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Slide 1
5 things which displayed German aggression pre-war 5 things
which displayed Japanese aggression pre-war
Slide 2
Slide 3
1935: Hitler violates Treaty of Versailles. 1937: Japan invades
China 1939: Germany invades Poland. Britain and France declare war.
1941: USA enters war after Japan attacks Pearl Harbor. 1942: Nazi
death camps in full operation. 1944: D-Day in European Theatre.
1945: USA drops atomic bombs on Japan. Germany surrenders.
Slide 4
1. WWI & WWII linkedfailure of Versailles Treaty Interwar
period merely an armistice Nothing truly resolved by Versailles
Treaty Left with national ambitions and insecurities 2. WWII was
caused by one man: Adolf Hitler Megalomaniac!! Mad genius who
captured German insecurities and national arrogance. Germ TheoryHe
created a brain washed cult like environment where Germans could do
no wrong. 3. WWII was all about the timing and unavoidables. Too
many things aligned just rightfailed Versailles Treaty, Great
Depression, need for power, unstable Europe, rise of dictatorial
regimes, nave citizens, etc.
Slide 5
Germany-Hitler Italy-Mussolini Japan-Hirohito
Slide 6
Axis Powers also included Hungary Romania Finland Thailand
Bulgaria Croatia Slovakia
Slide 7
Soviet Union-Joseph Stalin United Kingdom- Winston
Churchill
Slide 8
France-Charles de GaulleChina- Nationalist Party: Chang
Kai-shek Communist Party: Mao Zedong
Slide 9
United States- FDR 1941-1945Truman 1945
Slide 10
Allies also included Poland Indonesia India Yugoslavia French
Indochina (present day Vietnam, Cambodia, etc.) Lithuania Czech
Republic Greece Burma Latvia
Slide 11
Significant changes and advances in military technology and
tactics. Fought on land, at sea, and in the air. Global, Total War
to the max. Total wareveryone is involved or impacted. Change in
combat motivation Fighting for God/Country. Fighting for survival.
Fighting for/with buddies.
Squad: 10 men, Sergeant Platoon: 40 men, Lieutenant Company:
120 men, Captain Battalion: 500 men, Lt. Colonel Brigade/Regiment:
1500 men, Colonel Division: 15,000 men, Major General Corps: 50,000
men, Lt. General Army: 200,000 men, General Army Group: 500,000
men, General of the Army SHAEF ( Supreme Headquarters Allied
Expeditionary Forces), Eisenhower
Slide 14
Blitzkrieg: The Beginning of the War Blitzkrieglightning war-
Germany takes over central Europe in less than a year. September 1,
1939: Invade Poland. Sept 3: France and Britain declare war against
Germany April 1940: Denmark and Norway. May 1940: Netherlands,
Belgium, and France. Maginot Line French/British line of defense to
stop the Germans located in eastern France. Germany went around
this line to take over France. France signed armistice June 22,
1940.
Slide 15
Slide 16
Germany invades Britain Battle of Britain 15 min. video5 Facts
Battle of BritainGerman amphibious invasion of Britain. August
1940. Bombings of air and naval bases, harbors, communication
centers, and war industries. Key to British stopping
Germanstechnology! Effective radar system to detect German troops.
U.S. steered away from isolationismbegan favoring the Allies.
Slide 17
1940 Germany controls most of Europe France under control of
Germany Even though Britain defeated Germany, they were seriously
threatened & damaged via Battle of Britain Should the United
States join WWII to help France, Britain, and the rest of the
Allies?
Slide 18
Attack on the Soviet Union British troops mobilized support in
Mediterranean to slow the spread of Italian and German troops.
Germany invades Soviet Union in June 1941. Germans planned for
spring invasionhad no winter uniforms. Soviet counterattack in
December 1941 put a gruesome end to Germanys plan. First time in
the war German army had been stopped.
Slide 19
Slide 20
Japan at War.. The Pacific Theater USA remained isolated and
neutral until December 7, 1941Japan attacks Pearl Harbor. Japan
thought attack on Pearl Harbor would weaken America. Instead it
unified America. Four days after Pearl Harbor, Germany declared war
on the US. Spring 1942, Japan attacked and controlled much of the
Pacific islands.
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Pearl Harbor Casualties 188 aircraft destroyed 155 aircraft
damaged, 2,345 military killed 1,247 military wounded 57 civilians
killed 35 civilians wounded
Slide 25
Slide 26
The Pacific Theater Fall 1942, US had two plans. 1. move into
Philippines through New Guinea and South Pacific Islands. 2.
island-hopping strategy used by US to one by one take control of
islands that put them closer to Japan. By the end of 1942, US was
on the offense in the Pacific and Japans fortunes were fading.
Slide 27
Allies take control of the Pacific Theatre after Battle of
Coral Sea (May 1942) and the Battle of Midway (June 1942). Battle
of Midway (Sea)5 Facts
Slide 28
What have the following countries done in the war so far? As of
1942, where do they stand in the war? Axis Powers Germany Italy
Japan Allied Powers US Soviet Union Britain & United Kingdom
France China
Slide 29
Half-Way Point in the War Fall 1942 Germany still holds the
center of Europe. Italy is focusing on the Balkan peninsula and
North Africa. Japan is losing control of the Pacific islands, but
still controls much of China
Slide 30
Half-Way Point in the War US massive boost to Allied Powers.
Took control in Pacific, advancements in North Africa, and provide
support to the Soviet front. Soviet Union holding on, but losing
many men. Britain and United Kingdom continuing to lead the Allied
operation with the US. France split in twoFree France helping the
Allies even with Germans in their country. Vichy France, Nazi
puppet govt, helping the Axis. China still controlled by Japan.
Suffering major destruction in northern Manchuria area.
Slide 31
Allies take the Offensive in the European Theatre 1942-1944 The
First Front: Soviet Union The Second Front: Mediterranean/North
Africa The Third Front: Normandy, France
Slide 32
The First Front: Soviet Union Hitler went in confident and left
weakened. Stalingrad: August 1942-February 1943 Bloodiest most
brutal battle in Soviet Union. Stalingrad Video (Land)Five
Facts.
Slide 33
Timeline on Page 818 Axis or Allies?? According to the
timeline, who controls the war until mid-1942? Who takes control
mid-1942 and on?
Slide 34
1. The following men are leaders of what countries? A. HitlerE.
Charles de Gaulle B. MussoliniF. Hirohito C. Winston ChurchillG.
Chang kai-Shek D. FDRH. Joseph Stalin 2. When and where did the war
begin? 3. Name three Axis Power countries. 4. Name three Allied
Force countries. 5. Name a turning point of the war and why the
event was a turning point.
Slide 35
Battle for control over North Africa included ResourcesOIL.
Landcontrol of the Mediterranean and the Suez Canal. Main reason
for Allies to focus on North Africa was to open a second front to
take some German forces away from fighting the Soviets. Operation
Torch: November 1942 North Africa VideoFive Facts. The Second
Front: Med/North Africa
Slide 36
The Allies Close In. 1943--Allied advances made from North
Africa into Italy. Mussolini removed from office by Italians.
Hitler sets up Nazi puppet govt in Italy. Allied forces battle
against Germans resulting in heavy casualties. Rome falls to Allied
forces June 4, 1944. Allies move to the Third Front..
Slide 37
The Third Front: Normandy Goal: Move the Germans out of France
and advance until Germany surrenders. D-Day: June 6, 1944 (D-Day
video 5 facts ) Eisenhower and allied forces planning D-Day since
Fall of 1943. Began Third Front by crossing English Channel and
invading beaches of Normandy. EffectDownfall of German army.
Beginning of the end for the European Theater.
Slide 38
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Slide 40
The end of the European Theater Allies met Soviets in Germany
in April 1945. Mussolini killed April 28, 1945. Hitler commits
suicide April 30, 1945. Germany surrenders May 7, 1945.
Slide 41
Pacific Theater 1943-1945 Leyte Gulf (Oct 1944) Greatest naval
battle of WWII Iwo Jima (Feb-March 1945) Allies captured small
island. Okinawa (March-June 1945) Largest amphibious assault in
Pacific Theater.
Slide 42
Potsdam DeclarationJuly 26, 1945. Message sent to Japan from
Allied leaders asking Japan to surrender or face destruction
Slide 43
Japanese Mentality Die for the Empire. Being captured or
surrendering is dishonorable. KamikazeJapanese suicide pilots
crashed their planes into American ships, means divine wind
Japanese willingness to fight to the death led to drastic plans for
the U.S.
Slide 44
Pacific Theatre, 1945 August 6, 1945atomic bomb dropped on
Hiroshima 130,000 people killed instantly. Still Japan does not
surrender. August 9, 1945second bomb dropped on Nagasaki 74,000
people killed instantly. More will die, in both cities, in the
future from radiation poisoning and other side effects. Aug 14,
1945Japan surrenders. V-J Day (Victory over Japan) Joseph
MacArthurU.S. General & commander of the Pacific
Theatreaccepted Japans surrender on Sept 2, 1945 aboard the USS
Missouri. WWII is finally over.
Slide 45
Holocaust Packet: Read through and find things you did not
already know.
Slide 46
1933concentration camp Dachau opens, Jews are targeted
1934Hitler declares himself Fuhrer and now has all control 1935Jews
lose citizenship 1936Jewish doctors barred from practicing
1937Jewish schools closed, Jewish passports invalid 1938Jews must
carry i.d., 17,000 Jews forced to Poland, Kristallnachtsynagogues
& shops destroyed, Jewish males sent to concentration camps,
Jews expelled from schools, businesses must be given to Aryans.
1939ghettos open to segregate Jews, Jews ordered to wear yellow
badge with Star of David
Slide 47
1940More Jews sent to concentration camps, WWII intensifies
1941mass deportation of Jews begins, extermination camps open.
1942plans for final solution discussed, Gas extermination begins.
1943ghettos are liquidated, Jews sent to camps. 1944continuation of
death camps, concentration camps, few revolts attempted, death
marches begin 1945death marches continue, Hitler commits suicide,
Germany surrenders, Camps are discovered by Allies, Nuremberg
Trials begin.
Slide 48
Nazism based on racism & anti-Semitism (anti Judaism) Jews
became Hitlers scapegoat Scapegoata person who is blamed or
punished without cause HolocaustHitlers final solution was to
eliminate the unwanted & to take care of the Jewish problem.
Mass slaughter of Jews, Poles, Slavs, Gypsies, communists,
homosexuals, people with physical/mental disabilities, etc.
Genocidedeliberate attempt to wipe out an entire nation or group of
people.
http://www.history.com/photos/remembering-the-holocaust/photo6#
http://www.history.com/photos/remembering-the-holocaust/photo6#
Slide 49
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Slide 51
Holocaust Death Toll ~10-13 million Total VictimsKilled Jews6
million Soviet POWs2-3 million Ethnic Poles2 million Romani1
million Disabled250,000 Homosexuals10,000 Jehovahs
Witnesses2,500-5,000 Gypsies500,000
Slide 52
Nazis ordered all Jews to live in ghettos. Nazis ordered
deportations from ghettos. 1,000 people per day loaded in trains
& sent to a concentration camp or a death camp. Prisoners
forced to do hard physical labor, given tiny rations. Slept 3+ per
wooden bunk (no mattress or pillow). Torture was common and death
frequent. Auschwitz largest camp built. 1.1 million people were
killed at Auschwitz.
Slide 53
The Nazis killed approximately two-thirds of all Jews living in
Europe. An estimated 1.1 million children were murdered. Babies
were thrown in the air and shot into ditches for games for the
soldiers. Dr. Mengele conducted cruel, inhumane experiments on
Jewish people (torture: break bones until can't break and heal any
more, surgeries with no pain relievers or medicines, etc.) Variety
of goods made from valuables taken from prisoners (hair, gold
teeth, gold rings, clothing made into pillows, furniture,
etc.)
Slide 54
Axis Death Toll CountryMilitaryCivilianTotal Germany3.5
million700,0004.2 million Japan2 million350,0002.35 million
Italy330,00080,000410,000 Other Axis752,000556,0001.3 million Axis
Total~6.6 million~1.7 million~8.3 million
Slide 55
Allied Death Toll CountryMilitaryCivilianTotal Great
Britain326,00062,000388,000 France250,000350,000600,000 Soviet
Union10 million 20 million China2.5 million7.5 million10 million
USA400,000zero400,000 Allied Total~14.3 million~25.7 million~40
million
Slide 56
Slide 57
War Crime Trials Nuremberg : German War Crimes. 12 sentenced to
death. Other 12 went to jail, were acquitted, or committed suicide
before trials. Tokyo Trials : Japanese War Crimes. 7 sentenced to
death. 16 sentenced to life in prison paroled between 1954-1956.
United Nations world peace agreement. October 24, 1945-present
day.
Slide 58
Over 60 million dead. Lost generation? Germany surrenders May
1945. Japan surrenders August 1945. How does the world move
forward? Death camps, concentration camps, displaced people,
P.O.W.s. discovered in Europe, Asia, and U.S. What to do with all
the people? Complete destruction of cities and countryside. How to
rebuild the world?
Slide 59
Decolonization throughout Pacific and Middle East Countries
gaining independence. New countries? Economic Recovery
Transitioning from war industry back to homeland production. Who
keeps jobs? Women/minorities? New Attitudes Women believed they had
a spot in the work force. African Americans come back from fighting
in the war to fighting for their rights.
Slide 60
Shift in World Powers Who becomes number 1? Soviet Union or
USA?
Slide 61
UNs goal is to stop wars between countries and provide platform
for dialogue. Currently 192 member countries.
Slide 62
The Cold War was the period of conflict, tension, and
competition between the United States and the Soviet Union and
their respective allies from the mid-1940s until the early 1990s.
Democracy vs. Communism.
Slide 63
Development of the Cold War Iron Curtain Churchill coined this
term to describe the division of Europe. NATO (North Atlantic
Treaty Organization) vs. Warsaw Pact (Soviet Union and Eastern
Europe)
Slide 64
Periods of time during Cold War when tension was reduced as
both sides sought dtente. Dtente: relaxation of tensions and
improved relations between two superpowers. Direct military attacks
on adversaries were discouraged by the potential for mutual assured
destruction using deliverable nuclear weapons.