Transcript
Luqman Yousuf Sp14-BSM-027
Sohail Abbas Sp14-BSM-031
Talha Ahmed Qureshi Sp14-BSM-025
Haroon Akram Sp14-BSM-001
Umayyad in Cordoba
Biggest country of Europe Al Andalus and Hispania Ruled out Spain for about 8 centuries Civilized and Charming Land
Umayyad in Cordoba
o Ruled by a cruel ruler Christian ruler “Roderick”o Musa Ibn Nusayr conquer Spain o General Tariq sailed for Spain with an army of 12,000 men.o Tariq defeated the army of Roderick o The Muslim rule started in 714 AD.
The long Muslim rule in Spain could be conveniently divided into three phases
The period of confusion and chaos: 714-756 AD (93-138 AH)
The golden era of power and progress: 756-1036 AD (138-428 AH)
The awful age of anarchy and annihilation: 1036-1492 AD (428-897 AH)
The period of confusion and chaos:
• The period of confusion and chaos started in 714 AD.• Which ended in 756 AD (138 AH).• Abd al-Aziz was appointed the first Amir of Spain.• But the chaos started just after the conquest.
Reasons of Chaos
Abd al-Aziz had married the widow of emperor Frederick. Inter-Muslim differences between Arabs and Berbers Clashes among Syrian and Madinite tribes Conflicts were started by the Christians of the Andulus.
Abdul al-Rahman al-Dakhil
Founder of Umayyad's dynasty Born near Damascus in SyriaSon of the Umayyad prince Mu'awiya ibn
Hisham Abdul Rahman survivedFled to Al-Andulus and join Berbers
revolt Became Emir of Al-Andulus
Abdul al-Rahman al-Dakhil
Abd al-Rahman managed to sneak into Spain. Al-Dakhil establishement Defeated the tottering Syrian government in Spain Captured the whole of Spain.
Rulers Of Umayyad DynastyAbd-al-Rehman I
Hisham I
Al Hakam I
Abd-Al-Rehman II
Muhammad I
Abd Allah Al-Mundhir
Muhammad I
Abd Allah Al-Mundhir
Muhammad
Abd-al-Rehman III
The Golden Era of Power and Progress (756-1036 AD)
Starts 756 AD (138 AH) under Abdul Rahman Solid foundations of a sovereign and progressive Umayyad government High caliber in administering System of law and justice
The Golden Era of Power and Progress
Knowledge and learning. Invited and celebrated scholars Spain became world centre of arts and sciences. Constructed magnificent mosques and beautiful buildings.i. Palace of Cordovaii. The great of Cordovaiii. Bridge of Guadalquiviriv. Charming garden outside the Cordoba city
Place Of Cordova
Hisham I
o 788-786o Andaluso Portion of franceo Battle of Lotuso Knowledge centero Scholarso Maliki School
Al Hakam
o 996-822o Lack of Leadershipo Leisure time activitieso Revolts and Tyrannyo Political disaster
Abd-al-Rehman II
o 822-855o Continued Northo Scholarso Developmento Eradicated Povertyo Build Navy
Al Hakam II
o Library Toledo• 600,000 + Bookso Public Education System• Free Schools• University Of Cordova• Scholars
Library Of Cordova
University Of Cordova
Abd al-Rehman III
o Last Ruler of Umayyad dynastyo Called him Caliph instead of Emiro United all Andaluso Super power nation o Scholars migrationo Obedient servant of the Calipho Naval Forceo Jiziya for Protectiono Declared himself Caliph
Economic System:
Social System
Paper System
Pump or Engine System
Mosque
Architecture
The awful age of anarchy and annihilation: 1036-1492 AD (428-897 AH)
Collapse of the amr Dynasty Starting in 1036 AD to 1492 AD The eventual exit of the Muslims from the Spanish scene Muslims got divided into about two dozen petty states Spanish Muslims were at daggers drawn with each other
Reasons of Collapse
Divisions of Muslims Muslims disunity short-sighted rulers luxury-loving rulers Muslim states used to clash with each other quite frequently Christian powers were busy uniting themselves against the
disarrayed Muslims.
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