Integrated Farming mix with Casuarina to increase our land productivity and save our world from tsunami and earthquake .By Suhardi Fac of Forestry Gadjah Mada UniversityYogyakarta Indonesia.
Jan 13, 2016
Integrated Farming mix with Casuarina to increase our land
productivity and save our world from tsunami and earthquake
.By Suhardi
Fac of Forestry Gadjah Mada UniversityYogyakarta Indonesia.
The objectives of the research
• 1. To utilize the unproductive area for food and wood production
• 2. To get the best inocula for Casuarina equisetifolia in nursery
• 3. To get the best trees for wind barrier from several area in Indonesia and reduce the tsunami effect.
• 4. To get best food crop after wind barrier• 5. To increase more possible income for
farmer
Casuarina still survive after tsunami
Coconut trees and casuarina are also survive after tsunami and save many people
from tsunami and lack of food
Mosque and coconut trees and also casuarina are the last survivor
All buildings made by people or human being are all destroyed but
not the trees
Beginning site of rehabilitation
The beginning site of rehabilitation to protect and increase the productivity
( eventhough some area are also found as mangrove site but Indonesia mostly dominated by sandy and open area)
Why we have to utilize coast land
• Length of coast land about 81,000 km in Indonesia ( the longest beach in the world)
• In the case of Special Province of Yogyakarta is about 8,000 ha ( Sultan Ground and Paku Alaman Ground ) and the rest is belong to farmer/ private but not yet identified.
• Farmer in Yogyakarta has only < 0.2 ha/farmer ( needed to increase the area)
Problems of ulization of coast land
• Very high content of salt and cause damage directly and indirectly to the crop and trees Less of organic matter
• All of the infrastructure will be destructed by salty of air, water and vapor
• Strong wind will increase evaporation and also transpiration of all crops and need a lot of water
Casuarina equisetifolia sp for wind barier
• It has special nitrogen fixing microorganism of Frankia sp
• 12 % used for industries and the rest still for fire work
• The genus resistance to alkalis and high saline• Best for fire work and best quality• Medicinal plant from skin of stump can be used
for stomachache and dysentry while the leaves for headache
After one year planting of Casuarina equisetifolia( setahun
setelh rehabilitasi)
Agroforestry system mix with corn( campuran dengan jagung)
SAMAS beach before and after rehabilitation
After rehabilitation
Casuarina equisetifolia after fruiting
What crops could be planted under and after Casuarina equisetifolia ?
• Cassava could produce from 30 to 60 ton/ha/harvest ( ketela pohon )
• Artocarpus communis ( sukun)• Sweet potato ( ketela rambat)• Corn ( jagung)• Water melon ( semangka)• Peanut ( kacang tanah)• Pepper ( lombok )• Onion ( brambang )• etc
Pepper , corn and Casuarina equisetifolia
Pepper and corn with casuarina
Result of mono and heteroculture for planting methodsof vegetables ( Idha Widhi Arsanti et al, agrosains vol 16 (3) )
Total income Cost Profit
Parikesit hetero
229,508,463 104,059,477 125,448,985
Parikesit mono
52,641,135 53,745,630 - 1,108,495
Planting Solanum tuberosum
Cattle production
• Cattle such as :– Cow ( sapi)– Sheep ( kambing)– Duck ( itik)
For duck( peternakan bebek)
Cow for their population ,meat , energy and fertilizer
Fertilizer for sand dune /coast land
• A .90 ton/ha produce of cow dung and mulching 12 ton/ha – 8.62 ton/ha pepper
• B. 90 ton/ha with mulching 6 ton/ha produce – 2.74 ton/ha pepper
Onion production
• No cow dung fertilizer – 1.69 ton/ha
• With 90 ton cow dung fertilizer produce– 7.53 ton/ha
After two years of rehabilitation of Samas beach
Recreation area after suceed rehabilitation and could protect or
reduce tsunami effect
Under trees form floor as sleeping mat
Mushroom emerge after 4 years rehabilitation
Mushroom emerge after rehabilitation
Frankia formation on the root system
Frankia in the root of Casuarina Equisetifolia
5 Years after rehabilitation
5 Years after rehabilitation
Problems of infrastructure of irrigation should consider the resistance to saline
condition
This condition is ready for agroforestry system)
They start planting Casuarina equisetifolia
Another sample rehabilitation in Pandan Simo / shrimp company Indocor
In the beginning of rehabilitation
In the beginning of rehabilitation
After three months of planting
One year of rehabilitation after several planting were fail
Become nice site for recreation
After rehabilitation
10 years after rehabilitation
Ready for agroforestry or integrated farming and reduce tsunami effect