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, . 2121/1993 - . 100/1975.
(, ..) , 51 . 2121/1993. All rights reserved
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AuthorEvangelos E. Hekimoglou
reseArchCoordination: Eufrosyne Roupa Research Assistant:
Ekaterini Papanicholaou
generAl editor - creAtive mAnAger Dimitris Lucas
trAnslAtionAnastassios Houliaras
editing mAnAgementMaria LepeniotiAnastassios Houliaras
Junior Art director - dtPCostas Papaconstantinou
cover illustrAtionStylianos Angelopoulos
tyPeseting - imAge editing N. Karamanlis Group Atelier
Printing - BindingN. Karamanlis Ltd.
- / ministry oF mAcedoniA And thrAce
isBn: 960-88644-1-0
: 113, .: 2310 272720, 2310 225972: 10 & , .. 106 80, .: 210
3634320, 210 3634330, 210 3634580, fax: 210 3634730
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36 37
HGThe arrival of the Greek army troops in 1912 at the liberated
city of Thessaloniki (Photography Museum of Thessaloniki, Angelos
Papaioannou s collection).
1912
( , ).
reece rePossessed the AreAs oF mAcedoniA And ePirus during the
first Balkan War. From october 1912 to november 1913 macedonia and
epirus, as well as the repossessed insular areas, were administered
under the form of administration of
occupied country, according to the international law and the
hague treaty of 1907. According to Article 430 of the
aforementioned treaty, as soon as the occupying country obtains the
essential power it owes to take all the measures that are depended
by it, in order to restore and reserve public order and public
life, respecting the current laws unless in case of insuperable
obstacles.the birth of the institution of general administrations
is historically connected to the application of
the RepResentative of the goveRnment
20 .
Postcards of the early 20th century, depicting the coastal
avenue of Thessaloniki.
A e i h - . 1912 1913 , ,
1907. , . 430 , - , , 3. , - 31 1912, : . , - , - 4. , - , . , .
, 5. , . . -, . . , , 6. 7. 1912 , , . - (). , , . , .
-
38 39
Taksim Pasha signs the protocol that delivers Thessaloniki in 26
October 1912.
26 1912.
The liberation of Thessaloniki in a lithography of that time.
(Valkaniki Polemi 1912-1913: Elliniki Laiki Ikonografia Historical
and Ethnological Society of Greece, Army
Staff of Greece, Athens).
, ( 1912-1913:
, , , ).
1912( , ).
The people of Thessaloniki welcome Eleftherios Venizelos at the
citys railway station in 1912 (Photography Museum of Thessaloniki,
Angelos Papaioannou s collection).
.
- -, , . - , . , 1913, - , - , . . - 17/30 1913, . . - , , - . ,
, , . - , - , - . , - . , .
. . , [] - , - - - , , . , , . - 8. 63% - - ( -
-
42 43 ( . ).
The facilities of the 3rd Army Corps in Thessaloniki (V. Kolonas
archives).
Eleftherios Venizelos, admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis and
Panaghiotis Daglis supervising Greek units in Thessaloniki,
December 1916.
, 1916 .
-
64 65
The fact that thoroughly changed the image of Thessaloniki was
the
terrible fire of August 5th 1917, which destroyed almost half
the historic center of the city. More than 9,500 houses were
destroyed and
some 70,000 citizens were left homeless.Bottom: aerophotograph
of the destroyed city of Thessaloniki.
Right: Eleftherias square and Venizelou street.
fter the ContraCt of athens, two different opinions were
expressed regard-ing general administrations. the former was that
through the normalization of the legisla-tion and the attachment of
the new areas in the Greek legal and administrational system
general administrations were not necessary anymore. the latter
emphasized on various difficulties in the application of
legislation and the particularity of the new areas, and in fact it
temporarily prevailed.the general administrations of epirus and the
islands were soon abolished, unlike the General ad-ministration of
Macedonia and the General administration of Crete. all general
administrations, including that of Macedonia, were abolished in
March 1915.then followed the formation of a revolutionary
government led by eleftherios Venizelos in thes-
Abolishment of the generAl AdministrAtions
5 1917 . 9.500 , 70.000 .: .: .
. ,
. , , 273/8/11.6.1914, . , , 524 24 1914, , . , . , , . - .
1915, , - . 1915 , ( 16/19.3.1915). . , - . 1917 - , . - ( 1913 )
29 191737. [] , 38, . , - ( - ). , , . , -
-
66 67
( -, , 1917,University Studio Press, 2002).
The residents of Thessaloniki clean up the area of Egnatia Odos
after the disastrous fire (Aleka Karadimou-Gherolimpou To chroniko
tis megalis pirkaghias, Thessalonik August 1917, University Studio
Press, 2002).
, 1917(. - . , 1900-1960, ).
Southwestern view of the Rsidency building after the fire of
1917 (C.Zafiris - A.Papatzitzikas, En Thessaloniki 1900-1960,
Eksantas Publications).
1917 ( , ).
Aerophotograph showing the destroyed area after the fire in 1917
(Thessaloniki Photography Museum. Angelos Papaioannou
collection).
-
69
(1.7.1917 - 15.2.1918).
Pericles ArghiropoulosMinister / General Manager
(1.7.1917 - 15.2.1918).
: Ernest Hebrard 1917.
Left: the historic center of Thessaloniki, redesigned by Ernest
Hebrard after the fire of 1917.
1918 ( ) ( , ).
The name that was given to the general administration in 1918
(Gheniki Diekissis Thessalonikis) (Historic Archives of Macedonia,
General Administration of Macedonia Archives).
1917 1912-1913. - 1918, . 1149/1918 .
-
1149/1918 - : ( - ) , . - , - , 39. , 2574/26/26.4.1921 - . , -
. , : , . , 3898/12/13.2.1929 , , , 40. 1149/1918, - - . , - - .
1149/1918 - 10/12.2.1918,
-
74 75
1912-13 , , . 1.300.000 , . ( , ).
After the victorious wars of 1912-1913 which doubled the Greek
area, the Asia Minor campaign and the following Disaster were meant
to mark the political, social and financial life of the country for
many decades. The arrival of 1,300,000 refugees created serious
problems in all sectors, since the Official State was unprepared in
both financial and institutional level for such a
situation.Pictures of Greek people rooted out from Asia Minor (Nea
Smyrni Photographic - Historic Archives, Manolis Megaloeconomou
collection).
YMA8_1YMA8_3