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Kinesiology & Body Kinesiology & Body MechanicsMechanics
• Kinesiology - study of motion or human Kinesiology - study of motion or human movementmovement
• Anatomic kinesiology - study of human Anatomic kinesiology - study of human musculoskeletal system & musculotendinous musculoskeletal system & musculotendinous systemsystem
• Biomechanics - application of mechanical Biomechanics - application of mechanical physics to human motionphysics to human motion
Kinesiology & Body Kinesiology & Body MechanicsMechanics
• Structural kinesiology - study of muscles as Structural kinesiology - study of muscles as they are involved in science of movementthey are involved in science of movement
• Both skeletal & muscular structures are Both skeletal & muscular structures are involvedinvolved
• Bones are different sizes & shapes Bones are different sizes & shapes particularly at the joints, which allow or limit particularly at the joints, which allow or limit movementmovement
Kinesiology & Body Kinesiology & Body MechanicsMechanics
• Muscles vary greatly in size, shape, & Muscles vary greatly in size, shape, & structure from one part of body to anotherstructure from one part of body to another
• More than 600 muscles are found in human More than 600 muscles are found in human body body
Why Kinesiology?Why Kinesiology?• should have an adequate knowledge & should have an adequate knowledge &
understanding of all large muscle groups to understanding of all large muscle groups to teach others how to strengthen, improve, & teach others how to strengthen, improve, & maintain these parts of human bodymaintain these parts of human body
• should not only know how & what to do in should not only know how & what to do in relation to conditioning & training but also know relation to conditioning & training but also know why specific exercises are done in conditioning & why specific exercises are done in conditioning & training of athletes (BE EVIDENCE BASED)training of athletes (BE EVIDENCE BASED)
• Inferior (infra)Inferior (infra)– below in relation to another structure; caudalbelow in relation to another structure; caudal
• Superior (supra)Superior (supra)– above in relation to another structure; higher, cephalicabove in relation to another structure; higher, cephalic
• DistalDistal– situated away from the center or midline of the body, or situated away from the center or midline of the body, or
away from the point of originaway from the point of origin• ProximalProximal
– nearest the trunk or the point of originnearest the trunk or the point of origin• LateralLateral
– on or to the side; outside, farther from the median or on or to the side; outside, farther from the median or midsagittal planemidsagittal plane
• MedialMedial– relating to the middle or center; nearer to the medial or relating to the middle or center; nearer to the medial or
midsagittal planemidsagittal plane• MedianMedian
– Relating to the middle or center; nearer to the median or Relating to the middle or center; nearer to the median or midsagittal planemidsagittal plane
From Van De Graaff KM: Human anatomy, ed 6, New York, 2002, McGraw-Hill
– Describes each type of joint and allows viewing of how the joint Describes each type of joint and allows viewing of how the joint moves within the body. moves within the body.
University of Michigan Learning Resource Center, Hypermuscle: University of Michigan Learning Resource Center, Hypermuscle: Muscles in actionMuscles in actionwww.med.umich.edu/lrc/Hypermuscle/Hyper.html#flex www.med.umich.edu/lrc/Hypermuscle/Hyper.html#flex – Describes each motion and allows viewing of the motion Describes each motion and allows viewing of the motion
performed.performed.ArticulationsArticulations
http://basic-anatomy.net/http://basic-anatomy.net/– A thorough discussion of the articulationsA thorough discussion of the articulations
http://sv.berkeley.edu/showcase/pages/bones.htmlhttp://sv.berkeley.edu/showcase/pages/bones.html– An interactive site which allows assembly of the skeletonAn interactive site which allows assembly of the skeleton
Functions of the Skeletal SystemFunctions of the Skeletal Systemhttp://training.seer.cancer.gov/module_anatomy/http://training.seer.cancer.gov/module_anatomy/
unit3_1_bone_functions.htmlunit3_1_bone_functions.html– Several pages with information on bone tissue, bone Several pages with information on bone tissue, bone
development and growth, and the jointsdevelopment and growth, and the jointsWireframe SkeletonWireframe Skeleton
www.2flashgames.com/f/f-220.htmwww.2flashgames.com/f/f-220.htm– Move around the skeleton's limbs arms legs body and make it Move around the skeleton's limbs arms legs body and make it
do funny thingsdo funny thingsSkeletal systemSkeletal system
www.bio.psu.edu/faculty/strauss/anatomy/skel/skeletal.htmwww.bio.psu.edu/faculty/strauss/anatomy/skel/skeletal.htm– Pictures of dissected bones and their anatomical landmarksPictures of dissected bones and their anatomical landmarks
www.douglas.bc.ca/biology/project/articulations/www.douglas.bc.ca/biology/project/articulations/– Details all of the joint types with pictures and review questionsDetails all of the joint types with pictures and review questions
eSkeletons ProjecteSkeletons Projectwww.eskeletons.org/www.eskeletons.org/– An interactive site with a bone viewer showing the morphology, An interactive site with a bone viewer showing the morphology,
origins, insertions, and articulations of each boneorigins, insertions, and articulations of each boneExRx ArticulationsExRx Articulations
www.exrx.net/Lists/Articulations.htmlwww.exrx.net/Lists/Articulations.html– Detailed common exercises demonstrating movements of each Detailed common exercises demonstrating movements of each
joint and listing the muscles involvedjoint and listing the muscles involvedSkeleton ShakedownSkeleton Shakedown
www.harcourtschool.com/activity/skel/skel.htmlwww.harcourtschool.com/activity/skel/skel.html– Help put a disarticulated skeleton back togetherHelp put a disarticulated skeleton back together
KLB Science Department InteractivitiesKLB Science Department Interactivitieswww.klbschool.org.uk/interactive/science/skeleton.htmwww.klbschool.org.uk/interactive/science/skeleton.htm– Skeleton labeling exercisesSkeleton labeling exercises
Introductory Anatomy: JointsIntroductory Anatomy: Jointswww.leeds.ac.uk/chb/lectures/anatomy4.htmlwww.leeds.ac.uk/chb/lectures/anatomy4.html– Notes on joint articulationsNotes on joint articulations
The Interactive SkeletonThe Interactive Skeletonwww.pdh-odp.co.uk/skeleton.htmwww.pdh-odp.co.uk/skeleton.htm– Point and click to detailed skeletal illustrationsPoint and click to detailed skeletal illustrations
Radiographic Anatomy of the SkeletonRadiographic Anatomy of the Skeletonwww.rad.washington.edu/radanat/www.rad.washington.edu/radanat/– X-rays with and without labels of bony landmarksX-rays with and without labels of bony landmarks
Web SitesWeb SitesRadiographic Anatomy of the SkeletonRadiographic Anatomy of the Skeleton
www.szote.u-szeged.hu/Radiology/Anatomy/skeleton.htmwww.szote.u-szeged.hu/Radiology/Anatomy/skeleton.htm– X-rays with and without labels of bony landmarksX-rays with and without labels of bony landmarks
Virtual skeletonVirtual skeletonwww.uwyo.edu/RealLearning/4210qtvr.htmlwww.uwyo.edu/RealLearning/4210qtvr.html– A 3-dimensional human osteology with Quicktime movies of A 3-dimensional human osteology with Quicktime movies of
each boneeach boneSkeleton: The JointsSkeleton: The Joints
www.zoology.ubc.ca/~biomania/tutorial/bonejt/outline.htmwww.zoology.ubc.ca/~biomania/tutorial/bonejt/outline.htm– Point and click to detailed joint illustrationsPoint and click to detailed joint illustrations
Forensic AnthropologyForensic Anthropologyhttp://www-personal.une.edu.au/~pbrown3/skeleton.pdf http://www-personal.une.edu.au/~pbrown3/skeleton.pdf – A detailed discussion of skeletal anthropology with excellent A detailed discussion of skeletal anthropology with excellent
pictures of dissected bonespictures of dissected bones