1) She will love him. She will always love him. 2) Peter doesn't get up before seven. Peter doesn't usually get up before seven. 3) They go swimming in the lake. They sometimes go swimming in the lake. 4) Peggy and Frank are late. Peggy and Frank are usually late. 5) Our friends must write tests. Our friends must often write tests. 6) John watches TV. John seldom watches TV. 7) I have met him before. Rewrite each sentence with the adverb of frequency (in brackets) in its correct position. Example: I play tennis on Sundays. (often). Answer: I often play tennis on Sundays. 1) She will love him. (always) 2) Peter doesn't get up before seven. (usually) 3) They go swimming in the lake. (sometimes) 4) Peggy and Frank are late. (usually) 5) Our friends must write tests. (often) 6) John watches TV. (seldom) 7) I have met him before. (never) 8) The weather is bad in November. (always) 9) I was in contact with my sister. (often) 10) Have you been to London? (ever)
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1) She will love him. She will always love him. 2) Peter doesn't get up before seven. Peter doesn't usually get up before seven. 3) They go swimming in the lake. They sometimes go swimming in the lake. 4) Peggy and Frank are late. Peggy and Frank are usually late. 5) Our friends must write tests. Our friends must often write tests. 6) John watches TV. John seldom watches TV. 7) I have met him before. I have never met him before. 8) The weather is bad in November. The weather is always bad in November. 9) I was in contact with my sister. I was often in contact with my sister. 10) Have you been to London? Have you ever been to London?
Rewrite each sentence with the adverb of frequency (in brackets) in its correct position.
Example: I play tennis on Sundays. (often).
Answer: I often play tennis on Sundays.
1) She will love him. (always)
2) Peter doesn't get up before seven. (usually)
3) They go swimming in the lake. (sometimes)
4) Peggy and Frank are late. (usually)
5) Our friends must write tests. (often)
6) John watches TV. (seldom)
7) I have met him before. (never)
8) The weather is bad in November. (always)
9) I was in contact with my sister. (often)
10) Have you been to London? (ever)
ชนิ�ดของ Adverb 1. Adverb of Manner เป็�น adverb ที่��บอกอาการหร�อลั�กษณะการกระที่�า ใช้�ตอบคำ�าถามที่��ขึ้��นต�นด้�วย How? เช้#น hard = หน�ก , fast = อย#างเร%ว , happily = อย#างม�คำวามสุ'ขึ้ เป็�นต�น ตำ�แหนิ�งอยู่��ในิประโยู่คคำ�อ 1. หลั�งคำ�ากร)ยา เช้#น I run quickly.
2. หลั�งกรรมตรง เช้#น She looks at me angrily. * หมายเหต'ที่��มาขึ้อง Adverb of Manner
-- ได้�จากการเต)ม -ly ขึ้�างที่�าย adjective ถ�า adjective ลังที่�ายด้�วย y หน�า y ไม#ใช้# a , e , o , u ให�เป็ลั��ยน y เป็�น i แลั�วจ�งเต)ม -ly -- good เป็ลั��ยนเป็�น well
2. Adverb of Degree บอกระด้�บคำวามเขึ้�ม-h น เช้#น very =
มาก , quite = ที่�เด้�ยว , rather = คำ#อนขึ้�าง , almost = เก�อบจะ , extremely = อย#างย)�ง , too = มากไป็ ตำ�แหนิ�งในิประโยู่ค 1. ไว�หน�าคำ�าคำ'ณศั�พที่/ เช้#น It's very loud.
2. ไว�หน�า adverb เช้#น She sings very sweetly. 3. Adverb of Place บอกสุถานที่�� เช้#น up , down , here , there
ตำ�วอยู่��งประโยู่ค -- Jim came here yesterday. ,
We have to go there. (อย0#หลั�งคำ�ากร)ยา) -- Please bring then inside.
4. Adverb of Frequency ใช้�ขึ้ยายคำ�ากร)ยา เพ��อบอกถ�งคำวามถ��ขึ้องการกระที่�า แลัะจะวางไว�หน�าคำ�ากร)ยาน��นๆด้�วย ยกเว�น sometimes อย0# ต�นป็ระโยคำก%ได้� เช้#น always สุม��าเสุมอ usually เป็�นป็ระจ�า often บ#อยๆ sometimes บางคำร��งบางคำราว seldom นานๆคำร��ง never ไม#เคำย Examples: Sandy always goes to school early. Mary usually cooks dinner. We often drink milk. I never go to London. Sometimes I eat pizza for lunch.
5. Adverb of time บอกเวลัา ตอบคำ�าถาม When เช้#น Tonight (คำ�นน��) , during winter (ระหว#างฤด้0หนาว) , early (แต#เช้�าตร0) , tomorrow (พร' #งน��) , yesterday (เม��อวานน��) , soon (ในไม#ช้�า) ตำ�แหนิ�งในิประโยู่ค -- ไว�ที่�ายป็ระโยคำ I will go to London next week. -- วางไว�ต�นป็ระโยคำ เม��อต�องการเน�น เช้#น Tomorrow I will fly to Italy.
ก�รเร�ยู่งลำ�ด�บ adverb หลำ�ยู่ค�ในิประโยู่คเด�ยู่วก�นิ 1. คำ�ากร)ยาที่��วไป็ ให�เร�ยงลั�าด้�บด้�งน�� เช้#น He worked carefully in the office every day last year. (M) (P) (F) (T)
2. กร)ยาที่��แสุด้งคำวามเคำลั��อนไหว เช้#น My sun sometimes went go to school by bike last month. (F) (P) (M) (T)หม�ยู่เหตำ� M = Maner P = Place F = Frequency F = Time
1) He quickly reads a book. 2) Mandy is a pretty girl. 3) The class is terribly loud today. 4) Max is a good singer. 5) You can easily open this tin. 6) It's a terrible day today. 7) She sings the song well. 8) He is a careful driver. 9) He drives the car carefully. 10) The dog barks loudly.
I have just had lunch. (ฉั�นเพ)�งได้�ที่านอาหารกลัางว�น)
He has already fixed his car. (เขึ้าซึ่#อมรถเร�บยร�อยแลั�ว)
Has it stopped raining yet? (ฝนได้�หย'ตกหร�อย�ง)
4. ใช้�ก�บเหต'การณ/ที่��เก)ด้ขึ้��นบ#อบๆซึ่��าๆก�น ในระหว#างอด้�ตแลัะป็4จจ'บ�น แลัะม�กม�คำ�าที่��แสุด้งการกระที่�าซึ่��าๆเช้#น times, many/several times, a lot of times, …times, again and again, over and over
ยกต�วอย#างเช้#น
Mary has practiced writing many times. (แมร��ได้�ฝ:กฝนการการเขึ้�ยนหลัายคำร��ง)
Max had been writing his book for a year.(แม%กได้�ที่�าการเขึ้�ยนหน�งสุ�อขึ้องเขึ้าเป็�นเวลัาหน�งป็>)
สุ�งเกตได้�ว#า Past perfect continuous tense น��นจะเน�นคำวามต#อเน��องขึ้องการกระที่�ามากกว#า Past perfect tense ซึ่��งแสุด้งแคำ#ว#าเหตการณ/ไหนเก)ด้ขึ้��นก#อนในอด้�ต
โครสร!�งประโยู่คของ Past Perfect Continuous Tense ม�ด�งนิ�"
ป็ระโยคำบอกเลั#า
Subject + had + been + V-ing
ตำ�วอยู่��งเช�นิ
I/ You/we/They/ He/She/It had been working for two days.
ป็ระโยคำป็ฏิ)เสุธ
Subject + had + not + been + V-ing
ตำ�วอยู่��งเช�นิ
I/ You/we/They/ He/She/It had not been working for two days.
ป็ระโยคำคำ�าถามแนว Yes/No
Had + Subject + been + V-ing?
ตำ�วอยู่��งเช�นิ
Had I/ you/we/they/ he/she/it been using an I-Phone?
ป็ระโยคำคำ�าถามแนว Wh หร�อ How question
Who/What/Where/When/Why/How + had + Subject + been + V.-ing?
ตำ�วอยู่��งเช�นิ
How long had I/ you/we/they/he/she/it been living in Bangkok?
เหต'การณ/แรกที่��เก)ด้ขึ้��นแลัะด้�าเน)นอย0# จะใช้� Past Continuous Tense เหต'การณ/สุ��นๆน��นได้�เขึ้�ามาแที่รก จะใช้� Past Simple Tense เช้#น I met you boyfriend in the park while I was jogging. (ฉั�นเจอแฟ้นคำ'ณในสุวนตอนฉั�นก�าลั�งว)�งจAอกก)�งอย0#)
ใช!เพ%&อกลำ��วถ'งเหตำ�ก�รณ-ที�& เก�ดข'"นิควบค��ก�นิไป ณ เวลำ�เด�ยู่วก�นิ (Parallel Actions) โด้ย เหต'การณ/ที่��งสุองเหต'การณ/จะใช้� Past
Continuous Tense เช้#น
I was sleeping while the teacher was teaching, (ฉั�นนอนหลั�บขึ้ณะที่��คำ'ณคำร0ก�าลั�งสุอนอย0#)
5.เร�ม�กใช!ค�ว�� when, while, as ในิ Past Continuous Tense เพ%&อเช%&อมเหตำ�ก�รณ- ตำ��งๆเข!�ด!วยู่ก�นิ เช้#น
As I was going to the church, he was going to the sea. (ขึ้ณะที่��ฉั�นก�าลั�งเด้)นที่างไป็ที่��โบสุถ/ เขึ้าก%ก�าลั�งไป็ที่ะเลั)
ว�ธี�ก�รสร!�งประโยู่ค Past Continuous Tense
โครงสร!�ง
Subject + was/were + V.-ing
ประโยู่คบอกเลำ��
I / He / She / It
was talking to her.
You / We / They
were reading magazines.
โครงสร!�ง
Subject + was/were + not + V.-ing
ประโยู่คปฏิ�เสธี
I / He / She / It
was not talking
to her.
You / We / They
were not reading
magazines.
โครงสร!�ง
Was/Were + Subject + V.-ing?
ประโยู่คค�ถ�ม
Was I / he / she / it
talking to her?
Were you / we / they
reading magazines?
โครงสร!�ง
Who/What/Where/When/Why/How +
was/were + Subject + V.-ing?
ประโยู่คค�ถ�ม Wh-
Who was I / he / she / it
talking to?
What were you / we / they
reading?
*คำ�าป็ฏิ)เสุธร0ป็ย#อขึ้อง was/were not คำ�อ wasn’t แลัะ weren’t
3. Distributive Adjectives คำ�อ Adjectives ที่��ใช้�เพ��อจ�าแนกหร�อแบ#งแยกคำ�านามต#างๆออกจากก�น เช้#น Each (แต#ลัะ) ใช้�สุ�าหร�บ 2 สุ)�ง หร�อ มากกว#าขึ้��นไป็ เช้#น Each one of you should go to the library. (เธอที่'กคำนคำวรจะไป็ห�องสุม'ด้) Every (ที่'กๆ) ใช้�สุ�าหร�บนามที่��มากกว#า 2 สุ)�งขึ้��นไป็ เช้#น Every book tells a story. (หน�งสุ�อที่'กเลั#มบอกเลั#าเร��องราว) Either…or (อ�นใด้อ�นหน��ง)
เช้#น Either you or me has made a mistake. (เธอหร�อไม#ก%ฉั�นได้�ที่�าสุ)�งผ)ด้พลัาด้ลังไป็)
Neither…nor (ไม#ใช้#ที่� �งสุองสุ)�ง)
เช้#น It’s neither a bird nor a plane (ม�นไม#ใช้#ที่� �งนกหร�อเคำร��องบ)น) 4. Interrogative Adjectives คำ�อ Adjectives ที่��ที่�าหน�าที่��ขึ้ยายนามเพ��อแสุด้งคำ�าถาม ได้�แก# what, which แลัะอ��นๆ โด้ยจะต�องม�คำ�านามตามหลั�ง Adjectives เที่#าน��น เช้#น
Which bus do we have to take? (เราต�องขึ้��นรถป็ระจ�าที่างสุายไหนเหรอ)
What book are you reading? (คำ'ณก�าลั�งอ#านหน�งสุ�ออะไรอย0#) 5. Proper Adjectives (ค�ณศั�พที-แสดงส�ญช�ตำ�)คำ�อ Adjectives
ที่��น�ามาขึ้ยายนามเพ��อบอกถ�งสุ�ญช้าต) ซึ่��งม�รากศั�พที่/มาจากช้��อป็ระเที่ศัน��นๆ เช้#น Chinese (China), Thai (Thailand), French (France),
เช้#น She has several handbags. (เธอม�กระเป็Cาถ�อหลัายใบ)
I have a few English books. (ฉั�นม�หน�งสุ�อภาษาอ�งกฤษอย0#สุองสุามเลั#ม) 7. Possessive Adjectives คำ�อ Adjectives ที่��ที่�าหน�าที่��ขึ้ยายนามขึ้�างหลั�งเพ��อแสุด้งคำวามเป็�นเจ�าขึ้อง ได้�แก#
Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (positive).
1. I lost the key that he had given to me. 2. She told me that she had seen a ghost. 3. I went downstairs because I had heard a noise. 4. When they came home, Sue had cooked dinner
already. 5. We could not send you a postcard because we had
forgotten our address book.
Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (negative).
1. The waiter served something that we had not ordered .
2. He went to Alaska where he had not been before. 3. She put on the red dress, which she had not worn
for ages. 4. He had not played tennis before that day. 5. His mother was angry because he had not helped
her with the shopping.
Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple.1. Had you finished your homework before you went to
the cinema?
2. Why had you cleaned the bathroom before you bathed the dog?
3. Had you had breakfast before you came here? 4. Had she found a place to stay when she went to
Boston? 5. Where had she lived before she moved t6.7. o Chicago?
1. Malee lives ___________ New Road.
a. inb. on c. at d. next to
2. They live ____________ Yala.
a. in b. onc. behindd. at
3. We are happy _____Christmas Day.
a. nearb. atc. ind. on
4. She likes to sit __________the park.
a. out b. inc. on d. over
5. It is cold ____________ winter.
a. in
b. atc. behind d. on
6. Her birthday is ___________January.
a. onb. inc. overd. between
7. He goes home _______ the evening.
a. Onb. inc. atd. out of
8. We go to church _________Sunday.
a. atb. inc. intod. on
9. Do you live _______12 West Road?
a. upb. atc. outd. in
10. The shops will be closed 9 o’clock.
a. inb. nearc. atd. on
11. ______she go to school yesterday?
a. Doesb. Didc. Dod. Is
12. Do they ____________ tennis?
a. playsb. plaiesc. playd. played
13. ____________ he sick yesterday?
a. Wasb. Werec. Didd. Does
14. Does Tom ____ his car every day?
a. washedb. washesc. washsd. wash
15. ____________ they happy today?
a. Areb. Werec. Dod. Did
16. Jane ______ go to school yesterday.
a. isn’tb. wasn’tc. didn’td. doesn’t
17. He _____young. He is 65 years old.
a. didn’tb. doesn’tc. wasn’td. isn’t
18 . A: Do they like English? B: Yes, they ___________.
I hope you are well. ฉั�นหว�งว#าคำ'ณสุบายด้� ( ใช้�อย#าง predicative adjective ขึ้ยาย you)
He did well on the examination.เขึ้าที่�าขึ้�อสุอบได้�ด้� (ใช้�อย#าง adverb of manner ขึ้ยายกร)ยา did )
B. Adverbs of manner, location, time and frequency ซึ่'&งม�ร�ปเด�ยู่วก�บ Adjective
Adjective Adverb of Manner fast เช้#น fast train fast เช้#น run fast
hard เช้#น hard worker hard เช้#น work hard little little loud loud or loudly much much straight straight Adjective Adverb of Location far เช้#น A man of far vision. far เช้#น He lives far up the mountain. high high low low near near wide wide Adjective Adverb of Time long เช้#น long journey long เช้#น live long first first late late early early Adjective Adverb of Frequency daily เช้#น daily newspaper daily เช้#น go to work daily. ( every day ) monthly monthly weekly weekly yearly yearly
เช้#น I worked hard. เขึ้าที่�างานหน�ก I have hardly enough time to finish. เขึ้าไม#คำ#อยม�เวลัาที่��จะที่�างานให�เสุร%จ
He threw the ball high into the air. เขึ้าโยนลั0กบอลัสุ0งขึ้��นไป็ในอากาศัHe is highly successful in what he does. เขึ้าได้�ร�บคำวามสุ�าเร%จอย#างมากในสุ)�งที่��เขึ้าที่�า
The class began late. ช้��นเร�ยนเร)�มต�นช้�า The weather has been cold lately. อากาศัเร)�มต�นหนาวเม��อเร%วๆน��
I opened the door wide. ฉั�นเป็Dด้ป็ระต0ให�กว�าง That theory is widely believed. ที่ฤษฎี�น��นเป็�นที่��เช้��อถ�อก�นโด้ยที่��วไป็
Comparison of adjectives in sentences - Exercise 2
Singular or plural in sentences
Present Perfect - Use
1) Result of an action in the past is important in the present
1) My father is heavy. My uncle is much heavier than my father.2) The test in Geography was easy, but the test in Biology was easier.3) Florida is sunny. Do you know the sunniest place in the USA?4) Stan is a successful sportsman, but his sister is more successful than Stan.5) My mother has a soft voice, but my teacher's voice is softer than my mother's.6) Amy has a beautiful baby, but my daughter has the most beautiful baby on earth.7) I live in a large family, but my grandfather lived in a larger family.8) We have only little time for this exercise, but in the examination we'll have even less time.9) Lucy is clever, but Carol is cleverer than Lucy.10) Have you visited the old castle? It was the oldest castle we visited during our holidays.
1) Ladies and gentlemen. Here is the news.2) Where are my jeans.3) Further information is available in the office.4) The stairs are over there, Sir.5) The furniture in our classroom is uncomfortable.6) The USA is a very nice country.7) Your sunglasses are on the table.8) Homework is boring.9) The scissors on the table are mine.10) Physics is not easy.
I have cleaned my room.
2) Recently completed action
He has just played handball.
3) State beginning in the past and still continuing
We have lived in Canada since 1986.
4) together with lately, recently, yet
I have been to London recently.
Signal words
just, yet, never, already, ever, so far, up to now, recently, since, for
Form
have/has + past participle
Examples
Affirmative sentences:
I have cleaned my room.I've cleaned my room.
You have cleaned your room.You've cleaned your room.
Negative sentences:
I have not cleaned my room.I've not cleaned my room.I haven't cleaned my room.
You have not cleaned your room.You've not cleaned your room.You haven't cleaned your
room.
Questions:
Have I cleaned my room? Have you cleaned your room?