Web 2.0 Robert Cormia Foothill College. Web 2.0 Overview What is Web 2.0? Generations of the Web Web 2.0 tools Web 2.0 properties Future Web generations.
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Web 2.0
Robert Cormia
Foothill College
Web 2.0 Overview
• What is Web 2.0?
• Generations of the Web
• Web 2.0 tools
• Web 2.0 properties
• Future Web generations
• Future technical directions
What is Web 2.0?
• Web 2.0 is ‘made of people’
• It is both human and ‘emergent’
• Augmented social cognition
• A lot like ‘pre-web’ AOL and BBS
• More powerful, and ‘generational’
• Web 2.0 tools and process
Web 2.0 Meme Map
http://oreilly.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html
Eras of the Web
• Content Web (1995-2005)– HTML for browsers
• Process Web (2000-2010)– XML for machines
• Semantic Web (2005-2015)– RDF for humans / machines
• The Metaweb (2010-2025)– Networked machines / applications
http://novaspivack.typepad.com/nova_spivacks_weblog/metaweb_graph.jpg
Made of People
• People are the secret to Web 2.0
• Bottom up ‘swarming’ of content
• Power mass knowledge – consensus?
• Building actives, collective wisdom
• Emergent nodes / human network
Process Tools
• Wikis
• RSS
• Blogging
• Tagging
• Collaboration tools
• P2P networks
• File / application sharing
• Presence / TelePresence
Content Tools
• YouTube
• Flickr
• Napster
• BitTorrent
• Wikipedia
• MediaWiki
Web 1.0 vs. Web 2.0Web 1.0 Web 2.0
DoubleClick --> Google AdSense Ofoto --> Flickr
Akamai --> BitTorrentmp3.com --> Napster
Britannica Online --> Wikipediapersonal websites --> blogging
evite --> upcoming.org and EVDBdomain name speculation --> search engine optimization
page views --> cost per clickscreen scraping --> web services
publishing --> participationcontent management systems --> wikis
directories (taxonomy) --> tagging ("folksonomy")stickiness --> syndication
Wikis
• MediaWiki
• Wikipedia
• Wikibooks
• Wikiversity
• WikiProject
http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki
Blogs
• Personal and group publishing– You publish – readers comment
• Basis of ‘citizen journalism’– Early and ‘informal’ reporting – ‘Bottom up’ vs. ‘top down’
• Easy web publishing / templates– Blogger.com– WordPress.org
RSS
• Really Simple Syndication– Publishing news and content alerts– CNN news alerts
• Snippet publishing– News, alerts, lists– iTunes top 10 list
• Addendum to blogging– Notification of new posts
Collaboration Tools
• Video conferencing
• Application sharing
• TeamViewer and WebEx
• Google Docs
• Electronic communication (IM, email)
• Electronic conferencing (TelePresence)
• Collaborative management tools
Google Docs
• Collaborative authoring / work
• No ‘emailing of attachments’
• A full suite of documents:– Word processing– Spreadsheets– Presentation tools / sketching – Calendaring– http://docs.google.com/
New Tools for Democracy
• Blogs
• YouTube
• Citizen journalism
• Email campaigns
• Fund raising
Citizen journalism, also known as public or participatory journalism, is the act of citizens "playing an active role in the process of collecting, reporting, analyzing and disseminating news and information," according to the seminal report We Media: How Audiences are Shaping the Future of News and Information, by Shayne Bowman and Chris Willis. They say, "The intent of this participation is to provide independent, reliable, accurate, wide-ranging and relevant information that a democracy requires."[1] Citizen journalism should not be confused with civic journalism, which is practiced by professional journalists. Citizen journalism is a specific form of citizen media as well as user generated content.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizen_journalism
Citizen Journalism
The Web as a Platform
• A network to support applications– XML and Web Services
• Connections that add meaning– Semantic Network
• Going beyond HTML and ‘markup’– XHTML and RDF metadata
• A ‘meta web’ of connected machines– Power networks and the ‘IntelliGrid’
Cloud Computing
• Web services
• Grid computing
• Network resources• Grid computing is a technology approach to
managing a cloud. In effect, all clouds are managed by a grid but not all grids manage a cloud. More specifically, a compute grid and a cloud are synonymous, while a data grid and a cloud can be different.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing
Cloud Computing
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing
Properties of Note
• YouTube
• MySpace
• Wikipedia
• Del.ico.us
• StumbleUpon
• Second Life
‘Tagging’
• Digg– Collective site ranking
• Del.icio.us– Adding tags
• Tag clouds– Collection of tags on a site
• StumbleUpon– Site discovery by user type
Tag Clouds
A tag cloud is a set of related tags with corresponding weights. Typical tag clouds have between 30 and 150 tags. The weights are represented using font sizes or other visual clues. Meanwhile, histograms or pie charts are most commonly used to represent approximately a dozen different weights. Hence, tag clouds can represent many more weights, though less accurately so. Also, frequently, tag clouds are interactive: tags are hyperlinks typically allowing the user to drill down on the data.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tag_cloud
‘Folksonomies’
• User built taxonomies
• Organization by:– Emergence– Convergence– Consensus
• Built from tagging, clouds, and tools• Freebase – http://www.freebase.com/
• StumbleUpon - http://www.stumbleupon.com/
FolksonomyCast
http://careo.elearning.ubc.ca/~blamb/FolksonomyCast.mov
Buzzillions
Freebase
• A ‘collective approach’ to an open, shared database of the world's knowledge
• Collective database taxonomy
• API for import / export of ontologies
• An early Semantic Web milestone
• Part of Metaweb Technologies
http://www.freebase.com/
Web 3.0
• Semantic Web applications
• Building machine knowledge
• Machine and user driven
• Collective taxonomies / ontologies
• RDF and XHTML
• Parsing tools
Semantic MediaWiki
• The WikiProject "Semantic MediaWiki" provides a common platform for discussing extensions of the MediaWiki software that allow for simple, machine-based processing of Wiki content. This usually requires some form of "semantic annotation," but the special Wiki environment and the multitude of envisaged applications impose a number of additional requirements.
http://semantic-mediawiki.org/wiki/Semantic_MediaWiki
Future Trends
• ‘Presence’
• Active democracy
• Prediction markets
• Collaborative science
• Virtual Worlds
• Intelligent agents
• The MetaWeb
Shift ID - Presence
• Staying connected
• Messaging
• GPS awareness
• Forwarding
• ‘Elastic Contact’
http://www.presenceco.com/
http://novaspivack.typepad.com/RadarNetworksTowardsAWebOS.jpg
Summary
• Web 2.0 is ‘made of people’
• Publishing tools– RSS– Wikis– Multimedia
• Process tools– Application / file sharing
• ‘Augmented social cognition’
References
• Freebase – http://www.freebase.com/
• TeamViewer – http://ww.wteamviewer.com/
• MediaWiki – http://www.mediawiki.org/
• Powerset – http://www.powerset.com/
• Predictify – http://www.powerset.com/
• PARC – http://www.parc.com/
• W3C – http://www.w3c.org/
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