“ Arbeit Macht Frei ” The H olocaust Dictionary By: Madison Bernier

“Arbeit Macht Frei”The Holocaust Dictionary

By: Madison Bernier

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Gypsies Book Burning Gas ChambersAuschwitzDeath MarchesStar of David

Table of Contents

Gypsies were also discriminated against during the Holocaust. Some Germans believed gypsies were pure Aryans and deserved to live, others believed they were wrong and believed the deserved to suffer because of their religion. Many Gypsies were called many different names one of their names was “The Gypsie Menace”. They also faced restrictions similar to the Jews, but not as harsh and they did not have to wear badges of Identification. Just like Jews, Gypsies were put into “Ghetto like areas”. Thousands were sent to concentration camps and many were gassed. An estimated 300,000 Gypsies were murdered by the Nazis

Rogasky, Barbra. “Smoke and Ashes.” New York: Holiday House. 1988. print.

Gypsies

Roma (Gypsies) being deported to Kozare and Jasenovac, both Croatian concentration camps. Yugoslavia, July 1942.

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in 1933, the Nazis began burning Jewish books and bibles. The Nazis felt as if it helped them show and gain leadership and power. The Nazis practiced book burning to show contempt for Jewish culture. They also destroyed their work places, temples and synagogues. Joseph Golebbels went to europe and had a mass book burning on May 10th, 1933. all of the book burning events pretty much destroyed all of their books and bibles.

Wigoder, Geoffery. “Book Burning”. The holocaust. 1997. print

Book Burning

At Berlin's Opernplatz, an SA man throws books into the flames at the public burning of books deemed "un-German." Berlin, Germany, May 10, 1933.

http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_ph.php?MediaId=3546

in 1941 gas chambers were being created. In 39october 1941, the Nazi halted Jewish immigration. In 1939-1941 they wanted Jewish ace under their control. The Wannsee Conference (The Final Solution), began on Jan. 20th 1942. they wanted total elimination if the Jewish race. Complex camps were located near each other so if they needed to get from camp to camp fast they could. Gassing began in Auschwitz in 1942-1944. an estimated amount of 900,000 to 1.3 million were killed at Auschwitz, and 8,000 people were killed a day. The Gas Chambers used Zyklon B. (a fatal gas that was used during the Final Solution). The camp had 5 gas chambers and were killing people so fast they did not have enough time to dispose of them

Hill, Jeff. “The Holocaust”. Detroit: omnigraphics inc, 206. print

Gas Chambers

GAS CHAMBERS; INTERIORS; MAUTHAUSEN; VIEWS ... Interior view of a gas chamber the Mauthausen concentration camp

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CONCENTRATION CAMPS; EXTERIORS; GAS CHAMBERS

in April 1941, chief of S.S. Heinrich Himmler ordered the establishment of Auschwitz. Auschwitz is the biggest and most deadly camp. It was located in a town in Poland called Oswiecim. Auschwitz was actually three camps, a forced labor camp, concentrations camp, and a death camp. Until march 1st 1941 the camp mostly consisted of poles. the camp changed whim Himmler ordered a that camp to be built. The death camp was located 5 miles away. The character . The name od the death camp was Birkenau named after near by trees. The third part of the camp the slave labor. The largest slave labor camp was Auschwitz. Auschwitz was also the 1st camp to have gas chambers.

Wigoder, Geoffrey. “extermination camps”. The Holocaust. 1997. print

Auschwitz

Main entrance to the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp. Poland, date uncertain.

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SS chief (Reichsfuehrer SS) Heinrich Himmler ordered that prisoners in all concentration camps and sub camps be evacuated toward the interior of the Reich. SS authorities did not want prisoners to fall into enemy hands alive to tell their stories to Allied and Soviet liberators. Some SS leaders, including Himmler, believed irrationally that they could use Jewish concentration camp prisoners as hostages to bargain for a separate peace in the west that would guarantee the survival of the Nazi regime. In 1944, most of the evacuations were carried out by train or, in the case of German positions cut off in the Baltic States, by ship

Grutman, Isarel. “death martches” encylicpidia of The Holocaust. 1990. print.

Death Matches

photograph of prisoners marching to Dachau

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In September 1941, the Nazi regime, at Goebbels's urgent request, ordered Germany's Jews over the age of 6 to sew on their clothing a yellow Star of David with the word Jude (Jew) in bold, Hebrew-like letters. The following year, the measure was introduced in France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Slovakia, and other lands under German control. Jewish children were also not allowed to attend school.

Adler, David. We Remember the Holocaust. New York. Henry Holt Company. 1989. print

Star of David

A yellow Star of David badge bearing the German word Jude (Jew)

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