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Slide 1
Slide 2
Includes: 1. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder 2. Major
depressive disorder 3. Persistent depressive disorder 4.
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder 5. Substance-induced depressive
disorder 6. Depressive disorder due to another medical condition 7.
Other specified depressive disorder
Slide 3
Sad Empty Irritable Cognitive changes Somatic changes All of
these significantly affect the individuals ability to function
Slide 4
For children up to 12 years old Children were being
over-diagnosed with bipolar disorder Occurs in approx. 2-5% of the
child population Higher in males and school-age children than
females and adolescents
Slide 5
Severe irritability Have lots of outbursts Disruption of family
and friend relationships Affects school performance Low frustration
tolerance Dangerous behaviors Suicidal ideation Severe
aggression
Slide 6
Diagnostic Criteria Include: Severe recurrent temper outbursts
manifested verbally (ex. rages), and/or behaviorally (ex. physical
aggression) that are out-of-proportion to the situation or
provocation The outbursts must be inconsistent with the
developmental level
Slide 7
The outbursts must occur 3 or more times per week The mood
between the outbursts must be irritable and mostly angry Everyone
needs to observe it (teachers, parents, friends, etc.) Must be
observed across a variety of settings Must have been going on for a
minimum of 12 months Must be diagnosed between 6 and 10 years old
The behaviors can not be explained by substances, medication, other
mental illnesses, or other medical or neurological conditions
Slide 8
You must be careful when diagnosing Disruptive Mood
Dysregulation Disorder because it has similar symptoms to:
Oppositional Defiance Disorder (ODD) Bipolar Disorder ADHD Autism
Spectrum Disorder
Slide 9
At least 2 weeks duration Carefully have to look at normal
sadness and grief and bereavement before diagnosing MDD is usually
EPISODIC and SEVERE Figure the rest out on your own!
Slide 10
Read the case about major depression and answer the following:
What are the symptoms? What are the diagnostic criteria for MDD?
What are the risk factors? What are the categories or specifiers in
MDD? What can it often be confused with? What other disorders, if
any, is it comorbid with? What are some treatment options for those
diagnosed? What is the prevalence? Who does it affect most?
Slide 11
Also known as DYSTHYMIA Can be diagnosed when the mood
disturbance continues for at least 2 years in adults or 1 year in
children Not episodic, but CHRONIC Less severe than Major
Depressive Disorder Affects 0.5% of the population
Slide 12
More likely to get PDD when You are younger Have higher
neuroticism Have a poor GAF score (axis 5) Have anxiety disorders
Have parental loss or separation as a child Have it in your
family
Slide 13
Diagnostic Criteria Include: Depressed mood for most of the day
for a period of at least 2 years Presence, while depressed, of at
least 2 or more of the following: Poor appetite or overeating
Insomnia or hypersomnia Low energy or fatigue Low self-esteem Poor
concentration or making decisions Feelings of hoplessness
Slide 14
The criteria for Major Depressive Disorder may be present for
the 2 years There has never been a manic episode The disturbance is
not related to any schizophrenic or psychotic disorder The
disturbance is not due to substance or medication use, or another
medical condition The symptoms causes significant distress or
impairment in social, occupational, and other important areas of
functioning.
Slide 15
You must be careful when diagnosing Persistent Depressive
Disorder because it has similar symptoms to: Major depressive
disorder Psychotic disorders Depressive disorders related to other
medical conditions Substance-induced depression Personality
disorders
Slide 16
Used to be in the DSM-IV for further study It is now recognized
as a formal diagnosis (after 20 years of research!) Occurs in
1.8%-5.8% of menstruating women Symptoms worsen as they approach
menopause Oral contraceptives help reduce symptoms
Slide 17
The symptoms followed with the onset of the substance (drug) or
medication The symptoms persist for at least 1 month even after use
has stopped The disturbance causes clinically significant distress
or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of
functioning Can not be explained better by another depressive
disorder Can be divided into mild, moderate, or severe Prevalence
is 0.26% in the USA What do you think the risk factors are?
Slide 18
Brain damage can definitely lead to depression! Be careful not
to confuse it with a medication-induced depression or with an
adjustment disorder (imagine having to adjust to having a medical
condition ) Most common in those who experience: Strokes
Huntingtonss disease Parkinsons disease