THE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER
EDUCATION IN BOTH PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR: AN APPLIED STUDY ON
THE CITY OF JEDDAH
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(( ABSTRACTTHE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT
OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN BOTH PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR: AN APPLIED
STUDY ON THE CITY OF JEDDAH We are living in an age of burst of
information and an immense technological revolution in all aspects
of life. This advancement in technology has allowed people to
communicate across the oceans, financial transactions to take place
at an international level, and companies from all over the world to
operate across the continents. As a result, a set of international
and cultural values has emerged, particularly at the higher
education level, playing an important role in the changing
globalization process. The private sector in Saudi Arabia is
presently offering great support to invest in all developing
fields, particularly education. Saudi authorities have encouraged
the use of the Internet at the individual, commercial and
governmental level, focusing on its educational role in the
development of a society based on Islamic values and beliefs. They
have also encouraged the integration of technology in the Saudi
educational system in order to prepare the kingdom for a new
educational system based on electronic and distance education.
5
Traditional educational institutions in the country are facing
several problems, particularly graduating students who lack skills
and abilities related to information technology. Communicating with
universities which value the importance of the Internet and
providing electronic and distance education technology will enable
the student to overcome many obstacles, particularly time and
travel. In addition, it will enable the universities to reach new
and varied categories of students who were previously unable to
have the opportunity to reach their curriculums. This major step
will provide education to all students, regardless of their
geographic location. This research aims at identifying the role of
information technology in developing higher education in the
private and public sector. It focuses on studying and analyzing
information technology related to distance education such as the
Internet, electronic mail services, video Conferencing, and many
others. Furthermore, this research discusses the factors, which
prevent faculty members from using information technology and help
them overcome the obstacles in order to reach fruitful outcomes in
the new distance educational system in both public and private
universities. In order to reach this goal, a field study has been
conducted on King Abdul-Aziz University as an educational
institution in the public sector, and other private colleges in
Jeddah. A questionnaire has been distributed in the university and
colleges for the purpose of this research. Among the 400 copies
distributed, 243 were valid for analysis, a percentage of 60,75%.
The researcher test these questionnaires using a number of
descriptive statistical methods: repetition, average, One Way ANOVA
test and Chi Square Goodness Of Fit test. These methods were used
to analyze any statistical differences that might occur between the
sample answers and the research hypotheses. The researcher reached
the following outcomes: For faculty members, the most important
element of information technology is the Internet, followed by the
electronic mail service. This clearly shows the importance of these
elements in education. Statistical differences exist between the
use of information technology in public and private educational
institutions on one hand and the support of the administration for
the use of information technology on the other hand. There are no
statistical differences between the use of information technology
in public and private educational institutions and the awareness of
the faculty members and its importance in education. There are no
statistical differences between the use of information technology
in distance education and the availability of necessary technical
training offered for faculty members in both sectors of higher
education. There are statistical differences between the use of
information technology, particularly in distance education, in both
sectors of higher educational institutions and the cost of its
infrastructure and its material design. There are no statistical
differences between the adaptation of information technology in the
distance educational system and the availability of experts in
information technology in both sectors of higher education. There
are no statistical differences between the use of information
technology in higher education and gender. There are statistical
differences between the use of information technology in higher
education and age. There are statistical differences between the
use of information technology in higher education and academic
achievement.
6
There are no statistical differences between the private and
public sector in the use of information technology. This study will
be accompanied by a series of recommendations, which will actively
contribute to the development of the field of education and will
help in achieving its goals.
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