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© Health Quality Council 2008
Going Lean – Can It Work for Universities?
Keith A. Willoughby, Ph.D.
Senior Operations Research Specialist
Health Quality Council
Saskatoon, SK
[email protected]
Denis Caron
Provincial Dean of Industrial Training
Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Science & Technology (SIAST)
Saskatoon, SK
[email protected]
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Part I• Lean 101
– History, principles, tools
• Success stories
• Lessons learned
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What we hope to accomplish• Acquaint you with the concepts of Lean
• Introduce some of the language
• Answer the questions, “What is it? What’s in it for me?”
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More information on Lean systems
• Womack JP, Jones DT, Roos D. The Machine That Changed the World, 1990.
• Womack JP, Jones DT. Lean Thinking, 2003.
• Some valuable websites:– www.lean.org (Lean Enterprise Institute)
– www.leanUK.org (Lean Enterprise Academy)
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Pop Quiz• Who started this whole notion of Lean
principles, and when did they do this?
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Answer A?• Jim Womack (1990)
• 5-year, $5 million study of global vehicle production – International Motor Vehicle
Program
• Co-authored “The Machine That Changed the World” with Dan Jones and Dan Roos
• Coined the term “Lean”
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Is it…Answer B?• Taiichi Ohno (1912-1990)
• 1950’s: Toyota Production System
– Continuous Flow Production– Just-in-Time (JIT)– Eliminate defects– Top management commitment– Employee participation
• 1969: Established the Operations Management Consulting Group
– “Trainers” commissioned to promote Lean thinking within Toyota and the firms in its supplier group
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Or, how about… Answer C?• C.R. Dooley
• Helped to develop the “Training Within Industry” program (1940s)
• Infiltrated into Japanese industry by the Allied forces after World War II
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Could it be…Answer D?• Henry Ford, 1920s
• Continuous Flow Assembly
• Reduce wasted time– 1913-1914: doubled
production with no increase in workforce
– 1920-1926: Cycle time from 21 days to 2 days
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But maybe it is…Answer E?• Eli Whitney (1700’s)
• Quick production of high-quality muskets – Standard interchangeable
parts
– Minimal product variation
– Ordered and integrated workflow
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Another choice…Answer F?• The Venetian arsenal
• Republic of Venice, early 16th century
• Could produce nearly one ship each day– Standardized parts
– Production-line basis
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What does this show us? • This is not new stuff
• So why all the buzz today?
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What is “Lean”? • Providing value with less waste
• Making common sense common practice
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Lean definitions• Providing exactly what the customer needs, safely, when
needed, in precisely the right quantity, and without waste
• Providing value for the customer
• A set of quality improvement tools and philosophy designed to eliminate the sources of waste in a system
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The 8 sources of system wasteCorrection (defects) Waiting
Overproduction Inventory
Motion Overprocessing
Material movement (transportation)
Underutilized human talent
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What Lean is NOT
• Layoffs
• Customers = widgets
• Making people work faster
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Lean principles
• 1. What is value from the customer’s perspective?
• 2. Understand your process– We’ll say more about this later
• 3. Smooth the flow– Eliminate congestion
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More principles• 4. Pull
– Supplier doesn’t produce until the customer signals a need
– Is there smooth communication between process steps?
• 5. Pursue perfection– A continual, never-ending
journey
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Lean tools: A quick survey• Poka-Yokes (Failsafes)
– Eliminates or reduces the opportunities for mistakes
• Check John Grout's PokaYoke Page on www.mistakeproofing.com
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Vehicles• Arrow to indicate
location of fuel tanks (driver/ passenger side) – Great for rental
vehicles
• Gas cap tether does not allow the motorist to drive off without the cap
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European streets• Tourists used to right-
hand side driving need some help in London
• Instructions are printed right on the asphalt
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At the airport
• If your bag fits in the size-wise unit it will fit in the overhead compartment
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Visual control systems• Labels, colour-coding to:
– make it easier to find items
– quicker ability to detect abnormal from normal
• Examples:
– Surgical shadowboards
– Diagonal stripe along the fronts of binders
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The philosophy of 5S • “5S” stands for 5 Japanese words each beginning with
the letter “S”
• Translated into English as:– Sort, Set, Shine, Standardize, Sustain
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Exploring 5S• “A visually-oriented system
for organizing the workplace to minimize the waste of time”
• “Clears the clouds”– Eliminates the waste of
motion/ looking for things
• Makes the abnormal visually obvious
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Does this look familiar?
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Some more on 5S• It is NOT simply cleaning up!
• Following 5S principles helps provide the disciplined habits necessary for further phases of Lean implementation
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5S: Five Hills Health Region (before)
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5S: Five Hills Health Region (after)
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More from Five Hills
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Process mapping• Obtain clearer understanding of how the process
currently operates
• Helps “learn to see” and “develop eyes for waste”– Redundant processing, unnecessary movement or
wait time
• Assist with identifying and planning improvements
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Process mapping in practice
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Facilitating communication
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Lessons learned• Culture, culture, culture
– Top-down vision
– Front-line enthusiasm
• Build your own capacity
• The first pass through a process map can identify obvious sources of waste
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Lessons learned• Let your data tell the story
• There is a difference between a good idea and the right idea
• Imbed improvement events within the day-to-day operations of your organization
• Start with maintenance or purchasing
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Part II
• Lean Application in Post-Secondary Institutions
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Words of Wisdom
• "Any intelligent fool can make things bigger, more complex, and more violent. It takes a touch of genius - and a lot of courage - to move in the opposite direction."
• "Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new."Albert Einstein
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Strategic Thinking
Old Mind
• Develop strategic plans• Operate independently• Lead with authority• Cope with technology• Delegate financial
management• Communicate facts and logic• Manage risk• Become an expert
New Mind
• Plan, think strategically
• Lead with vision & teams
• Leverage technology
• Develop personal business acumen
• Uses metaphors, stories, images
• Balance risk and reward
• Remain a learner
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Strategic sense
Management
Get on the Balcony 1
1 Heifetz, R.A & Laurie, D.L. (2001)
Leadership
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Strategic Planning Model (Traditional) INDUSTRIAL DIVISION STRATEGIC PLANNING PROCESS
Strategic Planning Cycle
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Strategic Thinking Model
Strategic Planning“What and Why”
Supporting Objectives “What”
Evaluate Plan in Action“How”
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Why Lean? Public sector perspective - Finance stewardship
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Why Lean? Public sector perspective - Human resources and capacity
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SIAST’s Approach (How?)
• SIAST and division strategic plan• Business case• Survey• Strategic direction• Lean program pilot
– Industrial Mechanics Labs and Classrooms
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Leaning Industrial Mechanic’s Program “Pursuing Excellence”
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Leaning Industrial Mechanic’s Program “Pursuing Excellence”
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Leaning Industrial Mechanic’s Program “Pursuing Excellence”
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Leaning Industrial Mechanic’s Program “Pursuing Excellence”
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SIAST - Lessons Learned
• Plant the seed early• Find and support champions• Don’t go it alone• Find quick wins • Leverage success• Communicate effectively and frequently• Educate, educate, educate• Remain focused and determined
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SIAST - Future Direction
• Industrial Division– Expansion of lean practices
– Self sufficiency
– Education and training (Green belts)
• Registration Services– Registration process
– Student transcript process
– Waitlist management
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Potential Post-Secondary Applications
• Facility maintenance• Care-taking services• Food services• Finance, procurement and inventory control• Student registration and transcript processes• IT processes (student and staff course management,
libraries)• Classroom scheduling• Research and publications
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Q & A
• Keith Willoughby, [email protected]
• Denis Caron, [email protected]