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Topics:The Nominal Sentence: subject & predicate

Comparison Between the Nominal Sentence and the Adjectival Phrase

The Detached (Separate) Personal Pronouns

The Attached Personal Pronouns

04/24/23 1Arabic Language MCMC 2007

The watch is new.اعة السجديدة The book is new.

الكتاب جديد

The nominal sentence begins with a subject (مبتدأ ), which is definite, and has a predicate (خبر), which is indefinite.

الفالح فقير

ارع الشواسع

س المدرغائب

الله حكيم

الكتاب ثقيل

يارة السثمينة

ماء السممطرة

الملكة قوية

The merchant is rich. The window is broken. The boy is hardworking.The room is spacious. The sentence is long. The lesson is difficult.The chair is strong. The desk is dirty. The mosque is beautiful.


Read and translate, then identify the subject and predicate:

.in gender and definiteness المنعوت agrees with النعت only in gender, not المبتدأ agrees with الخبرdefiniteness.

جديد كتاب الكتاب الجديد

الكتاب جديد

A new book. The new book. The book is new.

الفاكهة لذيذة.

الساعة الثمينة.

دار واسعة.

المسجد قريب.

شجرة طويلة.

النجم الثاقب.

الشمس طالعة.

القلم المكسور.

الكرسي صغير.

سيارة قديمة.

الباب المفتوح.

البيت جميل.

خليفة حكيم.

الشاي . حار

الماء البارد.

غرفة نظيفة.

Which of the following are مبتدأ وخبر and which are منعوت.Translate ?ونعت

I أنا You f أنت

You m أنت

Sheهي

He هوWho are you? من أنت؟ Who are you? من أنت؟

I am Zaynab. أنا زينب. I am Zayd. أنا زيد.And who is this?

ومن هذه؟ And who is this?

ومن هذا؟

This is Fatima.هذه

فاطمة. This is Umar. هذا عمر.

Is she a student?أهي

طالبة؟ Is he a student?أهو

طالب؟Yes, she is a student.

نعم هي طالبة.

Yes, he is a student.

نعم هو طالب.

These are used as the subject in a sentence.


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I, you (f), he, you (m), she. I am a Muslim. I am a student .He is a teacher. She is Fatima. You (f) are a bright student.You (m) are a hardworking student. He is an old teacher.Is he a teacher? No, he is the new principal. He is a serious man.Who is she? She is a teacher. Is she a new teacher? Yes, she is new.

Translate :

أمهندس أنت؟

سة هي مدروعالمة.

هو مسلم جديد.

نعم ، أنا سة. مدر

سة أمدرأنت؟

ال، أنا فالح.

هل هو أحمد؟

نعم ، أنا يوسف.

أأنت يوسف؟

ال ، هي هند. هل هي زينب؟

نعم ، هو أحمد.

يـ كـ كـ هاـ هـmy your your her his

These pronouns are attached to nouns and show possession. E.g.

يكتاب ككتاب ككتاب هاكتاب هكتابmy book your book your book her book his book

سيارتي

سيارتك

سيارتك

سيارتها

سيارته

my car your car your car her car his carNote: when the pronoun is attached, the Tanwin is dropped.

Also ة becomes a ت before an attached pronoun.

04/24/23 Arabic Language MCMC 2007 7

ك ، أختك ، قلمه ، بيته ، ساعتها ، أمته ، خالي وخالتي ه وعم عم

قميصك ، كرسيي ، صالتها ، زوجتك ، زوجها ، جنتي ، قبلته ،

ربي وربك الله ؛ اإلسالم ديني ؛ د نبيي ؛ القرآن كتابي محم

ما اسمك؟ اسمي عبد الله ، أهذا صديقك؟ نعم هذا صديقي .

His room, her desk, my aunt, your (m) car, your (f) school, his city,My sister is her friend, this is my mother and this is my father, Your maternal uncle and your paternal uncle, his hand and his foot,Bilal is my brother and Zaynab is my sister, your car is expensive,Are you his sister? Yes, I am his sister. Is she your mother? Yes, she is.

Translate :

The words أخ & أب take an extra و when a pronoun is attached. However, ي “my” is always preceded by a kasrah.

أبي

أبوك

أبوك

أبوها

أبوه

أخي

أخوك

أخوك

أخوها

أخوه

Translate into Arabic:

Umar, Is that your father? No, that is my brother. This is my father.Fatima, is that your father? Yes, that’s my father.That is Ahmad, this is his father and this is his mother.His father is honest and hardworking. His father is a doctor.His brother is a student. He is bright. This is his bag.

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