCWinApptheAppMFCtheApptheAppMFCAfxWinMain() AfxWinMain()AfxGetApp()theApppApppAppRun()WM_PAINTOnPaint()Run()WM_QUITExitInstance()

WinMain

MFC InitInstance()

MFC

MFC MFCMFCMFCMFCSDKMFCWindowsMFCAPIMFC

MFC MFCMessage MapC/C++switch-caseMFC,WindowsDECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP()END_MESSAGE_MAP()ON_COMMAND:ID ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_NEWCWinApp::OnFile New)MFC ClassWizard

AppWizard //{{AFX_MSG(CTttApp)afx_msg void OnAppAbout();//}}AFX_MSGDECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CTApp, CWinApp)//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CTttApp)ON_COMMAND(ID_APP_ABOUT, OnAppAbout)//}}AFX_MSG_MAPEND_MESSAGE_MAP() ID_APP_ABOUTOnAppAbout

MFCMESSAGE_MAPBEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(theclass, baseclass)//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(theclass)ON_ . . . . . . // MFCON_MESSAGE(message , memberFxn) // . . . . . . //}}AFX_MSG_MAPEND_MESSAGE_MAP()//{{AFX_MSG_MAPClassWizard

ClassWizardWM_CLOSEWM_DESTROYEdit|CopyClassWizard ClassWizardClassWizard BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMainFrame, CFrameWnd) //{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CMainFrame) ON_WM_CREATE() // MFC AppWizard ON_WM_CLOSE() // ClassWizard ON_WM_DESTROY() ON_COMMAND(ID_EDIT_COPY, OnEditCopy) //}}AFX_MSG_MAP END_MESSAGE_MAP()

ClassWizardclass CMainFrame : CFrameWnd{public: CMainFrame();protected: //{{AFX_MSG(CMainFrame) // afx_msg int OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct); // afx_msg void OnClose(); // ClassWizard afx_msg void OnDestroy(); afx_msg void OnEditCopy(); //}}AFX_MSG DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP() // };

SendPostWindowsAPISendMessage() PostMessage()SendDlgItemMessage()

MFCCWndpMyView->SendMessage()pMyViewPostSend

:IDMFCWM_USER0x0400WM_USER#define#define WM_USER1 WM_USER+0#define WM_USER2 WM_USER+1

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP()END_MESSAGE_MAP() ON_MESSAGE(message, memberFxn) messagememberFxn afx_msg afx_msg LRESULT memberFxn (WPARAM wParam , LPARAM lParam);wParamlParamCWnd::SendMessage()CWnd:: PostMessage()

WM_TIMER 1MFC AppWizard[exe]RotateClassWizardCRotateViewWM_CREATEWM_TIMER SetTimer(1,200,NULL); // 2RotateView.cpp#define WM_MYMESSAGE WM_USER+1 ClassWizardCRotateViewWM_TIMESendMessage(WM_MYMESSAGE);

3CRotateViewafx_msg LRESULT OnMyMessage( WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam); RotateView.cppBEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP END_MESSAGE_MAPON_MESSAGE(WM_MYMESSAGE,OnMyMyessage) 4CRotateViewprivateintm_dEscapementCRotateViewm_dEscapement=0; 5RotateView.cpp6ClassWizardWM_DESTROYKillTimer(1);

MFC #defineMFCMFCMFCMFCAfxwin.hAfx.hAfxmsg_.hMFCMFC

MFC

MFC CRuntimeClass CRuntimeClassMFCCRuntimeClassCObjectRTTICRuntimeClass CObjectCRuntimeClassCRuntimeClassRUNTIME_CLASS()MFC

CObjectMFCCObjectCObjectMFCCObject MFCAssertValid()Dump() GetRuntimeClass()IskindOf()

CCmdTargetCCmdTargetCObjectMFCCCmdTarget3BeginWaitCursor()EndWaitCursor()BeginWait- Cursor()RestoreWaitCursor() void CMyView::OnSomeCommand(){BeginWaitCursor(); // . . . . . . // EndWaitCursor(); // }

CWinAppMFCCWinAppWinMain()SDKSDKWinMain()CWinAppInitApplication()InitInstance()Run()MFCCWinApp

CWndCWndCCmdTargetCWndMFCGUIMFCCWnd

CFrameWndCFrameWndCWndSDKWndProc()CFrameWndCFrameWndSDIMDICMDIFrameWndCMDIChildWndCFrameWnd

CDocumentCViewCDocumentCDocument CDocument CViewMFCMFC

631HelloSDKHELPMessage,Message _itoa()632Win32 Application WizardWindows1 A empty projectHello MFC! 633 SDIAPISetTimer()APILineDDA()635HelloSDKAPIWM_CHARXx 638 639WM_TIMER645: SDI2

hwndVCHWNDmessageVCWM_xxxxxxWM_MOUSEMOVEWM_KEYDOWNWM_CHARWM_xxxWM_xxxWM_xxxgoto definitionwParamlParammessagewParamlParam17