Wow Wednesday Down loading e-books today Biochemistry Notes Pre-AP: You will need your spirals today after bellwork.
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Wow WednesdayDown loading e-books todayBiochemistry NotesPre-AP: You will need your spirals today after bellwork
Bellwork 8: Periodic TableDate: 9/16/09
1. What is the periodic table? 2. What does the periodic table do for us
with reference to the elements?
Biochemistry
Elements and Atoms• Matter is anything that has mass and takes up
space.• Atoms are the basic building blocks of all
matter.• Elements are basic substances that cannot be
broken down into other substances.• Molecules are formed by the joining of atoms
of two or more elements. (smallest combination that cannot be divided without changing its chemical and physical properties)
• Compounds are composed of atoms of different elements chemically combined.
Atoms• The center of an atom is called the nucleus.• Consists of three subatomic particles called:
Protons: positive chargeNeutrons: neutral/no chargeElectrons: negative charge
• 1st level can hold 2 electrons• 2nd level can hold 8 electrons• 3rd level can hold 18 electrons
Periodic Table
12
Mg
Magnesium
24.305
Atomic Number: Protons
Symbol
Element
Atomic Mass Number: Protons
+
Neutrons
(Nucleus)
QUESTION: What part of the atom gives the atom its mass??
Periodic Table
12
Mg
Magnesium
24.305
Protons
Protons + Neutrons
Protons = ElectronsIn a neutral atom
Periodic Table
12
Mg
Magnesium
24.305
12
24-12 = 12
12
Protons =Electrons =Neutrons =
Periodic Table
17
Cl
Chlorine
35
17
35-17 = 18
17
Protons =Electrons =Neutrons =
Periodic Table
55
Cs
Cesium
133
55
133-55 = 78
55
Protons =Electrons =Neutrons =
Periodic Table
12
12
12
Protons =Electrons =Neutrons =
Periodic Table
16
16
16
Protons =Electrons =Neutrons =
Periodic Table
Periodic Table
Bonding
• The gaining or losing of electrons in order to become stable is called ionic bonding. ( a metal with a nonmetal)
http://www.dac.neu.edu/physics/b.maheswaran/phy1121/data/ch09/anim/anim0904.htm
Bonding
Bonding
Bonding
The sharing of electrons in order to become stable is called covalent bonding. (2 nonmetals)
Bonding
Polarity one atom (O) has a
greater attraction for the electrons than the other atom (H).
Bonding
•http://programs.northlandcollege.edu/biology/Biology1111/animations/hydrogenbonds.html •http://www.dac.neu.edu/physics/b.maheswaran/phy1121/data/ch10/anim/anim1001.htm
Chemical Equations
CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O
ProductsReactants
CO2 + H2O + LIGHT ENERGYLIGHT ENERGY C6H12O6 + O2 6 6 6
Inorganic Substances
• Acids: substances that forms hydrogen (H) hydrogen ions in water. pH of 0-7.
• Bases: substance that forms hydroxide ions (OH) in water. pH scale of 7-14.
• Salts: Inorganic substances that typically contain Chlorine.
Not Containing Carbon
HCl H2SO4
NaOHKOH
NaClMgCl2
Exceptions: CO2 and H2O
Inorganic Substances
HOHSo what is water??
A little bitAcidic
A little bitBasic = Neutral= Neutral
Organic Substances
• Carbohydrates: made up of simple sugars• Nucleic Acids: made up of nucleotides• Lipids: made up of a glycerol and at least
1 fatty acid• Proteins: made up of amino acids
Organic Substances – contain Carbon and Hydrogen
Organic SubstancesCarbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
direct all cell processes
catalysts transport
movement protectionimmune growth
energy storagecell structures
energy
Organic SubstancesCarbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
Organic SubstancesCarbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
Organic SubstancesCarbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
Organic SubstancesCarbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
Organic SubstancesCarbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
Organic SubstancesCarbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
Organic SubstancesCarbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
Organic SubstancesCarbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
Organic SubstancesCarbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
Organic SubstancesCarbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
SugarsStarches
MeatsHormones
MuscleHairNails
EnzymesBlood Cells
FatsOils
Waxes
DNARNA
Organic Substances
InorganicAcid Base Salt
OrganicCarbohydrate
ProteinLipid
Nucleic Acid
Organic Chemistry Lab Foods
A: Butter B: Egg Whites C: Oil D: Yogurt E: Apple Juice F: Spinach G: Potato H: Water
Lets talk about results
Copy the following questions: ANALYSIS QUESTIONS/CONCLUSION 1. Which compound is most common in
foods that come from plants? Which compound is most common in foods that come from animals?
2. Does water contain any of the organic compounds you tested? Explain why water was used as the control.
3. If you wanted to reduce the amount of fat in your diet, what foods would you avoid?
4. Which foods tested would your body use for a quick burst of energy? For energy when no carbohydrates are available? For building body parts?
5. Summarize the results of this lab by writing a “Knowledge Claim” stating what compounds each food consists of.
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