एन्टीबायोटिक प्रतिरोध (Antibiotic resistance)

Antibiotic Resistance;DalGw ljBfno

:jf:Yo ;r]tgf sfo{qmd२०७३

GARP Nepal

Nepal Public Health Foundation

tkfO{nfO{ antibioticssf] af/]df s] yfxf 5

<<<<

kl/ro

;'IfhLjf0f'sf] ;+qmd0fsf lj?4df k|of]u x'g] cf}iflwnfO{ PG6Ljfof]l6s elgG5 .

Antibiotics eg]sf ZflQmZffnL cf}iflwx? x'g .

Antibiotics x? @);f}+ ZftfAbLsf rdTsfl/s cf}iflw x? x'g .

Penicillin klxnf] antibiotic xf] h'g !(@* df Alexander Fleming n] kQf nufPsf lyP .

Antibiotics x?df ;+qmd0f /f]Sg ;Sg] Ifdtf x'G5 .

kl/ro cont.…

• /f]usf] pkrf/ / /f]usf] /f]uyfd sf lglDt antibiotic x? dfgj / hgfj/ b'j} dfk|of]u ul/G5

• Antibiotic x?sf] k|of]u a[bL ljsf;sf lglDt s[lif / hgfj/ x?df klg k|of]u ul/G5

d'vaf6 v'jfpg] (tablets, capsules or syrup, suspension)

oL antibiotics x? gd| b]lv dWod vfnsf ;+qmd0fx?df k|of]u x'G5g .

aflxl/ Zfl//df nufpg] (creams, lotions, sprays or drops)

logLx? cfFvf sfg / 5fnfsf] ;+qmd0fdf k|of]u ul/G5g .

;'O{ åf/f lbg] ( Injection)

;fdfGo tof w]/} uDeL/ ;+qmd0f df k|of]u ul/G5g

Antibiotics k|sf/ x?

s] PG6Lafof]l6sx?n] ;a} /f]ux? la?4df sfd u5{g t<<<

ub}{gg ÛÛÛÛ= antibiotic x? la;f0f' -virus_ åf/f x'g] ;+qmd0f cyjf /f]ux?df sfd

ub}{gg .

h:t} pbfx/0f

Varicella (chicken pox) Rubella (German measles) The common cold Hepatitis Mumps

PlG6afof]l6sx?n] hLjg arfp+5===(Antibiotics Save Lives)

;fr} antibiotic x? rdTsfl/s cf}iflwx? x'g h:fn] cgluGtLnfvf}+ dflg; x?sf] Hofg hf]ufPsf] 5

!($@ kl5 penicillin n] dfq @)) nfv dflg;sf] Hofghf]ufPsf] 5

!($$ / !(&@ sf] lardf antibiotic sf] sf/0fn] dflg;sf] cf};t cfo' ( life expectancy) cf7 jif{n] a9]sf] lyof] .

BUT Too Much of Everything is as bad as too little

t/ cTolws w]/} x'g' klg yf]/} x'g' h:t} g/fd|f] xf]

s]lx d'Vo c;/ x? o; k|sf/ 5g:

PG6Lafof]l6ssf c;/x?

Efmf8fkvfnf -Diarrhea)

k]6 km'Ng] / ckr x'g] (Bloating and indigestion)

k]6 b'Vg] (Abdominal

pain)

ef]s gnfUg] (Loss of

appetite)]

afGtf x'g] (vomiting)

lrnfpg] / 3fp x'g] (Itching skin rashes)

vf]sL nfUg] (Coughing)

8/nfUbf] lr8lr8fx6 x'g]

(allergic reaction)

Thrush (candidiasis)

Antimicrobial resistance

Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic sf] w]/} k|of]u (overuse) / b'?kof]usf (Misuse)

sf/0f ……..

Antibiotic Resistance

PlG6afof]l6s k|lt/f]w (Antibiotics Resistance) eGgfn] ;'Id hLjf0f'x?n] /f]u lg/f]wscf}iflw ;+u ug]{ k|lt/f]w xf,] h'g cf}ifwL jf:tadf Tolx hLjf0f'x?af6 nfUg] /f]ux?sf] pkrf/df k|efjsf/L x''Gy] .

PlG6afof]l6s k|lt/f]w eg]sf] PlG6afof]l6sx?sf] c;/nfO{ k|lt/f]w ug]{ AofS6]l/ofx?sf] Ifdtf xf] .

Antibiotic k|lt/f]w (Resistance) eg]sf] s] xf] t ???

धेरै जीवाणुहरुमामा केहह औषधध प्रतिरोधक हुन्छन

एन्न्िबायोहिकहरुलेसंक्रमणबाि बचाउन रोग लगाउने र नलगाउने दवुै जीवाणु लाई माछछ

Antibiotic Resistances (k|lt/f]w) v]t b]lv 6]a'n ;Dd

lsg 5 t Antimicrobial Resistance ljZjsf] rf;f] <<<

ljZjdf clxn] gofF gofF k|lt/f]wsf (resistance) k|lqmofx? k|s6 eO{ a9\b} hfFbfxfd|f] ;fwf/0f ;+qmd0fsf] ;d]t pkrf/ ug]{ ;fdYo{df vt/f k}bf u/]sf] 5 . h;sf] sf/0fn]pkrf/af6 ;fdfGo hLjg latfpg ;Sg] dflg;x?df klg d[To' / c;Iftfsf] hf]lvd a9\b}uO/x]sf] 5 .

;+qmd0f la?4sf] k|efjsf/L pkrf/sf] cefjn], y'k|} :t/Lo pkrf/sf ljlwx? c;kmn tyfhf]lvd k"0f{ x'b} uO/x]sf 5g\ .

Antibiotic resistance a9\b} uP/ ;dfhsf nflu 7"nf] hg:jf:Yo ;d:of x+'b} uO/x]sf] 5 h;sf] sf/0f la/fdL b/, d[To" b/ / nfut -cost_ a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 .

Antibiotics Resistance sf] cj:yf

o'/f]k / cd]l/sfdf dfq} k|Tos aif{ PlG6afof]l6s k|lt/f]wsf sf/0f %),))) sf] d[To' x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

AofS6]l/ofsf] ;+qmd0f, dn]l/of, Ifo/f]u / PrcfO{eL h:tf /f]ux?df ePsf] cf}iflwk|lt/f]wsf] sf/0f ljZjdf k|To]s jif{ slDtdf&))))) dflg;x?n] Hofg u'dfO/x]sf 5g\ .

blIf0f k"jL{ Pl;og b]zx?df nfvf}+ dflg;x? k|lt/f]wL k/hLjLsf] (resistant parasite) hf]lvddf 5g\ .

:jf:YosdL{x?n] rflxg] eGbf a9L dfqfdf PlG6afof]l6s tf]Sg] -l;kmfl/;_ / lat/0f

ugf{n]

la/fdLx?n] tf]lsPsf] cjlw ;Dd cf};lw gvfO{ lbgfn]

kz'wg, t/sf/L v]lt / df5f kfngdf PlG6afof]l6ssf] clws k|of]u ugf{n]

:jf:Yo ;+:yfx?n] ;+qmd0f lgoGq0fdf nfk/jfxL ugf{n]

:jR5\tf / ;/;kmfO{sf] sldn]

gofF PlG6afof]l6sx?sf] ljsf; gx'gfn]

Antibiotic resistance ;+s6 lgDTofpg] ^ sf/s tTjx?

Antibiotic Resistance (k|lt/f]wsf) c;/x?

nf]df] ;do ;Dd /f]u lgsf] gx'g]

nfdf] ;do;Dd pkrf/ ug'{kg]{

d[To"b/ (Mortality) a9\g]

pkrf/sf] nflu dxFuf] cf}iflw (expensive drugs) rflxg]

:jf:Yo k|0ffnLdf (health system) af]em a9\g]5

:jf:Yo If]qsf pGgt k|lalwx? ;d]t c;kmn x'g] ;Defjgf a9\5, . h:t}

7"nf 7"nf zNolqmofx?

k|Tof/f]k0f / cGo

la/fdL dflg; k|lt/f]wL hLjf0f'sf] ;+sns -reservoir of resistant organism_ eP/ ;dfh / :jf:YosdL{x?df ;fg]{ sfd u5{g\ .

What can be done???

PlG6afof]l6s k|lt/f]wdf tkfO{sf] e"ldsf s] t <<<

k|dfl0ft :jf:YosdL{åf/f l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] cf}iflw dfq k|of]u ug]{

;~rf] ePsf] dx;'; ePtf klg l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] cf}iflw 8f]h k'¥ofP/ vfg]

afFsL /x]sf antibiotic x? k'g k|of]u gug]{

cfkm"n] k|of]u ug]{ PlG6afof]l6s c? s;}nfO{ k|of]u ug{ glbg] / c?n] k|of]u

ug]{ antibiotic cfkm"n] klg k|of]u gug]{

;+qmd0faf6 ;w} aRg'k5{ . To;sf] nflu lgoldt xft w'g], la/fdL dflg;sf] clt

3lgi7 eP/ ga:g], tyf rflxg] ;a} vf]k nufpg] .

1. k|dfl0ft :jf:YosdL{åf/f l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] cf}iflw dfqk|of]u ug]{

2. ;~rf] ePsf] dx;'; ePtf klg l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] cf}iflw 8f]h k'¥ofP/ vfg]

3. csf]{ k6s k|of]u ug{ antibiotics ;lr+t gug{'xf];

4. Antibioticsx? Ps csf{nfO{ af8\g] (share) gu/f}+

5. tf]s]sf] pkrf/ ;do ;ls;s] kl5 af+sL /x]sf] cf}ifwLTofUg'xf];

6. Antibiotics sf] cfjZostf 36fpg ;+qmd0fsf] /f]syfd

;+s|d0f Go'lgs/0f / /f]syfd af6 Antibiotic resistance 36fpg ;lsG5 . h;sf nflu

xft w'g] :j:Yf /xg]

;kmf kflg k|of]u ug]{ jtfj/0f ;kmf /fVg]

:jf:Yo ;:Yffdf x'g] ;+s|d0f 36fpg] vf]k nufpg]

lj/fdL cyjf /f]lu af6 6f9f /lx ;+s|d0f x'g af6 aRg]

Antibiotics should be the last line of defense

NOT the first

Antibiotic resistance comic….