© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind. Writing a Research Manuscript.

© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind.

Writing a Research Manuscript


Identify the essential components of a typical manuscript and summarize the purpose of each.

Discuss why the abstract is such an important part of the manuscript.

List the basic “rules of thumb” for formatting manuscripts using APA style.


What a Manuscript Looks Like Nuts and Bolts



Title Page Abstract Introduction Method Results Discussion References

Appendices Author Note Footnotes Table Captions Tables Figure Captions Figures


Guns and Chewing Gum

1

Running Head: GUNS AND CHEWING GUM

Guns and Chewing Gum: The Perception of Reality of

Problem Behaviors in Public Schools

Neil Salkind1, Douglas Adams, Craig Dermer, Jackie

Heinerikson, B. Jones and Erin Nash

University of Kansas

Running Head

Title

Authors

Institutional Affiliation


A one-sentence statement of purpose A brief description of participants A brief description of results Any conclusions being offered



2

AbstractIn a 1994 New York Times article, Barry O’Neill traced the evolution of two lists (one from the 1940s and one from the 1980s) of reportedly serious behaviors in the public schools. He found the origins of the list…

ExampleAbstract : Meet the word count limitation ( 150-250 word), then:Purpose of the study( this paper aims to…….FindingsImplicationsMust be written at the end of your research

Running head appears on each page

No indent


Outlines background of problem Helps reader understand problem States purpose of study



3

Guns and Chewing Gum: The Perceptions and Reality of Problem

Behaviors in Public Schools In 1994, Barry O’Neill (O’Neill, 1994) wrote an article that

appeared in the Sunday Magazine section of the New York Times,

titled “The History of a Hoax.” The article traced the evolution of

two lists of the reportedly most serious behaviors in the public

schools, one list generated during the1940s and one list

generated during the 1980s.

Title Level 1 heading

All text is double spaced

1.5 inch margin

1.5 inch margin


Describes how the study was conducted The most common subheads are

◦ Participants—who they were and what special characteristics they had; what instructions were given

◦ Instruments—what tests, drugs, computers, etc., were used

◦ Data Analysis—how the data were analyzed



5rankings of the seriousness of a list of behaviors as a function of

whether or not the respondents currently teach in the public

schools.

Method

Participants

The sample consisted of predominantly middle class U.S.

Midwestern adults who ranged in age from 23 to 58 years with a

mean age of 37.2. There were 125 females and 25 males, with

113 of the total sample currently teaching and 36 not.

Level 1 heading Level 2

heading


Insert Table 1 about here


5

The list of behaviors (organized alphabetically) is shown in Table 1. This list was compiled based on interviews with 30 adults, 15 of whom currently teach in the public schools. Reference to

where table 1 should be placed


Descriptive statistics Outcomes of inferential statistical tests References to tables and figures



6

Results and Discussion

Tables 2 and 3 represent the same data organized in

different ways. Table 2 shows the most serious

behaviors ranked by the sample of teachers and

nonteachers. Table 3 shows the 13 most serious

behaviors listed in alphabetical order and the associated

ranks and average “seriousness” score for the total

sample, teachers and nonteachers.

Level 1 heading


Evaluation of study◦ How this study relates to past studies◦ What the results mean

Contributions the study makes Implications and limitations Results and discussion are sometimes

reported together in one section


Sources consulted during course of study Must be in appropriate format



9

References

Berliner, D.C., & Biddle, B.J. (1996). The manufactured

crisis: Myths, fraud, and the attack on America’s public schools. Boston. Addison-Wesley.

Gallup poll of public attitudes toward the public schools.

(1987) Phi Delta Kappan, 69, 28-29.

King-Stoops, J., & Meier, W. (1978). Teacher analysis of

the discipline problem. Phi Delta Kappan, 59, 354.

Males, M. (1992). Top school problems are myths. Phi

Delta Kappan, 72, 54-55.

O’Neill, B. (1994, March 6). The history of a hoax. New

York Times Magazine, 31, 15-21.

Level 1 heading

Book reference

Journalarticle

references

Magazine/Periodicalreference


Appendices◦ Non-essential but important information◦ Often original data or drawings

Author Notes◦ Supplementary information

Footnotes◦ Elaboration on references or other technical

points in manuscript


Table Captions—a list of tables to follow and their respective captions

Tables◦ Text arranged in columns or rows◦ Numbered consecutively


Figure Captions—identify each of the figures with a number and title

Figures◦ Actual figures



Some important format rules: Type should be readable Use 12-point Times Roman or Courier type Double-spaced One-inch margins Use appropriate page numbering Indent first line of each paragraph 5-7 spaces Type headings according to standards One space after all punctuation Do not indent the abstract Start the list of references on a new page


Identify the essential components of a typical manuscript and summarize the purpose of each?

Discuss why the abstract is such an important part of the manuscript?

List the basic “rules of thumb” for formatting manuscripts using APA style?

© 2011 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind. Writing a Research Manuscript.

Documents

pearson prentice hall

heading slide

indent slide

chewing gum guns

research manuscript

public schools neil

inch margin slide

list of behaviors