19 men hijack 4 planes and kill almost 3000 people Results: 2 wars that have lasted almost a decade 4683 brave Americans have died in Iraq and.

19 men hijack 4 planes and kill almost 3000 people

Results: 2 wars that have lasted almost a decade 4683 brave Americans have died in Iraq and

Afghanistan since the launch of Operation Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan) on October 7, 2001

For most of your life, our country has been at war

Very difficult to define Governments and international

agencies can’t agree on a definition, why?

PerspectiveWhich side a person is on

Contras kill thousands of civilians to overthrow the government

Nicaraguan government called the Contras terrorists

President Regan called them “freedom fighters”

Terrorism is criminal activity involving the use of violence, or the threat of violence to promote a particular cause

Politically or religiously motivated

Carried out by those who have no political power

Ancient times~ daggers, swords and vials of poison

Today~ knives, poison, bombs, automatic weapons and grenade launchers

What else? Hijackings, hostages and

assassinations

1972 Olympics~ Palestinians took Israeli athletes hostage 11 athletes and coaches were murdered

On November 4, 1979 Islamist students took 52 Americans hostage in the U.S. Embassy in Tehran

They held the Americans for 444 days

Released them on January 20, 1981~the day Ronald Regan became the 40th President of the United States

Terrorist groups create “cells”

Helps them to stay secret by working in smaller groups

Terrorists will target government or military buildings, buses, subways and restaurants in order to draw maximum media attention

Historians choose this date as the start of modern terrorism

July 22, 1968 PLO (Palestinian Liberation Organization)

hijacked an Israeli jet Wanted to trade their hostages for their

“friends” who were being held in an Israeli prison

PLO laid the foundation for terrorism today

Sophisticated communication and technology has led to an increase in international terrorism

Al Qaeda~ terrorists that cross into another country to inflict violence

Rally for HamasOsama Bin Laden and his right hand man

Here in the United States~ KKK (Ku Klux Klan)

Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols

State terrorism: Governments that rule through the use of

fear; use torture, assassination and mass killings to terrorize their citizens

Hitler, Stalin Can you name anyone else?

Countries that give financial assistance and provide protection to terrorists

Afghanistan, Iran, Sudan and Syria

Can you think of other countries?

Pakistan ?

What motivates terrorism today around the world?EconomicsReligionnationalism

Bombing of a federal building in Oklahoma City in 1995. Why?

Anti-government beliefs Targeted federal agents located

in this building 168 Americans died including ch

ildren

Most incidents in this part of the world have been economically motivated

Columbia~ drug trafficking has provided $ for terrorist activities

Pablo Escobar was the most powerful drug lord in Colombia~ killed with the help of United States forces in 1993

In European countries, ethnic and religious minorities have terrorized citizens

Northern Ireland~ IRA (Irish Republican Army) Fought for Northern Ireland’s independence

from English rule

ETA~ group that wanted Spain to allow Basque region to secede from Spain

Black Widows~ group of all women suicide bombers who have lost male members of their families in Chechnya’s fight for independence from Russia

Oct. 2002~ Black Widows take over a theatre in Moscow

41 terrorists and 129 hostages died 2004 Chechen rebels took parents

and students hostage at a school More than 350 died in this incident

Above, military carry the bodies of hostages out of the theatre.

To the right, a Black Widow holds Russians hostage in the Moscow theatre.

Home to more terrorists groups than any other region

Israel v. Palestine

Hamas, Fatah, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad and Hezbollah

Fighting for land and also control of religious sites that are significant to both Jews and Islams

Israeli attack in Lebanon in retaliation for Hezbollah attacks in Israel

LTTE~ The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Ellam~ seeking independence from Sri Lanka

Aum Shinrikyo~ religious cult who want to control Japan and the world Bombing in Japanese

subway

Aftermath of bombing in Japanese subway

In the Philippines~ Moro Islamic Liberation Front~ want to create a separate area in the Philippines for Muslims

Tied to Al Qaeda and Bin Laden

This group has been accused of using children that have been kidnapped to murder while the leaders hide.

Osama Bin Laden~ born in 1957 to a wealthy Saudi Arabian family

Was a fundamentalist who was upset that the United States had a military base in Saudi Arabia

This is a picture of Osama Bin Laden with his family. They are in Switzerland. He is the one with the circle around him.

1993~ World Trade Center: 6 died 1995~ Embassies in Africa~ one in Kenya

and one in Tanzania: 223 died October 2000~ Naval Ship~ suicide

bomber runs into the side of the USS Cole killing 17 servicemen

September 2001~ 4 planes are hijacked; World Trade Center, Pentagon, field in Pennsylvania:

Pictures of the attacksPicture from the inside of the World Trade Center in 1993 after the bombing in the parking garage

Picture from Al Qaeda attack on U. S. embassy in Kenya

Pictures of the attacks

Suicide bomber attacks the USS Cole in October 2000.

The damage that was done to the Pentagon on September 11, 2001

On May 02, 2011, after many years of terrorizing the citizens of the United States, Osama Bin Laden is killed by Navy Seals Special Ops

People around the world are affected differently by terrorism

How are you affected by terrorism? Restrictions at the airports New restrictions at federal government

buildings Increased awareness of potential danger

during everyday life~ car bomb in Times Square

Think of every day life in Iraq, Afghanistan, Israel, Colombia

What do you think their citizens have to consider every time they leave their homes?

In Northern Ireland~ 1998 peace was negotiated between the government and the IRA

David Trimble, then leader of the Ulster Unionist Party and John Hume the then leader of the SDLP, were the largest Unionist and Nationalist parties and had just brokered what went on to become known as 'The Good Friday Agreement'.

Positive Outcomes con’t

In Iraq, Saddam Hussein was captured and killed ending decades of violence against his own people

Bin Laden, the leader of Al Qaeda was killed

State terrorism that had occurred for decades in some of the countries of North Africa is coming to an end

Tunisia, Egypt, Libya have toppled abusive leaders leaving their countries open for new, less violent, governments

Ousted leader of Tunisia Zine el Abidine Ben Ali

Ousted Egyptian leader Hosni Mubarak

Ousted Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi