UNCLASSIFIED 1 January 2006 Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC) As of 1 April 2007.
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January 2006
Emergency Management Assistance Compact
(EMAC)
As of 1 April 2007
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What is EMAC?
Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC) is:
• A national Governor’s interstate mutual aid compact
• A compact that facilitates the sharing of resources, personnel and equipment across state lines during times of disaster and emergency
• Formalized into law by member states
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1996: Ratified by the United States Congress and signed into law (PL 104-321)
1999: Since 1999, state members have activated EMAC 53 times for emergency events
EMAC History
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EMAC Mission
• Facilitate the efficient and effective sharing of resources between member states during times of disaster or emergency
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EMAC Purpose
EMAC does:
• Maximize use of all available resources
• Coordinate deployment of EMAC resources with National Response Plan resources
• Expedite and streamline delivery of assistance between member states
• Protect state sovereignty• Provide management and
oversight
EMAC does NOT:
• Replace Federal support• Alter a state’s operational
direction and control• Move resources from
county to county, city to city, or locality to locality
• Endorse self-deployments
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EMAC Members
• As of 2006, all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the US Virgin Islands have enacted EMAC legislation.
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EMAC Endorsements
• The Southern, Midwestern, Western, New England and National Governors’ Associations (NGA)
• Adjutants General Association of the United States (AGAUS)
• Midwestern Legislative Conference (MLC)
• National Guard Bureau (NGB)
• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
• Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
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How Does EMAC Work?
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EMAC Activation (simplified)
1. Governor issues state of emergency2. Authorized representative from the affected state alerts EMAC National
Coordinating Group3. Affected state requests A-Team deployment or uses in-house EMAC A-Team
trained personnel
8. Responding state requests reimbursement9. Responding state reimbursed
4. A-Team works with State to determine assistance via EMAC Operations System
5. A-Team helps state determine costs and availability of resources
6. States complete requisitions and negotiation of costs (RUF defined)
7. Resources are sentto affected state
• Feedback• Adjustments
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EMAC Applications
• Hazard mitigation • Community outreach• Search and rescue• Debris clearance• Information & planning• Public Health• Hazardous materials• Human services/mass care• Animal control• Information/planning• Terrorist events
• State/Local EOC Support • Damage assessment• Disaster recovery• Logistics• Donations management• Security• Communications• Fire fighting• Aviation support• Biological/chemical events• Medical personnel/resources
Any capability of member states can be shared among member states
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EMAC Response To Hurricanes
Katrina and Rita
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Total EMAC Response
Current 1/17/2006
Total estimated EMAC response to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Texas, NCT, and RCT):
65,714 Personnel Deployed*
19,353 Civilian
46,361 National Guard
$8,277 M Estimated Cost*
* See Notes Page
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Hurricane Katrina
Image courtesy of NOAA
Louisiana (LA) Mississippi (MS)8/28/05 – EMAC A-Team deployed8/29/05 – Katrina made landfall
• 986 Requests for Assistance• 37,8365 Personnel deployed*
– 7,726 Civilian– 29,639 National Guard
• $4,246M Estimated cost*
8/27/05 – EMAC A-Team deployed8/29/05 – Katrina made landfall
• 889 Requests for Assistance• 23,887 Personnel deployed*
– 10,383 Civilian– 13,504 National Guard
• $3,455M Estimated cost*
Current as of: 1/17/2006
Total Estimated EMAC Response to Katrina (LA & MS):•1,875 Requests for Assistance
•61,252 Personnel Deployed– 18,109 Civilian– 43,143 National Guard
•$7,701M Estimated Cost
* See Notes Page
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Hurricane Rita
Image courtesy of NOAA
Louisiana (LA) Texas (TX)9/24/05 – Rita made landfall
• 159 Requests for Assistance• 4,127 Personnel deployed*
– 1,021 Civilian– 3,106 National Guard
• $553M Estimated cost*
9/24/05 – Rita made landfall
• 80 Requests for Assistance• 234 Personnel deployed*
– 158 Civilian– 76 National Guard
• $20M Estimated cost*
Total Estimated EMAC Response to Rita (LA & TX):
•239 Requests for Assistance
•4,361 Personnel Deployed– 1,179 Civilian– 3,182 National Guard
•$573M Estimated Cost
Current as of: 1/17/2006* See Notes Page
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Why is EMAC Successful?
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Reasons for EMAC Effectiveness
• Administrative oversight and support staff follow formal business protocols
• Upfront problem solving
• Provisions in Compact clarify reimbursement, licensure, and liability
• Continuity of operations are assured due to standard operating procedures
• 5 year Strategic Plan allows for continual improvement
• Customized technology development
• Active membership
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EMAC Governance Structure
National Emergency Management Association (NEMA)
EMAC Committee
EMAC AdministrationExecutive Task Force (ETF)EMAC Operations
EMAC Chair
• Immediate past chair• Chair Elect• Lead State Representatives• 3 At-Large Members• Legal Liaison• EMAC Coordinator (non-voting)• Senior Advisor (non-voting)
• EMAC Coordinator• Senior EMAC Advisor• Legal Liaison
Multi-DisciplineAdvisory Group
National Coordinating Group
A-Teams
Regional Coordinating Teams
National Coordinating Team
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EMAC Key Provisions
• “…the state rendering aid may withhold resources to the extent necessary to provide reasonable protection for such state”
• “…licenses, certificates, or other permits…shall be deemed licensed, certified, or permitted by the state requesting assistance”
• “Employees…rendering aid…shall be considered agents of the requesting state for tort liability and immunity purposes”
• “…any party state rendering aid…shall be reimbursed by the party state receiving aid for any loss or damage to or expense incurred…” (requesting state)
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Member State Responsibilities
• Educate emergency staff and state agencies on the EMAC process
• Train A-Team members on EMAC operations
• Develop and maintain procedures for A-Team activation
• Develop and maintain procedures for requesting and providing assistance
• Evaluate procedures through exercises
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Operational Response
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EMAC Span of Control
Disaster Operation ComponentsOperation Levels Functions
National Coordinating Group (NCG)State of the Chair of EMAC for that year
National Coordinating Team (NCT)Co-located with FEMA EST at the NEOC
DHS/FEMA HQ, Washington, DC
Regional Coordinating Team (RCT)Co-Located with Federal ESF’s at the
DHS/FEMA Regional OPS Center
EMAC A-TeamCo-located with State/Federal PersonnelIn the appropriate requesting state EOC
Action Function
Control Function
Coordination Function
Level 3
Level 2
Level 1
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Example: Single State / Single Region Event
EMAC Level 3 Operation
National Coordinating Group(NCG)
EMAC Member StateRequesting Assistance
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Example: Single State / Multi-State / Single Region Event
EMAC Level 2 Operation
National Coordinating Group(NCG)
EMAC A-TeamRequesting State EOC
Regional Coordinating Team(RCT)
EMAC A-Team Requesting State EOC
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EMAC Level 1 Operation
National Coordinating Group(NCG)
Regional Coordinating Team(RCT)RRCC
National Coordinating Team (NCT)NRCC
EMAC A-Team Requesting State EOC
Regional Coordinating Team(RCT)RRCC
EMAC A-Team Requesting State EOC
EMAC A-Team Requesting State EOC
EMAC A-Team Requesting State EOC
Example: Multi-State / Multi-Region Event
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Example of Level 1 Operation
National Coordinating Team
Washington, DC, NRCC
Region VI RCC
EMAC RCT
Region IV RCC
TX EOC
EMAC A-TEAM
LA EOC
EMAC A-TEAM
MS EOC
EMAC A-TEAM
AL EOC
EMAC A-TEAM
National Coordination Group (NCG)
FL EOC
EMAC A-TEAM
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Disaster Operation Components
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EMAC Operational Units
• National Coordination Group
• A-Team
• Regional Coordinating Teams
• National Coordinating Team
• Full time administrative support – NEMA
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National Coordination Group
• Collateral responsibility of the Chair of the Operations Sub-Committee
• Activates EMAC operational process on short notice
• Provides oversight of EMAC operations
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A-Team
• Deploys at request of impacted state
• Operates from impacted State’s EOC or command and control center
• Serves as liaison between responding states, other EMAC assisting states and the impacted state
• Coordinates assistance requests between impacted state and other member states
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A-Team Mission
A-Teams can:• Facilitate EMAC
requests between the impacted state and responding states
• Review the impacted state resource request
• Complete the EMAC interstate mutual aid request (REQ-A)
A-Teams cannot:• Have allocation
authority
• Prioritize resource utilization
• Obligate state funds
• Create a pool of resources to be distributed to states on a basis of need
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Regional Coordinating Team
• Deploys at the Discretion of EMAC Chair, FEMA Request, and NEMA
• Operates from FEMA Regional Coordination Center
• Interfaces with National Coordinating Team and A-Teams in impacted States in the Region
• Compiles Information & Prepares Sit Reps on EMAC Activities in Region
• Reimbursement by FEMA
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National Coordinating Team
• Deploys at the discretion of the EMAC Chair, FEMA request, and NEMA
• Integrated with Emergency Support Functions in FEMA National Response Coordination Center
• Interfaces with Regional Coordinating Teams, A-Teams, National Coordination Group, and NEMA
• Prepares national sit rep of all EMAC activities
• Typically includes a National Guard liaison
• Reimbursed by FEMA
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Disciplines Working With EMAC
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Intrastate Mutual Aid Legislation
Agencies within the states should develop intrastate mutual aid agreements with their state before the event occurs. This will allow resources to be shared quickly and efficiently.
For more information, visit www.emacweb.org
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Health Community Issues
Licensing & Liability• Compact Addresses Issues
Resource Typing/Standards• Standard Description of Assets/Qualifications
Common Operating Procedures• National Health Response SOP
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EMAC Vision
EMAC…the cornerstone of national mutual aid
“The use of EMAC will become institutionalized and automatic within the emergency management community and the various
emergency support functions.”
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EMAC Success Stories
Since 1999, EMAC has been activated 53 times for events such as:
• 2005 Hurricanes Katrina and Rita• 2004 Hurricanes Charley, Frances, Ivan, and Jeanne• 2003 Hurricane Isabel• 2001 Terrorist Attacks
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End
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