In the previous units, for what reasons did civilizations/countries go to war? WHY FIGHT?

In the previous units, for what reasons did

civilizations/countries go to war?

WHY FIGHT?

First Crusade: 1095-1099 Second Crusade: 1147-1149 Third Crusade: 1187-1192 Fourth Crusade: 1202-1204 Fifth Crusade: 1217-1221 Sixth Crusade: 1228-1229 Seventh Crusade: 1248-1254 Eight Crusade: 1270 Ninth Crusade: 1271-1272

The Crusades

The Problem

It belongs to the Jews, our

temple of Solomon is

there!

No it belongs to Christians,

Jesus was crucified there!

No it belongs to Islam, that’s where Mohammed rose

to heaven

The Byzantine empire agrees

with the Pope on this one, although

we don’t follow him

WHO DOES IT BELONG TO?

BYZANTINE EMPEROR: Hey Your Eminence (Pope), I know technically were not on the best of terms but for the sake of Christianity I could really use some help.

POPE URBAN II: What do you need?

BYZANTINE EMPEROR: Well the Saracens (Islamic) are getting aggressive they’ve taken our territories and I could use some knights to help settle things down before they take our capital, Constantinople.

THE PROLOGUE

POPE URBAN II: I will see what I can do. A Crusade has a number of benefits for the Roman Catholic church

The knights are sitting around fighting each other, Christians fighting Christians, this would give them something to do !

This would spread Christianity across the world and I would be in charge of it!

Pope Urban is no longer the head of just the church but looks to become the “King” of a Christian Empire (like a religious monarchy)

POPE or POLITICIAN?

The Pope makes a

motivational speech…

THE POPE: It is God’s will that we go East and rid Jerusalem of the infidels!!

THE MASSES: What are infidels?

THE POPE: Any non-Christians.

POPE URBAN II

THE MASSES: Hey what about the 6th

Commandment? Thou shall not kill?

POPE URBAN II: That only applies to killing other Christians, killing infidels is okay though.

This leads to the unnecessary slaughter of Jews and all non-Christians in the Empire before the Crusade has even begun.

QUESTION?

THE 5 DECREES OF ISLAM

To Recite the Creed To Pray facing Mecca 5 times a day To Fast during daylight hours during the month of Ramada To give alms To make pilgrimage to Mecca at least once

SOMETIMES A 6th CREE IS ADDED To wage a JIHAD (a holy struggle), to

defend the interests of the Muslim community

THE DECREES OF ISLAM

Both sides perceive this as necessary…

CHRISTIANITY: Islam Empire is a threat to Christianity!

ISLAM: We must wage a Jihad, to lose Jerusalem is not in the best interests of our people!

ISLAM vs. CHRISTIANITY

THE POPE has called for a Crusade to Jerusalem and demands your help!•2 Legions from Gaul •2 Legions from Spain•2 Legions from Greece/Macedonia•2 Legions from Asia Minor

Word spreads across the Mediterranean that the Christians are on Crusade!Islam has raised a Jihad to join the Saracens by providing 2 legions each•2 Legions from Northern Africa•2 Legions from Spain•Combine with 4 Saracen legions