Transcript
Dr. Kanwal Kaisser
WORK-LIFE BALANCE AND RELATIONSHIPS
SOME STATISTICS
STATISTICS
4 out of 10 employees state that their jobs are "very" or "extremely" stressful
Those in high stress jobs are 3 times more likely to suffer from medical conditions.
STATISTICS – CONTD.
Women, in particular, report stress related to conflict between work and family. (National Life Insurance company)
75 – 90 % of physician visits are related to stress and, according to the American Institute of Stress.
WOMAN’S CHANGING ROLE IN THE WORK FORCE
WOMAN’S CHANGING ROLE
In years past, a woman’s decision to work outside her home was usually based on three factors:
Marital status,
Contributions from other family members (husband’s salary),
Children
A married woman with children nearly always worked only at home.
CURRENT SCENE
Women enjoy the sense of competence
Contribute financially to their families
Men face less stress when not pressured to be the family’s sole provider
CURRENT SCENE (CONTD.)
In 1960, 1/3rd women with children were employed outside the home.
In 2003, 60.7 % of mothers in two-parent families were employed.
4 out of 5 Americans say it’s fine for a married woman to work even though her husband makes enough money to support the family.
CHANGING OCCUPATIONS
Women’s occupations are also changing as they move into careers previously dominated by males
Fill approximately 1/3rd of management positions
However, remain in jobs with little authority and low pay.
RESULT :MORE COMPLEX FAMILY LIFE
Challenge of balancing responsibilities in both the family and work areas
The ones who feel they aren’t very successful in balancing family and work is highest between the ages of 30 to 39.
SUPERWOMAN’S LEGACY
Marian Thomas writes:
"The good news is superwoman is dead. The bad news is she left behind an entire generation of women who are still struggling to figure out how to balance home and work.”
COMMON CONCERNS….
“How can I work and have time with my partner or for myself and be available for the kids and get the shopping done and find time to mop the kitchen floor, not to mention relationships, Masjid, kids games?”
Approximately 95 percent of adults in a national survey reported they are concerned work takes too much time away from their families.
FAMILY AND WORK SETTINGS HAVE A BUILT-IN POTENTIAL FOR CONFLICT.
You may feel overwhelmed with the demands at work and at home.
You may feel little energy or time to do all the things you are required to do
You may feel you have no time for yourself.
CONFLICTS IN WORK-FAMILY BALANCE
Time conflicts
Conflict due to tension between roles
Behavioral conflicts
ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC CONTEXT
Economic context
Globalization of markets
Market competition
Mass entry of women into labour market
Tertiarization of the economy
Demographic context
Aging population
Low birth rate
“Sandwich generation”
WORK AND SOCIAL CONTEXT
Work context
Increased use of technology Increase in atypical jobs and
work schedulesFew measures to facilitate work- family reconciliationWork intensification
Social context
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF ANALYSIS
Work-family balance
Time conflicts
Conflict due to tension between roles
Behavioural conflicts
IMPACT ON FAMILY, WORK & HEALTH
Impact on family
Decreased socialization Deterioration of lifestyle practices (food, exercise, etc.)
Adaptation problems
Reduced marital satisfactionReduced ability to transmit values, culture
Impact on work
Reduced work satisfaction
Absenteeism
Employee turnover
Demotivation
Impact on health
Stress, burnout, fatigue, tension and depression
Migraines,
Cardiovascular diseases
ObesityIncreased health care costs Increase in number of single parentsDiversification of families
Dual-earner families
Social isolation
FAMILY AND WORK ENVIRONMENTS INFLUENCE EACH OTHER.
Positive and negative feelings go with you to work and to home.
BALANCE BETWEEN WORK AND FAMILY SETTINGS WILL MINIMIZE STRESS.
Reach Family Goals
Plan Family Activities
REALISTICALLY EVALUATE YOUR EMPLOYMENT DECISION
Do you need to work full-time?
Will you receive health care,
retirement, and vacation benefits?
Calculate how much the
decision to work will cost in time for family, child- care, clothing
and dry cleaning, and
household chores.
ORGANIZE FAMILY ACTIVITIES
Set priorities for the
family.
Be Realist
ic
Plan Ahead for the Next Day
ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ON WORKING WOMEN
Allah Almighty says (what means):
ل ي�ة اه ج� ال�ج� ن� ت�ب�ر� ج� ن� ف ي ب"ي"وت ك"ن� و�ال� ت�ب�ر� ر� و�ق�"ول�ى* األ�
“And abide in your houses and do not display yourselves as
[was] the display of the
former times of ignorance…”
[Quran 33: 33]
MUSLIM WOMEN IN HISTORY
Scholars and
Muhaddithat
Worshippers
Orators and Preachers
Warriors BenefactorsWomen of General
Excellence
Poetesses and Women
of Eloquence
Many Women of Political Acumen
KHADIJAH (RA): THE ARCHETYPE
Family and Character
Wealth and Status
The First of the Believers
Esteemed Counselor
WARRIOR WOMEN
Took part in battles by carrying water, nursing wounded, some also fought!
Safiyya bint Abdul Muttalib, saw aunt killed a spy with a tent pole
Khaibar & Umayyah bint Qais & the women of Banu Ghifaar
The Yarmuk contingent
Azdah bint al Harith: Heroine of Battle of Maisaan - banners made out of headscarves to reinforce the army!
NUSAIBAH BINT KA’B AL-
ANSARIYAH
Al-’Aqabah
The Battle of Uhud
The Prophet’s (saw)Praise - ‘I did not turn right or left in the Battle of Uhud but that I saw her fighting near me.’
Her Wounds
Later Events: Ridwaan & Yamaamah
WOMEN OF POWER
The number of women who were politically prominent are well over a hundred: Umayyads, Abbasids, Turks, Persians, Mongols, Indians, and others.
• Sultana est control over Egypt, led resistance against 7th Crusade, captures leader St. Louis
Shajar ad-Durr
• ruled Abbasid empire for a time, helped public audiences, governors and judges reported to her
Shaghab
• ruled Delhi took firm control of the gov’t., did justice, led her armies and was famed for fair dealing.
Radiyah Begum
• Sakandar Begum took authority in the principality of Bhopal in Central India- Great pilgrimage 1863 daughter ruled until 1901
Two Rulers in Modern Times:
SOME GENERALIZATIONS ABOUT WOMEN IN THE
PROPHETIC AGE
Critical Consciousn
essCounselors Women and
the HijaabWomen at
Work
Facility of Movement
Women and Dynamic
Participation
Rich, Mature, Helpful,
Honorable Lives
Knowledgeable
ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ON WORKING WOMEN
Most important role is motherhood
ISLAMIC GUIDELINES FOR
WORKMust Obtain Husband’s Consent
Must ensure full care for Home and Children
Appropriate choice for Employment
Must not compromise Islamic Obligations
Must maintain Modesty
1. MUST OBTAIN HUSBAND’S CONSENT
First, she must obtain consent
from her guardian or husband (if married), who
may offer a broader
perspective on how her work may
influence the family and its functioning.
2. MUST ENSURE FULL CARE FOR HOME AND CHILDREN
Secondly, a woman must
ensure that her home and
children are properly cared
for. Her husband may be of
assistance in this area, or
outside help may be employed.
3. APPROPRIATE CHOICE OF EMPLOYMENT
Thirdly, care must be taken to choose
employment that is
appropriate and fits with her skills.
4. MUST NOT COMPROMISE ISLAMIC OBLIGATIONS
Fourthly, any job that
prevents her from fulfilling
any of her Islamic
obligations, is not an option
to be considered.
5. MUST MAINTAIN MODESTY
Fifthly, while at the job, a woman must maintain her inwardly and
outwardly modesty and
chastity.
MUSLIM WOMEN AND KNOWLEDGE
Women An Essential Element From the Beginning to the End
Bearing the Light of ‘A’ishah
Transmitters of Hadith & Scholars of Hadith
Transmitters = Raawiyaat
From the Prophetic Period till the Compilations
THE CRITICAL CONSCIOUSNESS
OF THE COMPANION
WOMEN
What made them amazing?
Education: Obtained Ijazas, attended study circles, taught
others, est. institutions Women are
the full sisters of
men
Full Social and
Political Participatio
n
Work in and outside the Home
Social Contributio
ns
Social and
Societal Maturity
BALANCE TIME BETWEEN WORK AND FAMILY!
CHECK OUT……
Dr. Kanwal Kaisser
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