Top Banner
ũ . ƞƬƄƫř - Ʃƺů ƾƫƹŵ ƼƤŤƬƯ : ŠŨƿŶŰƫř šŚƿŵŚƈŤƣLJř ƾƟ ŠǀŝźƘƫř ƩŚưƗǃř šŚưƔƴƯ ƾƟ ƽźƨƠƫř ƩŚưƫř ŽŏŹ - ƾƯƺƿ : 13 ƹ 14 źŞưƀƿŵ 2011 ŗƒŕŧŶƃŒ ƇŒťƄŕƃŒ Ƒż ƑżŧŶƆƃŒ ŇŒťƖƃ ŗƒƄƒƄšř ŗŪŒŧť ¾ƍƆŋƆƃŒ ƍ ŴſŒƍƃŒ - έϮΘϛΪϟ : ϱΪϫΎΠϣ ΗΎϓ ΫΎΘγ ήοΎΤϣ ΔϳΩΎμΘϗϻ ϡϮϠόϟ ΔϴϠϜΑ ΔϳέΎΠΘϟ ϭ ήϴϴδΘϟ ϡϮϠϋ ϭ δΣ ΔόϣΎΟ ϲϠϋϮΑ ϦΑ ΔΒϴ - ϒϠθϟ Email: [email protected] Tel: 0661270857 ΫΎΘγϷ Γ : ˯ΎϴϤϟ ΔϴϔϳΎοϭ ΔϳΩΎμΘϗϻ ϡϮϠόϟ ΔϴϠϜΑ ΪϋΎδϣ ΫΎΘγ ΔϳέΎΠΘϟ ϭ ήϴϴδΘϟ ϡϮϠϋ ϭ ΔόϣΎΟ έΎΘΨϣ ϲΟΎΑ - ΔΑΎϨϋ Email: [email protected] κΨϠϤϟ : ϝΎϤϟ αέ Ϧϣ ˱ΪϳΪΟ ˱ΎϋϮϧ ΔϓήόϤϟ ΖΤΒλ ΪϘϟ αέ Ϧϣ ΔϴϤϫ ήΜϛϷ ΪϳΪΠϟ ΩΎμΘϗϻ ϲϓ ήΒΘόϳ ϱάϟ ϱήϜϔϟ ΔϠϐϟ κϗΎϨΗ ϥϮϧΎϘϟ ϊπΨΗ ϲΘϟ ΕΎϳΩΎϤϠϟ ˱ ΎϓϼΧ ϭ ˬϱΩΎϤϟ ϝΎϤϟ ΔϠϐϟ ΪϳΰΗ αΎγ ϰϠϋ ϞϤόΗ ϭ ΔϴΎϨΜΘγ Δόϓέ ΕΫ ΔϓήόϤϟ ϥΈϓ ˱ΩέϮϣ ΎϬϠόΠϳ ΎϤϣ ϲΎϬϧϻ . ΕΎόϤΘΠϤϟ ϪΑ ΖόΘϤΗ Ύϣ ϢϏέ ϭ ϝΰΗ ϻ ΎϬϧ ϻ· ΓήϴΧϷ ΓήΘϔϟ ϲϓ ϱΩΎμΘϗ έΎϫΩί Ϧϣ ΔϴΑήόϟ ϩάϬϟ ΔϴϓήόϤϟ ϭ ΔϴΟϮϟϮϨϜΘϟ ΎϬΘϴόΒΗ ΔΠϴΘϧ ΔϣΪϘΘϤϟ ϝϭΪϟ Γήϴγ ϞλΎΤϟ ωΎϔΗέϻ ϰϠϋ ϢΎϗ ϱέϮλ άϫ ΎϫέΎϫΩί ϥϷ ˬΓήϴΧϷ γ ϥ· ϲΘϟ ϭ ΕΎϗϭήΤϤϟ έΎόγ ΕΎϳϮΘδϣ ϲϓ ϝϭΪϟ ξόΑ ΎϬΘϠϐΘ ΩήϴΘγ ϲϓ ϻ· ΎϬϠϐΘδϳ Ϣϟ ήΧϵ ξόΒϟ ϥ ϻ· ΔϴΑήόϟ ΔϟϭΆδϤϟ ΔϟΎϤόϟ ϰΘΣ ϭ ΔϓήόϤϟ ΝΎΘϧΈΑ ΔτΒΗήϤϟ ΎϴΟϮϟϮϨϜΘϟ ϰΘΣ ϥ ΎϤϟΎσ ΔϣΪϘΘϤϟ ϝϭΪϟ ήγ ΔδϴΒΣ ΎϬϴϘΒϳ ΎϤϣ ˬΎϬϨϋ ΔϴΒϨΟ ΎϬϴϓ ΔϓήόϤϟ ΝΎΘϧ· Ϧϋ ΔϟϭΆδϤϟ ΔϟΎϤόϟ . ϟ ϚϨΒϟ ήϳέΎϘΘϟ ˱ΎϘϓϭ ϭ ϲϓ ΔϓήόϤϟ ΕήηΆϤΑ ΔτΒΗήϤϟ ϲϟϭΪ ˯Ω ϦϳΎΒΗ ΪϘϠϓ ιΎΧ ϞϜθΑ ϲΑήόϟ ϢϟΎόϟ ϭ ϡΎϋ ϞϜθΑ ϢϟΎόϟ ϢϟΎόϟ ϝϭΩ ϦϴΑ ΎϫϮΘδϣ ϭ ΔϴΑήόϟ ϝϭΪϟ . ΞϣΎϧήΒϠϟ ήϤΗΆϣ ϲϓ ΔϣΪϘϤϟ ΕϼΧΪϤϟ ϯΪΣ· ϲϓ ˯ΎΟ ΎϤΒδΣ ϭ ΓΪΤΘϤϟ Ϣϣϸϟ ϲΎϤϧϹ UNDP ϊϤΘΠϣ ˯ΎϨΑ ϝϮΣ ΕϭήϴΑ ϲϓ ϓήόϤϟ ϥΈϓ ΔϓήόϤϟ ϲϓ ˱ ήϴΒϛ ˱ ΎϋέΎδΗ ΓήϴΧϷ Δϧϭϵ ϲϓ Ζϓήϋ Δ Ύϣ Ϯϫ ϭ ˬϮϤϨϟ Ϧϣ ϕϮΒδϣ ήϴϏ ϯϮΘδϣ ώϠΑ ΚϴΣ ˬΎϫήϴϐΗ ϝΪόϣ ΕΎδγΆϣ ϭ ΕϼϴϬδΗ ϭ ΕΎϤψϨϣ ϭ ΕΎγΎϴγ ϩέϭΪΑ ΐϠτΘϳ ϝϼϐΘγ ϞΜϣ ΎϬϟϼϐΘγ ϭ ΎϬΗέΩϹ ΔμΘΨϣ Ϧϋ ΔΑΎΟϹ ϰϟ· ϩάϫ ΔϴΜΤΒϟ ΔϗέϮϟ ϑΪϬΗ ϡΪϘΗ Ύϣ ˯Ϯο ϰϠϋ ϲϟΎΘϟ ϝΆδϟ : " ϦϜϤϳ ϒϴϛ ϭ ˮΔϴΑήόϟ ϝϭΪϟ ϲϓ ϲϓήόϤϟ ˯ΩϷ ϊϗϭ Ϯϫ Ύϣ ˮΔϣΪϘΘϤϟ ϝϭΪϟ ϑΎμϣ ϰϟ· ϝϮλϮϠϟ ϪϨϴδΤΗ " ˱ ϼϴϠΤΗ ϦϤπΘϳ ϲϠϤϋ ήΧ ϭ ˬϱήψϧ ΐϧΎΟ νήόΘγ ϝϼΧ Ϧϣ ΔΛϼΛ ϰϠϋ ΔϤΎϘϟ ϲϟϭΪϟ ϚϨΒϟ ΔϴΠϬϨϤϟ ˱ΎϘϓϭ ΔϴϓήόϤϟ ΕήηΆϤϠϟ ϢΎϋΩ : μΗ ϭ ΕΎϣϮϠόϣ ΎϴΟϮϟϮϨϜΗ ϭ ϢϴϠόΗ ˬωΪΑ· ΕϻΎ . Abstract: knowledge is becoming a new kind of intellectual capital which is in the new economy more important than physical capital, and unlike the materialism sides that are subject to the law of diminishing returns, knowledge has an exceptional crane works on the basis of increased return, making it a resource of infinite. And despite the economic prosperity of the Arab world recently, it is still dependent to developed countries as a result of dependence on technology and knowledge of the latter, if this prosperity has been exploited by some Arab countries, others’ s only exploited in the import of technology related to the production of knowledge, and even responsible for it, which keeps dependent to the developed countries so long as the workers responsible for the production of knowledge are from foreign countries. According to the World Bank indicators related to knowledge in the world in general and the Arab world in particular, there is a big variance in the latter knowledge performance. And according to one of the interventions presented in the conference program of UNDP in Beirut on building a knowledge society, knowledge is witnessed recently a significant acceleration of change, reaching an unprecedented level of growth, and in turn it requires policies and organizations and facilities and competent institutions to manage and exploit it optimally. In light of the previous discussion, this working paper aims to answer the following question: "What is the actual situation of knowledge performance in the Arab countries? And how it can be improved to reach the ranks of developed countries?"
22

دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

Dec 06, 2014

Download

Education

fatehfateh

 
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

-

:

-Email: [email protected]: 0661270857

:

-Email: [email protected]

:

.

.

.

UNDP

:"

"

:.

Abstract:knowledge is becoming a new kind of

intellectual capital which is in the new economy moreimportant than physical capital, and unlike thematerialism sides that are subject to the law ofdiminishing returns, knowledge has an exceptional craneworks on the basis of increased return, making it aresource of infinite. And despite the economic prosperityof the Arab world recently, it is still dependent todeveloped countries as a result of dependence ontechnology and knowledge of the latter, if this prosperityhas been exploited by some Arab countries, others’ sonly exploited in the import of technology related to theproduction of knowledge, and even responsible for it,which keeps dependent to the developed countries solong as the workers responsible for the production ofknowledge are from foreign countries.According to the World Bank indicators related toknowledge in the world in general and the Arab world inparticular, there is a big variance in the latter knowledgeperformance. And according to one of the interventionspresented in the conference program of UNDP in Beiruton building a knowledge society, knowledge iswitnessed recently a significant acceleration of change,reaching an unprecedented level of growth, and in turn itrequires policies and organizations and facilities andcompetent institutions to manage and exploit itoptimally.In light of the previous discussion, this working paperaims to answer the following question:"What is the actual situation of knowledge performancein the Arab countries? And how it can be improved toreach the ranks of developed countries?"

Page 2: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

-

:

(Balloni, 2010, p. 22).

)2005.21 .(

.

.

UNDP

)2005 .139(

:

""

:

Page 3: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

:

:.

:

.

:

)2001 .22 .(

.

:

1- :

)2066 .25 .(

) (

)-(

.

Boisot

(Boisot, 1998, p. 3) .

-.

Page 4: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

)2004.25(

.

.

(Boisot, 1998, p. 12)

.)01 (.

)01 :(

)2004 .26.(

.

Duffy

)2009 .27(

2- :

) :

2004 .45(

-(M. Zack) ::

/

Page 5: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

*(Core Knowledge):

.

*(Advanced Knowledge) :

.

*(Innovation Knowledge) :

.

-(T. Backman)::

*(Explicit Knowledge) :

).(

*(Implicit Knowledge) :

) .

(

M. Polany

]

.I. Nonaka1991

)

.

)2009 .51(

*(Tacit Knowledge) :

.

Page 6: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

*(Unknown Knowledge) :

.

- :

:(OECD, 1996)

*(Know How) :

.

*(Know What):

.

.

*(Know Why):

..

*(Care Why) :

.

*(Know Who) :

.

.

.

.

=) + () :

+ ( .)2001 .34(

Page 7: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

* :

.

* :

.OECD

.(Stiles & Somboon, 2003, p. 6)

* :

:.(Dess &Picken, 2000, p. 8)

:

1- :

.

)2009 .82 (

.

)2006 .26(

.

Page 8: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

)2005 .97.(

.

2- :

)1 (

.

)01 :(

1--

-

2--

-

3--

-

4--

-

5--

-

Turban

6--

-

1--

-

-

-

Page 9: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

2--

3--

-)(

Laudon& Laudon

4--

-

1-

-

-

-

2--

-

-

-

3--

-

4--

-

5-

-

-

-

-

-

6-

-

-

-

-

-

D. Skyrme

7--

-

Page 10: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

8--

9--

10-

-

-

-

1--

-

2--

-

3-

- /

- /

4--

-

5-

) /(

- /)(

- /)(

6-

-

-

-

7--

-

8--

-

: :

2004 .101-103.

Page 11: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

.

.

)2006 .27.(

:

.

KAM: Knowledge Assessment Method

.

Innovation SystemEducation

:)(kam/org.worldbank.www

= + +.

1- ::

* ..

*.

*.

*.

Page 12: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

*.

*.

*.

*.

2- ::

*15.

* :.

* :17.

* :17.

* :.

3- :

:

*.

*.

*.

*.

*.

*.

*.

2009.

.

:.

)02 (

.

Page 13: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

6.7243

6.635.8105

)145.(

.

.

.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 14- 15- 16-

)02 :( :2009)www.worldbank.org/kam(

Page 14: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

:

.

.

.

1- :)03 (

.

)03 (

25%

16.89%

.

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

GPD

/

Page 15: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

14450170

-

3.473.8

3.53

2.3.

0502

01

.UNCTAD∗2009

∗ - United Nations Congress of Trade And Development.

Page 16: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

)04 :(

2003-2006

)04 (.

.

2- :

)05.(

90%77.7%75.40%

72%5

.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

15

Page 17: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

5.37

5.022.2

2.57) . :1/---<7( .

.

5.64.67)(3.4

2.6.

3.13.27

5.34.5.

)02.(

)02(

Page 18: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

6066%

20%) .2009 .88(

.

3- :

)06 (

.

)06 :(

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1000 1000 1000 1000 1000TIC

GPD

Page 19: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

1000

900890

550

3

100 .

23 .

52%

17%14%10%.

.

.

2009

)03.(

143468

128

273876

108.

)03:(

Page 20: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

.

:

Page 21: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

.

.

.

.

:1-

2006.

2-

2005.

3- . :

2004.

Page 22: دراسة تحليلية-للأداء-المعرفي-في-البلدان-العربية-الواقع-و-المأمول-فاتح-مجاهدي-و-أوضايفية-لمياء

.- :-:13142011

4-""

)44(2005139-

164.

5- :

2005.

6- :

2009.7- Arab Knowledge Report: Towards Productive Intercommunication for Knowledge, UNDP: United Nations

Development Program, 2009.8- Balloni Antonio José, “Challenges and Reflections on Knowledge Society & Sociotechnical Systems”, The

International Journal of Managing Inoformation Technology, Vol2, No. 1, February, 2010, pp. 21-37.9- Stiles Philip & Somboon Kulvisaechana, “Human Capital & performance: A literature review”, Judge Institute of

Management, University of Cambridge, 2003.10- Dess, G. D. & Picken, J. C., “Beyond productivity: How leading companies achieve superior performance by

leveraging their human capital. New York: American Management Association, 2000.11- Boisot, M. H., Knowledge Assets, New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.12- “The Knowledge Based Economy”, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, General

Distribution, 96(102).