التحليل المكاني للجزر الحرارية في مدينة الرياض مناور المطيري - إشراف أ.د. محمد إبراهيم شرف

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2. 3. -Urban ClimateCities Create Their own Climates--Heat lsland 4. --GI. scienceRS 5. - 6. -.1.2.3.4 7. - 8. 9. -(Digital)(Total Station)(GPS) 10. (Spatial Data)(Scann)(Raw Data)LandsatGPS(Attribute Data) 11. -.(Radiation Balance) 12. -165/04300166/04300(Mosaic)- 13. LandSat5(Geometric Correction)(Landsat)Ground ControlPointsGCP(Root Mean Square error)(ERDAS IMAGINE 9.3)(TM)Landsat 7Ground Control Points (GCP)- 14. (mosaic)(Radiance)(Mask )(Ground Control Points(GCP)(Raw Data)Rectification-(Geometric Correction) 15. (Standard Global Positioning System GPS)*wgs84UTM-- 16. -( Standard Global Positioning System GPS) 17. mosaic(ERDAS IMAGINE 9.3)(mosaic)--(mosaic) 18. (Contrast)(Breakpoints)(load)-- 19. (ERDAS IMAGINE 9.3)(BAND 6)(THERMINAL BAND)UHI--ETM+DATATMDATA(Radiance)T =k2In (1 +k1/L())L() = T- 273.1L()= G * DN + B 20. L() = G * DN + BDigital Number Value (DN)(Radiance)--(DN)(Radiance)(bias)(gain)(Header)(Aniello et. al., 1995)L() : RadianceG(Gain) = 0.05518 TMG(Gain) = 0.03720 ETM+DN =B (Bais) = 1.2378 TMB (Bais) = 3.2 ETM+L() = 0.05518* DN + 1.2378L() = 0.03720 * DN + 3.2: (TM): (ETM+) 21. -- 22. -T =K2In (1 + k1/L())(Aniello et. al., 1995) and (Weng, et. al., 2004):T :K1 : 607.76 TMK2 : 1260.56 TMK1 : 666.09 ETM+K2 : 1282.71 ETM+L() : RadianceT =1260.56In (1 + 607.76 /L())T =1282.71In (1 + 666.09 / L()): (TM): (ETM+) 23. -(Kelvin) 24. -L() = T- 273.1L()T273.1 25. - 26. (Mask)(Arc Gis)-(ERDAS IMAGINE 9.3)(img)(ArcMap)--IMG(ERDASIMAGINE 9.3)ArcMap-(ArcMap) 27. ------ 28. -(ArcGIS 29. - 30. - 31. - 32. - 33. ---ArcGIS 34. - 35. - 36. - 37. - 38. - 39. - 40. - 41. -(SpatialData )(Attribute Data )(ID)(LandSat5 LandSat7) 42. 43. ----- 44. -- 45. --- 46. ----- 47. - 48. - 49. -- 50. - 51. ---- 52. - 53. --- 54. - 55. 56. - 57. (Arc GIS)-- 58. --- 59. - 60. -(R2)- 61. -(R2)(R2)(R2)(R2) 62. 63. - 64. -- 65. - 66. -Temperature RiskQualitativeRisk AssessmentQuantitative Risk AssessmentWatson & lab-- 67. --- 68. - 69. - 70. - 71. - 72. - 73. ----- 74. -- 75. -- 76. -- 77. -- 78. --- 79. - 80. 81. 82. .1.2.3.4 83. 84. .1.2.3.4.1