Long write/reflection in complete sentences: 1.What does it mean to be racist? 2.What are some examples of racism that you know of? 3.Why do you think.

Long write/reflection in complete sentences:

1.What does it mean to be racist?2.What are some examples of racism that you know of?3.Why do you think racism exists in America?4.Do you think it exists everywhere? Why? Why not?5.It’s almost the new year. What goals do you have for the rest of 2013?

Do Now 12/3

Andrew Jackson and the Indian Andrew Jackson and the Indian Removal ActRemoval Act

Population: The US population was growing. As we grew

larger, more land was needed. Agriculture: At this point in history our economy was

based on farming. Farming needs large amounts of land. Fear of invasion: The government feared European

countries would invade. A larger country is more intimidating.

Why do we need more land?

What Stands in the Way?

There are two main obstacles that stand in the way of the US gaining more land.

The unknown land in the West: We had attempted to solve this issue by sending out the different

explorations through Western lands. Lewis and Clark, Stephan H. Long, Zebulon Pike

Native Americans: Every President had attempted to

remove the Native Americans. President Andrew Jackson was the

most forceful.

President Jackson believed that the

US Government had the right to move the Native Americans where he wanted. He viewed them as conquered

subjects who lived within the borders of the United States.

President Jackson believed that the American Indians stood in the way of the country’s progress.

He pushed through the Indian Removal Act in 1830.

Conquered Subjects

This legislation passed through Congress would

allow the Government to forcefully remove the Native Americans from Southern lands to a new location. Specifically Georgia

This area was home to the Indian Nations of: Cherokee Creek Choctaw Chickasaw Seminole

Eager for land to raise cotton, the settlers pressured the federal government to acquire Indian territory.

The Indian Removal Act

Throughout the next few years many of the tribes signed additional treaties or accepted payments and moved West.

However, the most aggressive tribe in fighting the removal was the Cherokee.

Removal

The Cherokee Nation tried to beat

Andrew Jackson’s policy and the State of Georgia through the Court system.

They created their own formal government by writing a Constitution Very similar to the US Constitution!

Fighting Fire with Fire

The Georgia court just decided

that the Cherokee Nation didn’t exist.

After many appeals, the trial eventually landed in the Supreme Court.

The court case of Worcester Vs. Georgia would end in a victory for the Cherokee!

Worcester Vs. Georgia

The Cherokee may have won the

battle in court, but the lost the war with Andrew Jackson.

President Jackson ignores the Supreme Court ruling!

Short Victory

“John Marshall has made his decision.

Now let him enforce it!”

President Jackson immediately wanted to enforce the law. He believed that this option was “just and liberal” and

would allow the Native Americans to keep their way of life.

It will civilize them…

Rude Awakening

In 1838 federal troops rounded up the remaining Cherokee people living in Georgia and forced them into stockades. Many people were forced out with just the clothes on their back.

That fall and winter 16,000 Cherokee were forced to march through the rain, sleet, and snow.

The Native Americans were emotionless. The Cherokee refer to the time as “The trail where they cried” “They” referring to those who witnessed the passage of the Native

Americans. 4,000 Cherokee would die.

The Tears of those who Watched

Document A: Trail of Tears Painting

Document B: Andrew Jackson’s

Second Annual Message1.Why does Jackson think that the speedy

removal of the Native Americans is an advantage for the United States?

2.Why does President Jackson think that the speedy removal of the Native Americans is an advantage for the Native Americans?

Directions: Use the materials given to you to answer the questions over different view points and policies that involved the Indian Removal to

Reservations in Oklahoma.

Document C: Worcester v.

Georgia (1832) Supreme Court Decision

1.What does the Supreme Court declare the Cherokee nation to be? What is the importance of this?

2.What does the Supreme Court declare about Georgia’s actions?

Directions: Use the materials given to you to answer the questions over different view points and policies that involved the Indian Removal to

Reservations in Oklahoma.

Document D: Excerpts from John Ross's words to delegates of the Iroquois League

1.What is John Ross’s opinion about the way the U.S. treated the Indian tribes?

2.What did John Ross mean when he described the Cherokee as “…. compared to a solitary tree in an open space, where all the forest trees around have been prostrated by a furious tornado.”

Directions: Use the materials given to you to answer the questions over different view points and policies that involved the Indian Removal to

Reservations in Oklahoma.