Complete the crossword on hormones of the menstrual cycle.

Complete the crossword on hormones of the menstrual cycle

If fertilisation happens and a fertilised egg implants, pregnancy begins

Pregnancy can be thought of the time of conception to the moment of birth

Periods usually stop during pregnancy

First Trimester - Weeks 1 - 12 Second Trimester - Weeks 13 - 27 Third Trimester - Weeks 28 - 40

• 1 – 2 weeks– Day 3 – 4 after fertilisation the embryo travels

towards the uterus– Day 5 – 9 implantation in the uterus takes places and

placenta begins to form• 2 – 4 weeks – Foundations of brain, spinal cord and nervous system

established– Primitive heart established and begins to beat after 4

weeks– Limbs and muscles begin to show

• 5 – 12 weeks– Head, mouth, liver established– Brain begins to control muscles and organs– By week 8 it is called a foetus– By week 12 the foetus moves its hands, has finger

prints, makes facial expressions, sleeps

Weeks 13 - 27◦ Development of:

Muscles Eyelids finger & toe nails sex organs Sweat glands

◦ Skin changes from transparent to opaque

By week 28 the foetus can exhale, inhale and cry.

Skin begins to thicken and fat is stored underneath it

After 40 weeks, the baby is ready to be born as all organs have grown big enough to cope with the outside world.

Trimester cut and stick

• The giving birth process is called labour• Labour begins when:– the baby’s head is facing down in the pelvis and

is said to be ‘engaged’–Oestrogen & progesterone levels fall and a new

hormone OXYTOCIN (from pituitary gland) causes contractions of the uterine wall

• Labour is said to have three stages– The first stage is cervical dilation– Second stage is the actual pushing phase and the

birth of the baby – Third stage is the delivery of the placenta

The cervix widens enough to allow the baby to pass through a birth canal and out of the vagina and then out

At some stage get:◦ “show” – reddish discharge which is the mucus

plug followed by◦ “Waters breaking” – amniotic fluid released

Cervix dilates to 10cm and then stage 2 starts

Contractions become stronger and mother begins to push

The baby emerges head first and cries to re-oxygenate itself

The umbilical cord is cut

Also known as the “after birth” Contractions start again when the placenta

comes away from the uterus and passes down the birth canal and out of the vagina