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. . . open standards prevent a single, self-interested party from controlling a standard, facilitate competition by lowering the cost of entry, and stimulate innovation beyond the standard by companies that seek to differentiate themselves. Customers value the interoperability that open standards provide and generally benefit from not being locked into a particular supplier.
Source: Open Standards, Open Source, and Open Innovation: Harnessing the Benefits of Openness, April 2006.
Committee For Economic Development. http://www.ced.org
Why Are Open Standards and Interoperability Why Are Open Standards and Interoperability Important?Important?
• Without Standards and Interoperability, there would be no:– Internet or Web
– Telephone / Cellular Technology
– Transportation Systems
– Electric Power Distribution
• These industries offer huge benefits and enjoy widespread acceptance as a result of using standards that enable interoperability – should spatial be any different?
<Name>CubeWerx WFS</Name><Title>CubeWerx Web Feature Service</Title><Abstract>Web Feature Server maintained by X.</Abstract><OnlineResource>http://www.server.com/wfs.cgi?</OnlineResource>
</Service>
<!– Defines the list of feature types that this instance can operate upon and --><!-- which operations are supported on each feature type--><FeatureTypeList><Operations> <Query/> </Operations><FeatureType>
<Capability> <!-- defines which WFS operations this service supports, what DCP is supported --> <!-- for each service and what the entry points is for each operation--></Capability>
OGC’s Approach for Advancing OGC’s Approach for Advancing InteroperabilityInteroperability
• Interoperability Program (IP) - a global, innovative, hands-on prototyping and testing program designed to accelerate interface development and validation, and bring interoperability to the market
• Specification Development Program –Consensus processes similar to other Industry consortia (World Wide Web Consortium, OMA, OMG, etc.).
• Outreach and Community Adoption Program – education and training, encourage take up of OGC specifications, business development, communications programs
Tsunami Information PortalTsunami Information Portal
Developed by DM Solutions in concert with Asian Institute of Technology, Chulalongkorn University, and Laboratory of Applied Geomatics. Uses OpenGIS WMS Interface
– An abstract model for Point, Line, Polygon & Box– Two different XML encodings: “Simple” and “GML”
– This is a compromise: community could not agree to support only GML at this time
– the GML version: » A GML profile and application schema» A subset of GML Simple Features» A superset of GML Point Profile» GeoRSS encoding can be used to articulate location in
any XML encoding, but it’s designed for use with RSS (Atom, 1.0, 2.0)
<entry> <title>License Commission Decision-Making Hearing</title> <link rel="via” href="http://www.cambridgema.gov/Calendar.cfm?typeid=&calType=City&month=1&view=daily&day=2007-01-25&id=15525" /> <id>http://www.cambridgema.gov/Calendar.cfm?typeid=&calType=City&month=1&view=daily&day=2007-01-25&id=15525</id> <updated>2007-01-25:00</updated> <content type="html">The License Commission will meet at ten oclock on Thursday morning, January 25, 2007 in the Michael J. Lombardi Municipal Building, Basement Conference Room, to make decisions on hearings held on Tuesday, January 9th and Tuesday, January 23, 2007.Elizabeth Y. Lint, Executive Officer <br/><br/><em>Location:</em> Lombardi Building - Conference Room-Basement Level , Cambridge<br> <br/><em>Address:</em> 831 Massachusetts Avenue</content> <georss:where> <gml:Point> <gml:pos>42.367199 -71.106418</gml:pos> </gml:Point> </georss:where></entry><entry> <title>Urban Soils Workshop Taking the Lead on Lead</title> <link rel="via" href="http://www.cambridgema.gov/Calendar.cfm?typeid=&calType=City&month=1&view=daily&day=2007-01-25&id=15668" /> <id>http://www.cambridgema.gov/Calendar.cfm?typeid=&calType=City&month=1&view=daily&day=2007-01-25&id=15668</id> <updated>2007-01-25:00</updated> <content type="html">Free workshop to discuss how local groups are reclaiming urban spaces and creating healthier communities by addressing the issue of lead contamination in soil.&#160 We will hear talks regarding methods of mitigation and share examples of success and challenges common to us all.&#160 <br/><br/><em>Location:</em> City Hall Annex - 4th Floor Conference Room<br> <br/><em>Address:</em> 344 Broadway </content> <georss:where> <gml:Point> <gml:pos>42.370033 -71.103176</gml:pos> </gml:Point> </georss:where></entry>
<entry> <title>License Commission Decision-Making Hearing</title> <link rel="via” href="http://www.cambridgema.gov/Calendar.cfm?typeid=&calType=City&month=1&view=daily&day=2007-01-25&id=15525" /> <id>http://www.cambridgema.gov/Calendar.cfm?typeid=&calType=City&month=1&view=daily&day=2007-01-25&id=15525</id> <updated>2007-01-25:00</updated> <content type="html">The License Commission will meet at ten oclock on Thursday morning, January 25, 2007 in the Michael J. Lombardi Municipal Building, Basement Conference Room, to make decisions on hearings held on Tuesday, January 9th and Tuesday, January 23, 2007.Elizabeth Y. Lint, Executive Officer <br/><br/><em>Location:</em> Lombardi Building - Conference Room-Basement Level , Cambridge<br> <br/><em>Address:</em> 831 Massachusetts Avenue</content> <georss:where> <gml:Point> <gml:pos>42.367199 -71.106418</gml:pos> </gml:Point> </georss:where></entry><entry> <title>Urban Soils Workshop Taking the Lead on Lead</title> <link rel="via" href="http://www.cambridgema.gov/Calendar.cfm?typeid=&calType=City&month=1&view=daily&day=2007-01-25&id=15668" /> <id>http://www.cambridgema.gov/Calendar.cfm?typeid=&calType=City&month=1&view=daily&day=2007-01-25&id=15668</id> <updated>2007-01-25:00</updated> <content type="html">Free workshop to discuss how local groups are reclaiming urban spaces and creating healthier communities by addressing the issue of lead contamination in soil.&#160 We will hear talks regarding methods of mitigation and share examples of success and challenges common to us all.&#160 <br/><br/><em>Location:</em> City Hall Annex - 4th Floor Conference Room<br> <br/><em>Address:</em> 344 Broadway </content> <georss:where> <gml:Point> <gml:pos>42.370033 -71.103176</gml:pos> </gml:Point> </georss:where></entry>
current and future implementerscurrent and future implementers
• Cadcorp SIS, ESRI, Oracle• Google Earth and Maps• Mapufacture• Microsoft Virtual Earth v3• Platial• Yahoo! Maps API• OASIS Emergency Management TC for CAP and