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ComponentsUniversity seminars
Student representatives: Opera Campus Crew
Web Standards Curriculum
Summer Internships in Norway, India and Poland: Application will open in late February, selection process from mid-March
http://www.opera.com/company/jobs/internship/
Learn more
Email education@opera.com
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Open standards
Patrick H. Lauke / Opera University Tour / November 2009
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR DESKTOP, MOBILE, AND CROSS-DEVICE WEB DEVELOPMENT
web evangelist at Opera
Opera – one browser on many devices
One Web means making, as far as is reasonable, the same information and services available to users irrespective of the device they are using. However, it does not mean that exactly the same information is available in exactly the same representation across all devices.
W3C Mobile Web Best Practices http://www.w3.org/TR/mobile-bp/#OneWeb
Mobile web and why it matters
what are web standards?
old-school way of making pages:
● creating markup based on how things look● defining colours, widths, etc in your page● using tables for layout
<p><font size=“+3” color=”ff0000”><b>This is a heading</b></font></p><p><font color=“555555”>Blah blah blah</font></p><p><font size=“+2” color=”00ff00”><b>A sub-section</b></font></p><p><font color=“555555”>Blah blah blah</font></p><p><font size=“+2” color=”00ff00”><b>A sub-section</b></font></p><p><font color=“555555”>Blah blah blah</font></p>
HTML should define the meaning of content:
● <h1> … <h6> for headings● <p> paragraphs● <ul> unordered (bulletpoint) lists● <ol> ordered (numbered) lists● …
At this stage we don't care what it looks like…
separation of content, presentation, behaviourusing HTML, CSS, JavaScript
<h1>This is a heading</h1><p>Blah blah blah</p><h2>A sub-section</h2><p>Blah blah blah</p><h2>A sub-section</h2><p>Blah blah blah</p>
developersmaintainability and future proofing
site ownerssmaller pages, better SEO
end-userslight-weight, interoperable, accessible
it's not all about pleasing the validator
One Web that works on all browsers, all devices
new technologies you can start using today
HTML5<!DOCTYPE html>
history of HTML5:
● started at Opera – Web Applications 1.0● Mozilla and Apple joined● W3C HTML5● Microsoft involvement
HTML5 standardises current browser and authoring behaviour
HTML5 does not replace HTML 4.01
HTML5 has more bling!
“...extending the language to better support Web applications, since that is one of the directions the Web is going in and is one of the areas least well served by HTML so far. This puts HTML in direct competition with other technologies intended for applications deployed over the Web, in particular Flash and Silverlight.”
Ian Hickson, Editor of HTML5http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-html/2009Jan/0215.html
HTML5 is umbrella term for various technologies – new markup elements, new
JavaScript APIs
new elements for more accurate semantics
HTML5 elements for a typical blog
HTML5 – unambiguous and machine readable
current and old browsers “support” these new elements
(although some need a little extra help)
Webforms – more powerful form elements
standardise commonly-usedrich form elements – without JavaScript
built-in validation(of course you should still validate on the server)
Demonstration of webforms
<canvas>
canvas = “scriptable images”
canvas has standard API methods for drawing
ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");ctx.fillRect(x, y, width, height);ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x, y);ctx.lineTo(x, y);ctx.bezierCurveTo(x1, y1, x2, y2, c1, c2);…
Demonstration of basic canvas
canvas mixing things up with external graphics
ctx = canvas.drawImage(…)
Demonstration of drawing images on canvas
canvas accessibility concerns
canvas appropriate use for enhanced visuals, special effects – not pure content
Demonstration: http://www.filamentgroup.com/examples/charting_v2/
<video>
<object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie"
value="http://www.youtube.com/v/9sEI1AUFJKw&hl=en&fs=1&"></param>
<param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param>
<param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param>
<embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/9sEI1AUFJKw&hl=en&fs=1&" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"></embed></object>
<video src="video.ogv" controls autoplay poster="poster.jpg" width="320" height="240"> <a href="video.ogv">Download movie</a></video>
video as native object...why is it important?
● “play nice” with rest of the page● keyboard accessibility built-in● API for controls
Demonstration of video in Presto 2.4
video format debates – MP4 vs OGG Theora
<video controls autoplay poster="…" width="…" height="…"><source src="movie.ogv" type="video/ogg" /><source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4" /><!-- fallback content -->
</video>
still include fallback for old browsershttp://camendesign.com/code/video_for_everybody
video on any device without plugins?
and many more...(geolocation, drag and drop, web workers, offline support, storage)
SVG scalable vector graphics
SVG can be written by hand (if you must)
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="no"?><!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN""http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1">
<rect x="" y="" width="" height=""/><circle cx="" cy="" r=""/><ellipse cx="" cy="" rx="" ry=""/><line x1="" y1="" x2="" y2=""/><polyline points="x1,y1,x2,y2,..." /><polygon points="x1,y1,x2,y2,..." /></svg>
http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/
SVG complex images exportable from vector graphics apps (InkScape, Adobe Illustrator, ...)
SVG maintains its own DOM and is scriptable
Demonstration of SVG
SVG in OBJECT, CSS and IMG element*native inclusion in HTML5?
*only in Opera at the moment
SVG or canvas?
CSS3 for better design control
@font-face – good typography on the web
@font-face { font-family: "MyFont"; src: url(myfont.ttf)}…
body {font-family: "MyFont", … sans-serif;
}
Demonstration of webfonts
@font-face solves issue of making images of text, using image replacement, sIFR, …
@font-face still issues with font foundries – check licenses
mediaqueries – adaptable designs
CSS 2.1 Media Types:
<link rel="stylesheet" ... media="print, handheld" href="...">@import url("...") print;@media print { // insert CSS rules here}
CSS 3 Media Queries:
● Build and extend CSS 2.1 Media Types● More granular control of capabilities● width, height, orientation, color, resolution, …
http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-mediaqueries/
CSS 3 Media Queries:
@media screen and (max-device-width: 480px) { // insert CSS rules here
}Demonstration of Media Queries
and many more...
widgets reuse web standards
Widgets – standardised app development filled with web standards goodness
Vodafone
For a large catalogue of apps – the browser run-time is perfect...
Then you’re out of writing for Windows Mobile, Android, S60, each of which require testing...we want to abstract that.
All the cool innovation is happening inside the browser – you don’t need to write to the native operating system anymore.
Source: Mobile Entertainment Market (mocoNews), June, 2009
widgets on desktop, mobile...and on TV
Anatomy of a widget
index.html + config.xml
Configuration file
<widget> <widgetname>MyFirstWidget</widgetname> <description>A demo widget</description> <icon>images/widget.png</icon> <width>320</width> <height>240</height></widget>Demonstration of basic widget
Opera tools to help develop widgets:
Opera Dragonflyhttp://www.opera.com/dragonfly/
Widget emulatorhttp://dev.opera.com/articles/view/widget-emulator/
Opera LABS buildhttp://dev.opera.com/articles/view/opera-desktop-widgets-evolved/
Opera Unite
• Powerful platform that turns your Web browser into a Web server:
– Share content directly without having to upload anything to a Web site.
– Stream music, show photo galleries, share files and folders or even host your Web pages.
• Traditional data sharing
Sharing with Opera Unite is different
• Data sharing with Opera Unite
Opera Unite Applications
Media PlayerAccess your complete home music library from wherever you are.
File InboxAllow files to be uploaded to your computer, by you or your friends, from anywhere.
Photo SharingShare your personal photos with friends around the world without the need to upload them.
Web Server
Host your Web sites running from your own computer.
MessengerCommunicate with your friends in My Opera in a one-to-one, live session.
Fridge
Enjoy fun notes left on your computer by friends.
File SharingShare files directly from your computer easily and safely.
Invite your friends to a chat in The Lounge hosted on your computer.
The Lounge
Based on powerful APIs and open Web standards:
• Easy to create and accessible from every Web browsing platform:– Reuse your HTML, CSS and JavaScript skills
• Applications can be submitted to Opera’s online catalog– http://unite.opera.com/applications/
• Documentation– http://unite.opera.com/develop/
Write your own Opera Unite applications
Are YOU up to the challenge? Opera Software invites you to develop an Opera Unite application:
• Win mobile phones and Opera gear• Make a new Unite application or improve upon an existing application• Submit your application online and email education@opera.com with:
– Name
– University
– Name of your application
Criteria, rules and resources to get started
http://unite.opera.com/develop
Opera Unite challenge!
call to arms action
Opera Web Standards Curriculum
Web Standards Curriculumwww.opera.com/wsc
University Tour blogmy.opera.com/universitytours/blog
Developer resourceswww.opera.com/developer
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