Verb A verb is a word that shows action, being, or links a subject to a subject complement. Four Principal Parts of the Verb: all verb forms are made.
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Verb
A verb is a word that shows action, being, or links a subject to a subject complement.
Four Principal Parts of the Verb:
all verb forms are made out of four principal
forms which each verb possesses.
Verb
Verb Form do go think dream
infinitive to do to go to think to dream
presentparticiple
doing going thinking dreaming
past did went thought dreamed
pastparticiple
done gone thought dreamed
Verb
Regular VerbsMost verbs make the four principal parts in the
same way. They always begin with the infinitive, add -ing to make the present participle, and add -d or -ed to make the past and past participle.
Example: to work, working, worked, worked to spill, spilling, spilled, spilled
Verb
Irregular Verbs Irregular verbs have principal parts that are unique and that must be memorized in order to
be used correctly.Example: to shrink, shrinking, shrank, shrunk
to ring, ringing, rang, rung
to break, breaking, broke, broken
to write, writing, wrote, written
Verb
Transitive Verb: a transitive verb is an action
verb that acts on a direct object.
Example: Rocks hit Sue.
Intransitive Verb: an intransitive verb is an
action verb that does not act on a direct object.
Example: Rocks flew.
Verb
Active voice verb: an active voice verb is an action verb that shows the subject actually acting.
Effect: Active voice is usually more interesting and vigorous than passive voice.
Example: Johnson discussed the problem.
Verb
Passive voice verb: a passive voice verb is an action verb that shows the subject only being acted upon.
Effect: Passive voice can make sentences seem weak, since the subject of the sentence is only passively involved, and passive voice also tends to leave out important information.
Example: The problem was discussed.
Verb
Verb TenseThe tense of a verb shows its relationship to
time. There are six different verb tenses in English. (three “plain” and three “perfect”).
1. Present 4. Present Perfect2. Past 5. Past Perfect3. Future 6. Future Perfect
In conjugating these six verb tenses, we see that verbs, like pronouns, have person (first,
second, or third) and number (singular or plural).
Verb - Present Tense
Singular Plural
I protest We protest
You protest You protest
He, she, it protests They protest
Verb - Past Tense
Singular Plural
I protested We protested
You protested You protested
He, she, it protested They protested
Verb - Future Tense
Singular Plural
I will protest We will protest
You will protest You will protest
He, she, it will protest They will protest
Verb - Present Perfect Tense
Singular Plural
I have protested We have protested
You have protested You have protested
He, she, it has protested They have protested
Verb - Past Present Tense
Singular Plural
I had protested We had protested
You had protested You had protested
He, she, it had protested They had protested
Verb - Future Perfect Tense
Singular Plural
I will (shall) haveprotested
We will have protested
You will haveprotested
You will haveprotested
He, she, it will haveprotested
They will haveprotested
Verb
Progressive Verb FormsEvery one of the six tenses can also be used in a progressive form, adding an -ing
variation, indicating action still in progress. First person singular examples of the sex tenses’ progressive forms:
Present progressive: I am protesting.Past progressive: I was protesting.Future progressive: I shall be protesting.Present perfect progressive: I have been protesting.Past perfect progressive: I had been protesting.Future perfect progressive: I shall have been protesting.
Verb
Verb MoodThere are three moods: 1. Indicative2. Imperative3. SubjunctiveIndicative and imperative are easy because we use
them all the time in everyday speech. The subjunctive mood is used in IF situations, with the verb were.
Verb
The indicative is the regular mood.
The imperative is the command mood.
The subjunctive is the if mood.
Examples:
Indicative: I am a mongoose.
Imperative: Find the mongoose.
Subjunctive: If I were a mongoose...
Verb
Parallel verb tenses
Parallelism in tense means adhering logically to the tense one is already using, unless there is a
logical reason to change. Example: I went home, picked up an apple, threw
it through the window, and laughed. (all past tense)
Non-parallel: When Dickens went to America, he gives many speeches, and feels that his trip was
successful. After he returned to England, he begins to lose the buoyant spirit he finds in
America, and he will descend into melancholy.
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