۲اقتصاد کلان

:A

.1

.2

:C.1

•

•

•

.2

:B

•

.a

.b

.c

.d

.e

.f

.g

.h

.1

.1

.2

.3

Monopoly

.A

.1

.2

.B

.C

.D

.E

.2

.3

E=1 , MR=0

E>1 , MR>0

E<1 , MR<0

•MR=P(1-1/E)

•

•

•(P-MC)/p

•MC=P

•

.4

.5

:

(a

(b

(c

(d

•

monopolistic competition

•

•

.1homogeneous and

heterogeneous

.2

.3

.4

.5

Oligopoly

•MC=MR

•

•

•

•

•

•

.1

.2

•

•

•

•

.1 .2 .3 .4

.1

.2

.3

.4

.5

.6

.7

.8

•(GNP) Gross National Product:

•

•

•V=P.Q :

•

.1

.2

.3

•

•

•

.1

.2

•

•

•NNP=GNP-D

•

•NNP=GNP-D

•

•NI =NNP-TiY

•

GNP & National Income

.1

.2

.3

(1

NNP

–

NI

–

NNP

GNP

.1

•

•

•

.2

•

.3:)(

GNP

•

.1

•

•

•

.2

.3

•

.4

•

GNP=C+I+G+(X-M)

.1

.2

.3

GNP=C+T+S

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Employment

.1

.2

.3

.4

.5

.6

.1

.2

.3

.1

.2

.3

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

.1

.2

(a

(b:

.A

.B

.1

.2

.3

.C

.1

.2

(a

(b

(c

.D

.1

(a

(b

.2

.3

.E

(a

.1

.2

.3

.4

.F

.1

.2

•

.3