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Slide 1
Slide 2
3 centuries of political fragmentation = Rise of powerful,
aristocratic families Northern nomads became Chinese Rise of
Buddhism and Daoism among the elite Migration southward toward the
Yangzi River Destruction of forests
Slide 3
Regained unity Canal system extended 1,200 miles Linked
northern and southern China Ruthless emperors and failed a military
campaign to conquer Korea
Slide 4
Tang = 618-907 CE Song = 960-1279 CE Both established patterns
of Chinese life that endured into the twentieth century Golden Age
of arts and literature
Slide 5
6 major ministries Personnel Finance Rites Army Justice Public
Works
Slide 6
Censorate an agency that exercised surveillance over the rest
of the govt Examination system was revived to staff agency Central
feature of upper class life The great families of large landowners
continued to encroach on peasant plots continues to modern
times
Slide 7
Song Dynasty = the richest, most skilled, and most populous
country on earth Rapid growth of population Tang 60 million to 120
million in 1200 Population boom due to fast-ripening and drought
resistant strain of rice from Vietnam Most urbanized country in the
world Song Dynasty capital Hangzhou = 1 million Restaurants, inns,
schools (Marco Polo)
Slide 8
Canals, rivers, and lakes stretched for miles creating immense
networks for trade Technology printing, shipbuilding, gunpowder
Industrial production soared Armor, arrowheads, coins, tools and
bells
Slide 9
Tang women in the North participated with greater freedom in
social life than in the Classical era. Song reviving Confucianism
and economic growth encouraged more restrictions and submission for
women Confucian writers = keep men and women separate in every
domain of life Women viewed as distraction Foot binding beauty and
delicacy
The growing number of elite families increased the need for
roles as concubines, entertainers, courtesans and prostitutes.
Reduced the ability of wives to negotiate as equals with their
husbands. However, property rights expanded and women could control
their dowries. Mixture of tightening restrictions and new
opportunities for women
Slide 14
Two Chinas = northern nomads (barbarians) and the middle
kingdom A system was created to manage Chinas relationship with
these people Known as the tribute system, it was a set of practices
that required non- Chinese authorities to acknowledge Chinese
superiority and their own subordinated place in a Chinese- centered
world order.
Slide 15
Delegation sent to court Ritual bowings Prostrations Present
their tribute In return, the Chinese emperor would grant permission
for them to trade in Chinas rich markets. Emperors regulated
relationships with northern nomads and neighboring states such as
Korea, Vietnam, Tibet and Japan. Xiongnu Manchuria to Central Asia
Turkic empires in Mongolia
Slide 16
Slide 17
Under the Silla (688-900), Koryo (918-1392), and Yi
(1392-1920), Korea generally maintained its political independence
while participating in the Chinese tribute system. Tribute missions
to China provided legitimacy for Korean rulers and knowledge of the
Chinese court life. A new capital city Kumsong was modeled on the
Chinese capital of Changan. 1000s of Korean students went to China
where they studied Confucianism, natural sciences and the arts
Buddhism quickly took root in Korea
Slide 18
Chinese models of family life and female behavior gradually
replaced the more flexible Korean patterns. (Confucian model took
root) Developed hangul alphabet Korea remained Korean
Slide 19
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Borrowed heavily from the Chinese Confucianism Daoism Buddhism
Administrative techniques Examination system Artistic and literary
styles
Slide 22
Maintained political independence while participating in
tribute system. Regarded by the Chinese as southern barbarians they
were ruled by the Chinese from 111 BCE 939 CE. Signs of resistance
to Chinese aggression Tang dynasty finally enabled a large
rebellion to take root in Vietnam and establish a separate state.
Rulers styled as emperors Claimed Mandate of Heaven Chinese court
rituals Chinese based examination system undermined an established
aristocracy to provide for social mobility for commoners.
Slide 23
Distinct language Cockfighting Chewing betel nuts Greater role
for women in social and economic life Female Buddha Variation of
Chinese writing called chu nom
Slide 24
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Never successfully invaded by China Their extensive borrowing
from Chinese civilization was completely voluntary. High point
600s-800s CE as the first Japanese state began to emerge from small
clan based chiefdoms. Set out to create a centralized bureaucratic
state.
Slide 27
Shotoku Taishi (572-622), an aristocrat from one of the major
clans launched a series of large scale missions to China taking
hundreds of Japanese monks, scholars, artists and students. 17
Article Constitution proclaiming the Japanese ruler as a
Chinese-style emperor and encouraging both Buddhism and
Confucianism. Emphasized the moral quality of rulers as a
foundation for social harmony
Slide 28
Chinese based taxation systems, law codes, govt ministries and
land administration. Nara and Kyoto (capital cities) were both
modeled after Changan. Over time, the Japanese combined what they
had assimilated from China with elements of their own traditions
into a distinctive civilization.
Slide 29
Political differences no centralized state Local authorities
developed their own military forces=Samurai warrior class was born.
Exquisite curved swords Distinctive set of values Great skill in
martial arts, bravery, loyalty Honor and death over surrender
Slide 30
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Buddhism never replaced the native beliefs focused on kami,
sacred spirits associated with ancestors. Shintoism and Buddhism
could survive side by side.
Slide 33
Women escaped the more oppressive features of Chinese Confucian
culture. Began to lose status with the birth of the warrior
class/culture. Modern Day comparison: http://country-
facts.findthedata.org/compare/12- 82/China-vs-Japan http://country-
facts.findthedata.org/compare/12- 82/China-vs-Japan