Which of the following organisms are autotrophs? algae some bacteria plants some protozoans all of the above.

Which of the following organisms are autotrophs?

algaesome bacteria

plantssome protozoansall of the above

The reactions of glycolysis occur in the

mitochondria

cytoplasmchloroplasts

nucleus

The coenzyme electron carriers produced in the Krebs cycle are

ATP and ADPPyruvate and acetyl CoA

FADH and NADHNAD and NADH

Which of the following is NOT a product of fermentation?

CO2

O2

EthanolLactate

What role does oxygen play in oxidative respiration?

no rolecombines with acetyl CoA

by-product of oxidation of pyruvatefinal electron acceptor in the

electron transport chain

During what stage of cellular respiration is the most ATP

synthesized?

glycolysisoxidation of pyruvate

chemiosmosisKrebs cycle

During the electron transport chain, H+ are pumped

out of the cellout of the mitochondria into the cell

cytoplasmout of the mitochondrial matrix into the outer compartment of the mitochondriaout of the cell cytoplasm into the matrix

of the mitochondria

Chemiosmosis generation of ATP is driven by

* phosphate transfer through the membrane

* sodium/potassium pump* difference in H+ conc on the two sides

of the membrane* osmosis and macromolecules

* none of the above

Energy is derived from all of the following EXCEPT

glycolysisKrebs cycle

Electron transport chainBeta oxidatin

The decarboxylation step of oxidizing pyruvate occurs in the

cytoplasmGolgi bodyribosome

mitochondria

Light consists of units of energy called…

electronsphotonsprotons

neutronspigments

Molecules that absorb light are called

enzymeselectron carriers

pigments photosynthesizers

absorbers

The dark reactions of photosynthesis are those that

convert chlorophylls into enzymesconvert enzymes into chlorophyllsconvert water into hydrogen and

oxygenconvert CO2 into reduced molecules

(sugars)only occur in the presence of nitrogen

In dark reactions, when CO2 is added to a molecule of RuBP

the product is

citric acidglucosePGALPGA

Pyruvate

Internal chloroplast membranes are organized into flattened

sacs called

microbodiesmitochondria

thylakoidsvesicles

Calvin Bodies

Which part of the chloroplasts contains the Calvin cycle

enzymes?

stromathylakoids

granaenvelope

cristae

A method devised by succulent desert plants to reduce the

problem of photorespiration is

C3 pathwayCAM metabolism

Calvin cycleLight reactions

Nitrogen fixation

During what stage of photosynthesis is O2 produced?

*cyclic photophosphorylation*light reactions involving

photosystem I and II*carbon fixation

*Krebs cycle*O2 is not produced during

photosynthesis

Which of the following is mismatched?

*Photosystem I – uses the P700 molecule in its photocenter

*PGA is a 3 carbon compound*CAM plants – open their stomata during the

day and close them at night to avoid photorespiration

*C4 plants – expend ATP to concentrate

CO2 in bundle sheath cells

Which of the following is common to both cellular respiration and the light reactions of photosynthesis?

transfer of electrons to glucosechemiosmotic formation of ATPoxygen is one of the byproducts

mitochondria are essential organelles

must have light

Diploid individuals have a chromosome number of

N

2N3N

½ N

Chromosomes that are paired are called

somatichomozygoushomologoushomoerectus

DNA and protein freely floating about in the nucleoplasm is

termed

chromatidschromosomes

chromatinchromatography

The site of attachment in chromosomes is called the

centrobarometercentrotids

centromatincentromere

The pinching off of the cell membrane immediately

following mitosis is called

cytogeneticscytocalimetrics

cytokinesiscytoplasmic

Tetrads line up on the cell’s equator during what phase of

Meiosis?

Prophase IProphase IIMetaphase IMetaphase II

In which phase does the DNA replicate?

G1S

G2mitosis

cytokinesis

During the cell cycle, the cell spends most of its time in

mitosiscytokinesisinterphasecleavage

Crossing-over results in genetic recombination by

-reducing the original cell’s chromosome number by half

-mixing half the maternal chromosomes with half the paternal chromosomes-permitting the exchange of genetic

material between maternal and paternal chromosomes

During mitotic division chromosomes are pulled apart

by kinetochore fibers during what stage?

ProphaseAnaphaseMetaphaseTelophase

An allele that can be present but unexpressed “masked” is

redundantdominantfunctionalrecessive

The actual letters or alleles of an individual is referred to as its

blueprintgenotype

phenotypeallelotype

If a single gene has 3 or more alternative forms, they are

called

heterozygotesmultiple alleles

epistatichomozygotes

When chromosomes fail to separate during prophase and one cell gets and extra one while the other is deprived of one is called.

epistasisnon-disjunction

disjunctionautosomy

Humans who have lost even one copy of an autosome are

called

tetrasomicsmonosomic

trisomicsupersonic

Which of the following represents a test cross?

WW x WwWW x WWWW x wwWw x Ww

Let P = purple flowers and p = white, and T = Tall and t = short. What would be the phenotype

of a plant with the genotype PpTt?

purple flowers, tallpurple flowers, short

white flowers, tallwhite flowers, short

In a typical Mendel experiment on pea-seed color, if the dominant yellow seed-bearing

plant was crossed with the recessive green seed-bearing plant, the F2 generation will

show what ratio of each kind?

1 yellow: 3 green1 yellow: 1 green3 yellow: 1 green

seeds with patches of yellow and green

none of the above

Let P = purple flowers and p = white, and T = tall and t = short. Of

the 16 possible gamete combinations in the dihybrid cross,

how many in a hetero X hetero cross would be the phenotype

white, tall?139

16

In the F2 generation, the 3:1 phenotypic ratio is really disguised as a _______

genotypic ratio

1:2:12:1:11:1:24:0

In replication of DNA, the helix is opened and untwisted by

ribaseligase

deoxasehelicase

Okazaki fragments are used to elongate

the leading strand towards the replication fork

the lagging strand towards the replication fork

the leading strand away from the replication fork

the lagging strand away from the replication fork

In a molecule of DNA, nucleosomes are connected by

telomereseuchromatinlinker DNA

replication units

The bond connecting one nucleotide with the next one along the chain is called a

C=C bondHydrophobic bond

Phosphodiester bondPeptide bond

_________________ prevent the loss of a part of a DNA molecule by consecutive

discontinuous synthesis.

TelomeresCentromeres

HelicasesLigases

With few exceptions, all nuclei of eukaryotic cells contain

-genes to specify the portion of the organism in which they are found

-all the genetic information needed for growing the whole organism

-all of the chromosomes except sex chromosomes which are in sperm and

egg-single stranded DNA

Which of the following statements are true in the Hershey-Chase experiments?

-DNA was labeled with radioactive phosphorus

-Protein was labeled with radioactive sulfur-The virus infected bacteria showed

radioactive phosphorus-The virus infected bacteria showed

radioactive sulfur-a, b, and c are correct

The fact that some viruses use DNA to direct their heredity was demonstrated

by-inding radioactive sulfur from a bacteriophage in a bacterium

-finding radioactive phosphorus from a bacterium in a bacteriophage

-finding radioactive phosphorus from a bacteriophage in a bacterium

-finding radioactive sulfur from a bacterium in a bacteriophage

The identification of the transforming principle proved that

dead bacteria are as lethal as live onesStreptococcus pneumoniae evolved

from PneumococcusGenetic information is contained in

DNAThere is no protein in chromosomes

Because of its tight packing, ___________________ is not readily accessible to

transcription.