( H K O S H A )

( H K O S H A )

G P O Box 7100, Central, Hong Kong SAR, China.Tel : 2332 9210 Fax: 2770 0542e-mail : [email protected]

Home page : http://www.hkosha.org.hk

香港職業安全衛生協會Hong Kong Occupational Safety and Health Association

Safety and Health Seminar

for

CIC Guidelines on Safety of Lift Shaft Works (Volume 2 – During Lift Installation Stage until Issue of

Occupation Permit and Handing Over to Developer)

Speaker : C Y Yeung

30 March 2012


Lift Installation Works• equipment delivery and hoisting• guide rail installation• architrave, landing door, hall button and indicator

installation• machine room and machine-room-less devices

installation• electrical wiring• assembly of cage, counterweight and roping• adjusting and testing


Lift Installation Safety Plan• the lift installation contractor should draft the lift

installation safety plan and submit it to the planning team for consideration. After the planning team finalizes the plan, the plan should be signed by the Project Manager or Site Agent of the main contractor and properly documented by the RSO

• the type of lift (machine-room-less lift, jump lift)• copies of lift configuration attached to the plan• the plant & equipment of the lift installation works• the use of bamboo or metal scaffold, guided-SWP,

platform lift or in case of jump lift, the use of a heavy-duty appliance


Lift Installation Safety Plan• the position of floor openings in a lift machine room,

structural links in the ceiling of a lift shaft and structural anchors and eye bolts for the uses of a guided-SWP, a trimmed scaffold and independent lifelines

• the type of a heavy-duty lifting appliance to hoist up lift shaft platforms and machine components of a jump lift to upper level of a lift shaft

• if a guided-SWP of a platform lift is used, the provision of lift shaft fencing (1.8m in height across the door openings of a lift shaft) in addition to lift shaft protection cages specified in Figure 5 of Vol. 1 of the Guidelines


Lift Installation Safety Plan• the administration of permit-to-work systems on

hazardous trade processes such as hot work and electric arc process

• if the building is under TOP arrangement, the corresponding safety and protection measures

• the content, frequency, and duration of safety & health training for lift worker

• the risk assessment report (Annex C)• planning team should prepare a pre-work check

reference (Annex D)• handover checklist for checking & recording the

conditions of the lift shaft (Annex E)


Lift Installation Safety Plan• workers are not allowed to work at the same time, if

unavoidable develop and implement a permit-to-work system

• worker working alone should be avoided, if impracticable sufficient communication devices such as motion sensor should be provided in addition to walkie-talkie

• worker inside lift shaft should be verbally communicate with a nearby co-worker

• lift installation safety plan should be kept on site for readily inspection


A Planning Team• site management and supervisory representatives

from the main contractor, lift installation contractor and subcontractors including:

- Project Manager / Engineer

- Site Agent

- Registered Safety Officer (RSO)

- Site supervisory and any related personnel• participate in the planning process and the

endorsement of the lift installation safety plan


Planning of Lift Installation Works• agree on the boundary and the portion of a lift shaft

handed over• complete, partial or sectional handover• subsequent management and maintenance• the safety provisions to be handed over and

maintained by the lift installation contractor• the handover arrangement should be properly

documented (Annex F)


Planning of Lift Installation Works• examine the types of hot work and electric arc

process carried out inside a lift shaft• as far as practicable, hot work and electric arc works

should be avoided• if unavoidable no lift worker and other trade worker

to work simultaneously• adequate measure/protection to resist the spread of

fire• temporary facility/installation including scaffoldings,

formworks, platforms, plankings and strutting etc. should be constructed of non-combustible materials


Provision and Maintenance of Temporary Works • the lift installation contractor should not alter and cut

any members of a scaffold• Form 5 should be displayed at ground floor entrance• altered scaffold should be supported and reinforced

by designated anchors in accordance with the designed requirements stipulated in the lift installation safety plan

• check the loading capacity of a scaffold used for the installation of a machine-room-less lift

• Machine component should be properly rigged to avoid any sudden impact on the scaffold due to the irregular movement


Provision and Maintenance of Temporary Works • keep all the keys and locks of lift shaft protection

cages in an orderly manner• the keys should be released to other subcontractors

under the conditions of a permit-to-work system• a log book to register the location of the door keys or

the person-in-charge for holding such keys• warning notices firmly fixed and properly maintained• Openings for landing door, emergency doors,

inspection doors and access panels properly covered and protected to prevent any personnel or objects falling from height


Plant• if a platform lift is used, a Registered Lift Engineer

(Lifts and Escalators (Safety) Ordinance, Cap 327) should examine the appliance before it is put into use (refer to the Compliance Notes on Platform Lift issued by LD)

• a Registered Lift Engineer should examine the assembled lift before it is used to carry lift workers (Annex G)

• when a winch, a chain block system or similar lifting appliance is used to convey lift components, a Competent Lift Worker (Lifts and Escalators (Safety) Ordinance, Cap 327) should be employed to install anchor bolts of the appliance


Equipment• the main contractor should coordinate for the

arrangement of electrical supply (110V) , earthing, illumination and ventilation

• the location of temporary electricity supply should be indicated clearly on the lift installation safety plan

• the lift installation contractor should ensure adequate illumination by 110V connected to an isolated transformer, ventilation and effective communication systems

• fire retarding sheet (BS 5867-2:2008 Type B) used to prevent sparks of hot work or electric arc process from falling onto combustible materials or suspension/safety ropes of a guided-SWP


Specific Precautions for Lift Installation• a suitable anchorage or a tailor-made cross beam

(BSEN 795) with a retractable device provided• rescue procedures and evacuation arrangement• workers simultaneous working at two different levels

is strongly NOT advisable• if a load may have effect on the permanent structure,

a TCP of grade T5 to certify the plans, design information/justification, load bearing capacity, fixing details and/or method statement of the anchorages which are to be submitted to the Project RSE

• certify the completion of such works


Implementation of a Permit-to-work System• main contractor to manage and administer the

permit-to-work system• permit-to-work system enforced on the hazardous

trade processes - other trade workers to work inside the lift shaft

where lift workers are installing a lift - lift workers work below a guide-SWP or a platform

lift - lift workers work in a deep lift pit (over 2.5m deep) - hot work or electric arc process - lift workers work on the car top of an assembled lift

car


Provision of Effective Communication System• the planning team to develop and implement an

effective communication system which should be clearly defined in the lift installation safety plan

• mobile phone should not be considered an effective communication for workers working inside a lift shaft


Provision of Training• induction safety training provided by the main

contractor• trade specific safety training including findings of the

risk assessment report, the safety procedural steps of a method statement and the implementation of a permit-to-work system provided by the lift installation contractor

• green card• not less than half day lift installation related safety

training by a lift installation contractor• silver card – Lift Mechanic and Worker for Lift

Installation (Installation and Maintenance)


Provision of PPE• the main contractor to install 3 sets of independent

lifelines• at least one independent lifeline located near the

door openings• the position of lifelines defined in a lift installation

safety plan• reflective vest provided to all workers working inside

lift shaft


Special Attention to Buildings under TOP Arrangement• fire safety, occupants’ safety and workers’ safety

maintained at all time until a full TOP issued• for fire protection, reference made to the

requirements stipulated in the relevant CoPs concerning fire safety issued by the Building Authority (BA)

• safety measures specified under the TOP should be properly covered by the lift installation safety plan

• these specific measures included in the main contractor’s on-site induction safety training


Special Attention to Buildings under TOP Arrangement• alternations/modifications to the aforesaid safety

measures should consult planning team and confirm by AP and finally approve by BA

• fire protection/separation under TOP arrangement is to be altered resulting in amendment of the TOP boundary plan, AP should seek approval from BA prior to the commencement

• fire protection/separation should not be penetrated by temporary supply of electricity, ventilation or the like

• the MC, in coordination with the LIC should continue to overall administer, manage and maintain the temporary safety measures including fire protection/separation under TOP arrangement


Risk Management

- determine priorities

- allocate resources



風險 ≠ 危害Risk ≠ Hazard

風險評估 ≠ 危害識別Risk Assessment ≠ Job

Hazard Analysis

British Standard BS 8800:2004

Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems

Hazard

source or situation with a potential for harm in terms of death, ill health or injury, or a combination of these

Hazard Identification

process of recognizing that a hazard exists and defining its characteristics


Risk

combination of the likelihood and consequence(s) of a specified hazardous event

Risk Assessment

process of identifying hazards and evaluating the risks to health and safety arising from these hazards taking account of the existing risk control (or, in the case of a new activity, the proposed risk controls)

Risk Control

selection and application of suitable measures to reduce risk


Unacceptable Risk

risk that cannot be accepted whatever the level of benefits gained from the activity giving rise to the risk

Tolerable Risk

risk at a level that can be accepted provided risk controls are implemented to reduce risk as low as is reduce risk as low as is reasonably practicablereasonably practicable i.e. reduced to the point where it can be shown that the costs (in terms of time, money and/or effort) of further risk reduction would be disproportionate to the further benefits


Aacceptable Risk

risk that is regarded as insignificant either as it stands, or as a result of risk control

Each organization should define, according to its own Each organization should define, according to its own circumstances, the boundaries between levels of risk. circumstances, the boundaries between levels of risk. The level of risk should be determined as an The level of risk should be determined as an unacceptable risk, tolerable risk or an acceptable unacceptable risk, tolerable risk or an acceptable risk.risk.


風險評估 (risk assessment)

Risk assessment is a process comprising

• hazard identification 危害識別• risk assessment 風險評估 • risk control 風險控制


Hazards

Physical Hazards

Chemical Hazards

Biological Hazards

Psychological Hazards


Physical Hazards• slippery or uneven ground leading to slips/falls on a

level• work at heights, leading to falls (linked to factors such

as the distance of the fall)• falls from height of objects such as tools or materials,

leading to impacts on passers by• inadequate space to work, such as low headroom,

leading to head impacts• poor ergonomics (e.g. bad posture or repetitive

work), leading to acute or chronic health effects


Physical Hazards• manual lifting/handling of materials, etc., with the

potential for back, hand and foot injuries (linked to factors such as the characteristics of the load)

• trappings, entanglement, burns and other hazards arising from equipment

• transport hazards, either on the road or on premises/sites, while travelling or as a pedestrian (linked to the speed and external features of vehicles and the road environment

• fire and explosion (linked to the amount and nature of flammable material)


Physical Hazards• harmful energy sources such as electricity, radiation,

noise or vibration (linked to the amount of energy involved)

• stored energy, which can be released quickly and cause physical harm to the body (linked to the amount of energy)

• frequently repeated tasks, which can lead to upper limb disorders (linked to the duration of the tasks)

• unsuitable thermal environment, which can lead to hypothermia or heat stress


Physical Hazards• Violence to staff, leading to physical harm (linked to

the nature of the perpetrators)• ionising radiation (from x- or gamma-ray machines or

radioactive substances)• Non-ionising (e.g. light, magnetic, radio-waves)


Chemical Hazards• substances hazardous to health or safety due to

inhalation (such as carbon monoxide (CO) the hazard would be liked to the amount of CO)

• contact with, or being absorbed through, the body (such as acids the hazard would be linked to the strength and amount of the acid)

• ingestion (i.e. entering the body via the mouth), such as lead paint

• stored materials that degrade over time (such as oxidizers)

• lack of oxygen


Biological Hazards• Biological agents, such as bacteria or viruses that

might be:

i) inhaled

ii) transmitted via contact with bodily fluids (including needle-stick injuries). The hazard would be linked to the nature of the pathogen

iii) ingested (e.g. via contaminated food products)


Psychological Hazards• excessive workload, lack of communication or

control, workplace physical environment, leading to stress (linked to the magnitude and duration of stressors)

• physical violence, bullying or intimidation within the workplace, leading to stress

• involvement in a major incident, leading to post traumatic stress. The hazard would depend on the nature of the incident



Classify workactivities

Identifyhazards

Identify riskcontrol Estim

ate risk

Determinethe tolerabilityof the risk

Prepare risk control

action plan to improve

risk controls as necessaryReview adequate ofaction plan – confirmwhether risks are nowacceptable or tolerable

Ensure risk assessmentand controls are effective and up-to-date

The process of risk assessment and control

Revie

w

風險管理Authority/

Responsibility

風險評估Assessment

評估剩餘風險Residual Risk

評估執行Verify

Implementation

覆檢Review

風險暴露Exposure 人、機械、產品、環境

風險記錄 Risk Register

鑑別危害，決定可接受及剩餘風險，風險評估，減低風險

識別危害，決定風險嚴重性及可能性，決定風險水平，決定控制及安全措施

可接受、減低、避免、風險轉移

控制及安全措施


風險評估 (risk assessment)

Hierarchy of Risk Control• eliminate hazards, e.g. use of safe substance instead

of a dangerous one• reduce the risk at source, by use of low voltage

electrical appliances, introduce machinery guards• reduce risk via procedures and safe systems of work• adopt personal protective equipment (PPE)


最有效控制最有效控制

有效控制有效控制

設計改變 (Design Change)

安全工程設計 (Engineered Safety Features)

安全裝置 (Safety Devices)

警告裝置 (Warning Devices)

程序及訓練 (Procedures and Training)


風險控制 (Risk Control)

Frequency / Likelihood


Severity / Consequence



Risk Matirx 風險矩陣

Risk Rating


Priority of Safety Precautions



Sample Risk Assessment

1.0 Construction works carried out inside lift shaft before handover

2.0 Lift installation

3.0 Partial handover of lift shaft under TOP





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