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Careers in EducationThis presentation will explore different careers in education—looking at the continuum from the perspective of education required (from Associate to Graduate Degrees):
What Does a Preschool Teacher Do?A preschool teacher works with young children in a child development facility, such as a preschool, day care center, public or private elementary school, or employer sponsored center. The preschool teacher plays an important role in young children’s development and must be able to:
– Establish and maintain a safe, healthy learning environment,– Advance children’s physical and intellectual competence,– Support children’s social and emotional development,– Establish positive and productive relationships with families, and– Implement a purposeful program responsive to children’s needs.
Source: Beaty, J. (2000). Skills for preschool teachers. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill.
Under Title 5 regulations, those who work in state-contracted and state-funded full-day child development program or half-day preschools must hold a Child Development Permit. Several levels of permit exist, each with specific education and experience requirements.
Permit Title Requirements Authorization
Assistant Teacher
6 units of Early Childhood (ECE) or Child Development (CD)
Assist in the instruction of children under the supervision of Associate Teacher or above.
Associate Teacher
12 units ECE/CD including core courses
50 days of 3+ hrs per day within 2 years
May provide instruction and supervise Assistant and Aide.
Teacher 24 units ECE/CD including core courses
16 units General Education
175 days of 3+ hrs per day within 4 years
May provide instruction and supervise Associate, Assistant, and Aide.
• whose position is either instructional in nature or who delivers other direct services to students and/or their parents; and
• who works under the supervision of teachers or other professional staff who have the ultimate responsibility for the design, implementation and evaluation of education and related services programs and student progress.
Examples include: educational aide, special education aide, teacher assistant, pupil service aide, library aide, child development aide, and physical education aide
What is Required to be a “Highly Qualified” Paraprofessional?
• The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), also known as The No Child Left Behind Act, requires that all paraprofessionals who work in programs funded by Title I prove that they are “highly qualified.” There are three ways that paraprofessionals may prove they are highly qualified:– Complete an associate degree OR – Complete two years of college OR – Demonstrate knowledge of reading, writing, math, and the ability
to assist in instructing these subjects. This demonstration must be met through a state or local academic assessment, which does not necessarily mean a pencil and paper test.
• See more at: – Are you A Highly Qualified Paraprofessional?
The teacher's job is to assure that all students learn the basic and essential skills at each grade level. Responsibilities include:Instructional Process
– Plans and implements a program of instruction that adheres to the district goals and objectives.
– Creates appropriate lesson plans that provide for effective teaching and maximizes time on task.
– Encourages student enthusiasm for the learning process and the development of good study habits.
Classroom Management– Develops, in accordance with district school guidelines, reasonable rules of classroom
behavior and appropriate techniques that are consistently applied. – Shares responsibility during the school day for the supervision of students in all areas of the
school. Professional Growth
– Continues professional growth through workshops, seminars, and/or advanced course work. – Attends staff, department, and committee meetings as required.
Student Evaluation– Evaluates accomplishments of students on a regular basis using multiple assessment
methods such as teacher made tests, samples of students' work, mastery skills check lists, criterion-referenced tests and norm-referenced tests.
– Makes appropriate adjustments in the instructional program and as required by the principal.
Qualified” Teacher? – Multiple Subject for Elementary Teaching
• Job requirements include – a current Multiple Subject Credential; – undergraduate degree in Liberal Studies, Child
Development, or other academic discipline– Demonstrated expertise through examination of
competence in the subjects taught in the elementary classroom: Language Arts, Mathematics, Science, Social Science, Visual and Performing Arts, and Physical Education.
• Qualified to teach K-12 in a self-contained setting, but usually teaches in K-6 classrooms; teaches all subject areas appropriate for the elementary classroom
• Special Education is specially designed instruction that often incorporates related services to meet the educational, social emotional, and vocational needs of young children and students with disabilities.
• Students who meet the disability qualifications and are eligible for services are placed in either mild/moderate and moderate/severe settings. Placement is determined by the degree, amount and intensity of the services needed based upon multidisciplinary assessment results.
• MILD-MODERATE SPECIALIST CREDENTIAL, K-12– Most students who are placed in the mild moderate setting have a
single qualifying disability. They may require one or more specialized services provided within the school district. The mild part of mild moderate would be an RSP (Resource Specialist Program) setting.
• MODERATE- SEVERE SPECIALIST CREDENTIAL, K-12– The moderate part of moderate severe would be a full-inclusion setting
with dual enrollment in general education and special education or a Special Day Class for the Severe. Often, these students have multiple challenges and require services beyond the capabilities of their home school or district. The severe part of Moderate-Severe could be services provided in a hospital, home or institution.
• EARLY CHILDHOOD SPECIALIST CREDENTIAL, 0-5– Early Childhood consists of 0-3, infant toddler where the focus is on
the natural environment (usually the home) and the goals of the parents for their infant. At 3-5 years of age, the student transitions to preschool, where socialization and academics are stressed based upon the child's strengths and needs.
What Does a School Nurse Do?• School Nurses, who are the primary health care providers within the educational
environment, promote each student's attainment of optimum health status, physical and mental, to achieve their fullest potential as a learner and a person.
• What do school nurses provide that no one else in the school district can? – Assess health needs – Teach and promote health practices – Provide counseling, primary health care, emergency care, crisis management, and referrals – Provide communicable disease control – Access community resources – Perform mandated health screenings – Perform special health care procedures, i.e., IV therapy, catheterization, tube feedings
• A School Nurse: – Is a Registered Nurse (R.N.) – Has a baccalaureate degree – Has an additional year of post graduate education related to school health issues – Is credentialed by the Commission on Teacher Credentialing
• See more information at: – Profile of a School Nurse, San Diego City Schools
http://www2.sandi.net/health/newweb/profile.html – California School Nurses Organization http://www.csno.org/
• Educational, vocational, and school counselors provide individuals and groups with career and educational counseling.
• They work with students, including those with academic and social development problems and those with special needs. They:
– advocate for students and work with other individuals and organizations to promote the academic, career, personal, and social development of children and youths.
– help students evaluate their abilities, interests, talents, and personality characteristics in order to develop realistic academic and career goals.
– use interviews, counseling sessions, interest and aptitude assessment tests, and other methods to evaluate and advise students.
– operate career information centers and career education programs. – advise students regarding college majors, admission requirements, entrance exams, financial
aid, trade or technical schools, and apprenticeship programs. – counsel and support students with social or emotional problems – help students develop job search skills, such as resume writing and interviewing techniques.
• Job requirements include – Masters Degree and Credential
• See more information at: – Occupation Outlook Handbook, School Counselors http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos067.htm
• Today's school library media specialist works with both students and teachers to
– facilitate access to information in a wide variety of formats, – instruct students and teachers how to acquire, evaluate and use information and the
technology needed in this process, and – introduce children and young adults to literature and other resources to broaden their horizons.
• As a collaborator, change agent, and leader, the school library media specialist develops, promotes and implements a program that will help prepare students to be effective users of ideas and information, a lifelong skill.
• Job requirements include– Master’s Degree in Library Science and Teaching Credential
• See more information at: – School Library Media Specialist
• Reading Specialists support literacy development of preschool, K-12, and community college and university students through the following activities:
– Provide student assessment in reading, and student instruction that is responsive to the assessment.
– Develop, implement and adapt reading instruction, and assist teachers with respect to the prevention and intervention of reading difficulties.
– Develop, implement and adapt instruction, and assist teachers, to enable all students to read and comprehend the content of the curriculum.
• Employment opportunities for reading/language arts specialists are excellent. – Reading has become a priority in California schools and districts and the need for specialists at
elementary, middle, and high school levels is significant. – In addition, the demand for classroom teachers with a background in reading and the language
arts is strong. – There is also an increased need for professionals to teach reading at the community college
• Curriculum specialists help improve education through the following activities:
– developing curricula– selecting textbooks and other materials– training teachers– assessing educational programs– assist in implementing new technology
• Curriculum Specialist often specialize in specific subjects, such as reading, language arts, mathematics, or social studies.
• Job requirements include– A bachelor’s degree, teaching credential and teaching experience are usually
required, but a graduate degree is preferred.
• See more information at:– Instructional Coordinators, Occupation Outlook Handbook
• First, some facts about Community Colleges:– There are over 1,200 public and private two-year colleges, and 90% of the nation's
population is within commuting distance of one. – Annually, 6.5 million students enroll in two-year institutions – Generally, community colleges have three main divisions: continuing education,
technical education, and university transfer
• Community College faculty may be full or part-time. Full-time faculty usually teach 5 classes each semester and participate on faculty committees.
• Job requirements include – MA/MS in the academic discipline you teach.
• See more information at– Teachers, Postsecondary, Occupational Outlook Handbook
• University Professors perform some or all of the following duties:
– Teach one or more university subjects to undergraduate and graduate students – Prepare, administer and grade examinations, laboratory assignments and reports – Direct research programs of graduate students and advise on research matters – Conduct research in field of specialization and publish findings in scholarly journals or
books – May serve on faculty committees dealing with such matters as curriculum planning
and degree requirements, and perform a variety of administrative duties – May represent their universities as speakers and guest lecturers – May provide professional consultative services to government, industry and private
individuals.
• Job requirements include– doctorate degree in the field of specialization; licenses may also be required for
professors in professionally regulated fields
• For more information, see – Postsecondary Teacher Job Outlook, Career Advantage
• Choose a career other than K-12 classroom teaching:– Preschool teaching– Paraprofessional– Educational administration– School Nursing– School Counselor– Reading Specialist– School Librarian– Community College Instructor– University Faculty Member
• Review the resources provided in the presentation or on the next two slides.
• In your Blue Book, summarize what you’ve learned about this career in education.