Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?. Stimson Doctrine-The U.S. refused to diplomatically acknowledge the addition of Manchuria to Japan Secretary.

Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?

Stimson Doctrine-The U.S. refused to diplomatically acknowledge the addition of Manchuria to Japan Secretary of State Henry Stimson

The U.S. threatened no military or economic retaliation.

1931

United States did not want to disrupt trade with Japan.• U.S. supplied Japan with most of its scrap iron and steel.• U.S. sold Japan 80% of its oil.

1937Sino-Japanese War

Japan begins full scale war against China• 35 million Chinese killed or maimed during the War.

• 300,000 Chinese soldiers and civilians were killed• 20,000 women were raped. • 200,000 Chinese were killed in germ warfare

experiments

December 13, 1937 city of Nanking fell to Japanese

Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek

蔣中正蔣介石

Nationalist leader of China

1928-1948

U.S. announced it was pulling out of the 1911 Treaty of Commerce and Navigation with Japan

1939

July 1940 U.S. aviation gas banFall 1940 U.S. Embargoed iron, steel and machine parts

July 1941 U.S. completely embargoed resources to Japan U.S. froze all Japanese assets in American entities

1941

November 26, 1941, U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull handed Japanese ambassadors in Washington D.C. the "Hull Note."The only way for the U.S. to remove the resource embargo was for Japan to:

Remove all troops from China.Remove all troops from Indochina.End the alliance it had signed with Germany and Italy the previous year.

November 171941Secretary of StateCordell HullJapanese AmbassadorAdmiral Kichisaburō Nomura (left)and Special Envoy Saburō Kurusu (right)

Last Diplomatic Meeting

December 7, 1941

Japanese attack the Philippines December 8, 1941

American forces are defeated in the PhilippinesSurrender May 8, 1942

U.S. declares war on Japan December 8, 1941

Germany declares war on the U.S.December 11, 1941

Battle of MidwayJune 4-7, 1942

Philippines 1944-45Iwo Jima, February 1945Okinawa April 1- June 21, 1945

U.S. -75,000 casualties Japan-110,071 killed

August 6 Hiroshima

August 9 Nagasaki and Soviets invade Manchuria

August 15 Japanese surrender

1945

"Should We continue to fight, it would not only result in an ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese nation, but also it would lead to the total extinction of human civilization."

-Emperor Hirohito