World Systems & Colonialism Part 3

WORLD SYSTEMS & COLONIALISM PART 3

COLONIALIS

M

FIVE MAJOR COLONIAL POWERS• Great Britain• France• Portugal • Belgium • Germany• In addition to these, there was

Spain, Italy and the Dutch.

BASIC REASONS FOR EUROPEAN COLONIZATION OF AFRICA• Geo-Strategic: Since Africa was being

colonized it was important that the _____________________________

• Religious: Colonization was done on ___________• Bringing ____________ to the “heathen”

Africans

BASIC REASONS FOR EUROPEAN COLONIZATION OF AFRICA• Mercantilist: __________ was available for

the taking

• Economic: harvesting the _________________for European good (linked to mercantilist)• Provide a boost to the sagging economies of

Europe as well as provide markets for manufactured goods• ______________________________

African Trade [15c-17c]

Pre-19c European Trade with Africa

IndustrialRevolution

Source forRaw

Materials

Markets forFinishedGoods

EuropeanNationalism

MissionaryActivity

Military& NavalBases

EuropeanMotives

For Colonization

Places toDump Unwanted/Excess Population

Soc. & Eco.Opportunities

HumanitarianReasons

EuropeanRacism

“WhiteMan’sBurden”

SocialDarwinism

AFRICABEFORE 1882

BERLIN CONFERENCEImpact of ColonialismForeign domination of a territory

Berlin Conference (1884-1885) Occurred during the New Imperialism periodAlso called the ‘Scramble for Africa’Initial interest trade routes of the Congo and Nigeria Rivers Neutral areas for trade

RESULTS: BERLIN CONFERENCE (1884-1885) • Powers could only ____________if they

maintained sufficient authority to administer and defend them;

• Niger and Congo rivers were ____________________; the ___________was the private property of the Congo Society;

• Any new act of possession along the African coast would not be recognized unless reported to the other signatory powers. • The phrase_____________ made its first

appearance in an international agreement.

Africa1890

Africain1914

EXAMPLE -- RWANDACastes – Hutus, Tutsi

Belgians ruled through TutsiHutus gained autonomy after Belgian release

Fight for more autonomy – militant1959 groundwork for 1994 1994~800,000 Tutsi people killed10,000-30,000 Hutus killed too

EXAMPLES Turkey and KurdistanPush the Kurds into exileDenying them their identity

Nigeria: Christian and Muslim