| 1 © 2013 Universal Lighting Technologies High Intensity Discharge (HID) Presented by: Your Name HERE.

| 1© 2013 Universal Lighting Technologies

High Intensity Discharge (HID)Presented by: Your Name HERE


HID Family: Universal’s Offering

Universal is the technology leader in every category of HID ballasts covering every lamp application. Universal stocks and delivers ultra-reliable HID ballasts.

Universal’s HID Family


HID Family: Primary Benefits

Magnetic HID Benefits: Trip tap (120, 277, 347), Quad tap (120, 208, 240, 277) and Multi-5 (120, 208, 240, 277, 480):

Color-coded leads for easier installation. Simple installation instruction and troubleshooting tips included. Adjustable mounting brackets for various mounting configurations. Prewired capacitor (plus ignitor if needed) saves installation time and reduces wiring errors.

High Pressure Sodium Ballasts: These lamp systems provide maximum energy efficiency where color quality is not a primary concern. Available with constant wattage autotransformers and high reactance lag circuit types. Wattages from 35 – 1000.

Probe Start Metal Halide Ballasts: These lamp systems are an efficient lighting source with good color rendering. Universal’s HID ballasts are available for lamps from 175W to 1650W with constant wattage autotransformer circuit type.

Pulse Start Metal Halide Ballasts: These lamp systems provide high efficiency lighting source with good color rendering. Universal’s HID ballasts are available for lamps from 35W to 1000W with constant wattage autotransformers and high reactance lag circuit types. Metal Halide: Pulse Start provides these additional benefits over Probe Start: Better cold starting, improved color rendering, faster warm-up times, shorter re-strike times, cooler operation, and reduced color shift.

Multi-5 Uni-Pak (Ballast/Lamp) Replacement Kit Benefits: Five taps in one: 120, 208, 240, 277 and 480 volt. Packages the right ballast and lamp to ensure system compatibility – all in an easy-to carry box. Multi-5 ballast for the correct voltage every time (120, 208, 240, 277, 480). Matched lamp to ensure system compatibility. All mounting hardware and components in one easy to carry box.


HID Lamps

Three different types:

1. Mercury (Banned by DOE)

2. High Pressure Sodium (HPS): Ceramic arc tube is populated with mercury and sodium

vapors under high pressure. High voltage applied across arc tube causes the vapors to

generate an orange/yellow light.

3. Metal Halide (MH) Family (Standard Metal Halide and Pulse Start Metal Halide):

Arc tube is populated with mercury and metal halide salt gases under high pressure.

High voltage applied across cathode causes the salt atoms to generate UV and visible light.

Bulb wall filters out UV and allows visible light to pass through.


Starting Electrode

Standard Metal Halide

Pulse Start Metal Halide

Pulse Start Arc Tube

One of the key differences between the pulse start metal halide lamp and standard metal halide lamps is that the standard MH lamp has a starting electrode as part of the arc tube.

Removal of this starting electrode improves the efficiency and lighting quality of the lamp.

Because there is no starting electrode, pulse start lamps require the ballast to have an ignitor.


Quartz and Ceramic Metal Halide

Many metal halide lamp wattages are available with quartz or ceramic arc tubes.

– Quartz is the older technology that has typically been installed.– Ceramic arc tubes provide better color rendering. (Whiter whites!)

• Ceramic lamps are available for pulse start lamps only.


High Pressure Sodium Lamps

High Pressure Sodium (HPS) lamps are the most efficient type of HID lamp but since their color is not very good, HPS lamps may not be ideal for some applications.

Pulse Start MH lamps also provide very good efficiencies.

Lamp Type Lumens per WattHPS 60-125

Metal Halide 60-100Pulse Start MH 90-115

Ceramic MH 60-90


HID Lumen Maintenance

With Magnetic HID ballasts ...

Over the life of an HID lamp, the light output drops off.

HPS drops off the least, followed by Pulse Start MH.


HID Colors

Ceramic MH provides the highest Color Rendering (CRI) available for HID lamps.

HPS and Mercury provide the lowest CRI.

HID lamps vary in their ability to provide quality “white” lighting. The chart below identifies the lamp color and other attributes. The higher the CRI (color rendering index), the closer the lamp color is to having a full true white color spectrum.

Lamp Type Quality Color Typical CRIHPS Poor Orange/Yellow 20

Metal Halide Good Closer to White 60Pulse Start MH Better Closer to White 60 & 70

Ceramic MH Best White 80


HID Warm-Up & Re-Strike

All HID lamps require time to warm up when initially turned on and have a re-strike delay time when they are inadvertently shut off during operation.

Lamp TypeWarm-Up

TimeRe-Strike Time

HPS 3-4 Minutes <1 MinuteMetal Halide 2-5 Minutes 10-20 MinutesCeramic MH 2-5 Minutes 10-20 Minutes

Pulse Start MH 2-3 Minutes 6-10 Minutes


HID Starting

High Pressure Sodium External Ignitor Required

Pulse Start Metal Halide External Ignitor Required

Metal Halide Internal Electrode: No external

ignitor required

Some HID lamps require an external ignitor to be used as part of the lighting circuit.

When these are required, they are included with the ballast.


HID End-of-Life

• High Pressure Sodium– Arc voltage rises to a point where ballast cannot sustain it and the lamp

repeatedly cycles on and off.

• Metal Halide– Similar to mercury, long lamp life but lumen depreciation (reduced light

output) dictates usable life.

Unlike fluorescent lamps, HID lamps “fail” differently than just extinguishing. They also vary in end-of-life between lamp types.


HID Lamp ANSI Matrix

Ballast specifications identify the HID lamps that are to be used by their ANSI lamp designations.

This is to prevent compatibility problems in identifying lamp types of the same wattage that require different ballast types.

ANSI Lamp Designation Matrix

Type 35 50 70 100 150 175 200 250 320 350 400 450 600 750 1000 1500

Mercury H45 H46

H43H38 H44

H39 H37 H33 H36

HPS S76 S68 S62 S54S55 S56

S66 S50 S51 S106 S111 S52

Standard MH M107 M57 M58 M59 M47 M48Pulse Start MH M130 M110 M98 M90 M102 M152 M136 M153 M154 M131 M155 M144 M149 M141

Ceramic MH M130M139M143

M140 M142

Notes: H45 is a 40W lampM130 is a 39W lampH43 listed in 70W column is actually a 75W lampM152 175W PSMH replaces M137 175W PSMHM153 250W PSMH replaces M138 250W PSMHM154 320W PSMH replaces M132 320W PSMHM155 400W PSMH replaces M135 400W PSMH

Lamp Wattage


Magnetic Ballast Circuit Types

1. Reactor (Rx)

2. High Reactance (Lag)

3. Constant Wattage Autotransformer (CWA)


Reactors (Rx)

Advantages• Single Coil• Small Size• Good Efficiency • Lowest Cost

Disadvantages• Poor Power Factor• Poor Regulation• Dip Tolerance 25%• Single Voltage

Available for Low Wattage MH & HPS 35-150 W

Reactor ballasts have a single coil and are designed for a single input voltage.

They are connected with an ignitor to the lamp and can also have a capacitor for power factor correction.

Reactor ballasts perform poorly when the power line fluctuates (poor regulation).


High Reactance (Lag)

Advantages• Can be used with any input voltage

Disadvantages• Heavier, larger, and more expensive than

reactor type• Higher losses than reactors

Notes Used for multi-tap, low wattage HID lamps Performance the same as a reactor Also called HxNPF & HxHpf Capacitor required for High Power Factor

High Reactance ballasts have two coils and are available with multiple taps for different input voltages.

They are low power factor but can have a capacitor for power factor correction.


Constant Wattage Autotransformer (CWA)

Advantages• Better power line regulation• High power factor• Better voltage dip tolerance

Disadvantages• Higher cost • Weight• Not as efficient as reactors or electronic HID

Notes Most common ballast on wattages above 150W.

CWA ballasts have two coils and are available with multiple taps for different input voltages. They are high power factor and provide good regulation with the power line.


Magnetic Ballast Construction Types

1. Core and Coil Most common type of HID ballast Constructed with one or two coils and steel laminations Available for CWA, High Reactance, and Reactors A wide variety of input voltages are available Ballast is installed in an enclosed fixture housing Capacitor and starter supplied (If needed)

2. Encased and Potted Primarily used for indoor downlighting applications where quiet

operation is essential. All of the components are enclosed in a fluorescent-style ballast can

and are thermally protected. Available for most lamp types up to 400W


Ballast Factor

Unlike fluorescent ballasts, which are offered with a variety of ballast factors, HID ballasts have ballast factors of 1.00.

– Lumens from the lamp are identified by the lamp manufacturer.• System lumens will take into account lamp lumens and fixture efficiencies.• Ballasts are not part of the system lumen equation.

– Unique applications may have ballast factors less than 1.00, but these are not very common.


Temperature Codes

UL Bench Top Rise Ratings

HID ballasts have temperature codes to identify the temperature rises at which they operate.– The best rating is “A,” which represents the lowest temperature rise – “J” rating has the highest temperature rise

Temperature codes are primarily used by the fixture manufacturers during their approval processes.

Replacement products are designed for operation in most applications.


Capacitors

The majority of HID ballasts use capacitors for lamp current control or power factor correction. These were once available only in metal cans, but many of them are now constructed with plastic housings and are referred to as “dry” capacitors.

Capacitor Ratings:– Capacitors are rated in microfarads and volts.– Replacement capacitors must be the same microfarads

and equal or higher volts than the capacitor being replaced.

Why choose dry capacitors?– They are smaller in size.– The plastic case does not conduct electricity, nor does it

require grounding.– They can operate at higher temperatures, up to 105° C.


Ignitors

• Standard Ignitor– Always comes with the ballast if the lamp requires an ignitor.

• Auto Shutoff Ignitor– Excellent choice when the fixture is in a place that is difficult to maintain. – The ignitor will stop pulsing after a predetermined time to minimize wear on the ballast and the ignitor.

• Long Distance– For use when the ballast is remote-mounted from the lamp. – Standard ignitors are limited from some applications by the distance that they can be mounted from the

lamp.

• Instant Restrike– For low wattage HPS applications when the need for instant re-strike is required.

Many HID lamps require that ignitors (a.k.a. starters) are connected to the lamps to provide an ignition pulse to start the lamp. When ignitors are required, they are shipped along with the ballast. There are different types of ignitors that will provide additional benefits.


Voltages

U.S. HID lighting voltages include 120, 208, 240, 277, and 480 volts.– Common ballast that meet these are:

• 5-Tap: 120/208/240/277/480V – covers ALL voltages• Quad Tap: 120/208/240/277V• 480V w/ 120V tap for standby lighting

Canadian HID lighting voltages include 120, 277, and 347 volts.– Tri-Tap voltages meet these requirements: 120/277/347V

Unlike magnetic fluorescent ballasts, many HID ballasts can operate on a variety of input voltages. These ballasts have separate voltage taps, and they require that the input voltage to be connected to the appropriate tap. This benefit allows contractors and distributors to stock fewer ballasts while meeting their requirements.


Target Segments Commercial & Industrial Sites: Distribution Centers, Warehouses, Factories, etc.

Convention Centers: Large meeting space, loading warehouse, trade show floor

spaces, etc. Education:

Gymnasiums, parking, etc. Government / Municipalities:

Large indoor or outdoor public places Healthcare:

Parking structures for visitors/doctors, large lobby atriums, etc.

Parking Structures, Stations & Garages: Garage, flood, pedestrian, pole, specialty indoor/outdoor,

etc. Retail:

Grocery stores, convenience stores, shopping center developers, furniture dealers, etc.

Sports Arenas: Coliseums, Arenas, Stadiums, Athletic Fields, etc.

HID ballasts are ideal for a broad range of applications.

Target replacement HID ballasts with Facility Managers over multi-location facilities with parking.

HID is commonly used for:–Area lighting (e.g. parking)–Roadways (e.g. underground roundabouts, tunnels, highways, etc.)–Outdoor lighting–Highbays–Exterior lighting, outdoor wall packs–High ceiling downlighting–Large indoor areas with high ceilings.

HID Family: Applications


HID Family: Quick Cross Reference

Always consult the current spec sheet for details: http://ultballastspecs.unvlt.com/

Universal’s HID product line covers more lamp types and lamp wattages than most of our competitors. It is interesting to see the “holes” in competitor’s lines where they are limited or have no offering.


THANK YOU

For Additional Information, please visit our website www.unvlt.com or use your QR Reader for Smart Phone instant access.

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Website: www.unvlt.comNashville Customer Service: (800) 862-8666

Universal Technical Engineering Services: 1-800-BALLAST (1-800-225-5278)

| 1 © 2013 Universal Lighting Technologies High Intensity Discharge (HID) Presented by: Your Name HERE.

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