Transcript
DN99578061Issue 2-0 en
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Nokia UltraSite Antenna SystemProduct Overview
Nokia UltraSite Antenna System
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The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only theproduct defined in the introduction of this documentation. This document is intended for theuse of Nokia Networks' customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which thedocument is submitted, and no part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form ormeans without the prior written permission of Nokia Networks. The document has beenprepared to be used by professional and properly trained personnel, and the customerassumes full responsibility when using it. Nokia Networks welcomes customer comments aspart of the process of continuous development and improvement of the documentation.
The information or statements given in this document concerning the suitability, capacity, orperformance of the mentioned hardware or software products cannot be considered bindingbut shall be defined in the agreement made between Nokia Networks and the customer.However, Nokia Networks has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructionscontained in the document are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. NokiaNetworks will, if necessary, explain issues which may not be covered by the document.
Nokia Networks' liability for any errors in the document is limited to the documentarycorrection of errors. Nokia Networks WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE IN ANY EVENT FORERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENT OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCIDENTAL ORCONSEQUENTIAL (INCLUDING MONETARY LOSSES), that might arise from the use of thisdocument or the information in it.
This document and the product it describes are considered protected by copyright accordingto the applicable laws.
NOKIA logo is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation.
Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respectivecompanies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only.
Copyright © Nokia Networks Oy 2000. All rights reserved.
Contents
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Contents
1 About this document 6
2 Introduction to Nokia UltraSite Antenna System 72.1 Antenna line without a Masthead Amplifier 72.2 Antenna line with a Masthead Amplifier 9
3 Features 113.1 Concurrent roll-out 113.2 Modular design 123.3 New choices for site locations 123.4 Integration to Nokia UltraSite 123.5 Co-siting 133.6 Customer Benefits 143.6.1 Cross Polarised Antennas 143.6.2 Dual band Antennas 153.6.3 UltraSite Masthead Amplifier 15
4 Examples of applications and configurations 174.1 Typical urban GSM site 174.2 Typical urban GSM dualband site 184.3 Typical urban GSM co-site 184.4 Typical Suburban GSM Site 194.5 Typical Rural GSM Site 204.6 Typical GSM Road Site 204.7 Urban WCDMA Site 214.8 Urban WCDMA Site with Smart Radio Concept 224.9 WCDMA / GSM Co Site 23
5 Management 25
6 Main Components of Nokia UltraSite AntennaSystem 26
6.1 Antennas 266.2 Masthead Amplifiers 266.3 Feeders 276.4 Antenna line components 276.5 Options 28
7 Technical Specifications 297.1 Antennas 297.1.1 Antennas for GSM 900, 1800 and 1900 networks 297.1.2 Antennas for WCDMA networks 307.2 Masthead Amplifiers 317.2.1 MHAs for GSM networks 317.2.2 MHA for WCDMA Networks 32
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7.3 Feeders 337.4 Antenna line components 337.5 Options 34
Summary of changes
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Summary of changes
Version: Date: Author: Notes:
1.0 05 Oct 99 N. T. Thomas Issue 1.
2.0 16 Jan 00 N. T. Thomas Issue 1. Incorporation of minor changes.
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1 About this document
This document is an overview of Nokia UltraSite Antenna System and containsthe following information:
• an introduction to Nokia UltraSite Antenna System in Chapter 2.
• the features of Nokia UltraSite Antenna System in Chapter 3.
• examples of applications and configurations in Chapter 4.
• the product structure of Nokia UltraSite Antenna System in Chapter 5.
• technical specifications in Chapter 6.
For more detailed information on the Nokia UltraSite Macrocellular Solutionand related products, see the Nokia UltraSite Solution Description and theProduct Overviews for the Nokia UltraSite BTS, Nokia FlexiHopperMicrowave Radio and Nokia UltraSite Support.
Introduction to Nokia UltraSite Antenna System
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2 Introduction to Nokia UltraSite AntennaSystem
Growth of mobile penetration and industrial change towards data andmultimedia increases the challenges of macro cellular solutions. There is acontinuous need for high density traffic and transmission capabilities in additionto support for the ongoing data evolution. A concurrent need for capacity andquality improvements raise ever increasing demands for network operations.Cellular operators are responding to these demands by providing high capacitysites. The Nokia UltraSite Antenna System is designed for serving thesedemands.
The Nokia antenna line and the Nokia UltraSite Masthead Amplifier (MHA) arespecially designed and tested, and are ideal for use with Nokia UltraSite BaseTranceiver Stations (BTS). The MHAs are a part of the Nokia antenna line andtogether with the BTS, form an integral part of a Nokia built GSM andWCDMA networks.
Nokia UltraSite Antenna System is a ‘state of the art’ solution for NokiaUltraSite applications from low capacity road sites to high capacity urban sites.It represents the latest technology where special requirements of high qualitymacro cellular sites are fulfilled. Due to modularity, the Nokia UltraSiteAntenna System is an extremely flexible design.
2.1 Antenna line without a Masthead Amplifier
The purpose of the antenna line is to distribute the RF signal from the BTS tothe surrounding atmosphere with a minimum of losses. Each component in theantenna line system is thoroughly tested, first individually, then as part of thesystem. High contact pressure in the components eliminates unnecessary inter-modulation of the products and ensures mechanical stability. All metalliccomponents, connectors and installation hardware are made of corrosionresistant materials. The insulating materials are UV resistant and can withstandall types of air pollution.
Figure 1 shows an antenna line without an MHA. The significance of thenumbers is as follows:
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Item Description
1 The antennas can be either vertically polarised or cross-polarized anddirectional or omni-directional antenna.
2 The jumper cable is a flexible low loss cable (1/2") which is used atthe ends of the feeder. It protects the connectors from the forcescaused by the feeder cable. Jumpers are IP68 classified.
3 The inner conductors of the 7/16 connector are made of silver platedbrass or a special grade of copper. All connectors are IP68-classified.
4 The grounding kit ensures that the Antenna line is DC grounded as aprotection against lightning.
5 The RF-feeder is corrugated coaxial cable. It can be of different sizes,i.e. 1/2”, 7/8” and 1 5/8”, depending on the length of the mast andthe desired attenuation.
6 Cable clamps are made of stainless steel and plastic and they are easyand quick to install. Design of the clamps prevents over tightening ofa feeder cable.
7 A compact EMP protector protects the BTS against lightning andover voltage that may occur down the antenna line.
8 The wall feed through kit facilitates the connection of the feeders tothe inside of a building without the ingress of water.
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Figure 1. Antenna line without an MHA
2.2 Antenna line with a Masthead Amplifier
Figure 2 shows an antenna line with an MHA system. The numbers 9, 10 and 11in the figure are identified as follows:
IndoorOutdoor
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2384
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Item Description
9 The Nokia MHA is used to compensate cable losses between the BTSand the antenna and, thus, prevent the imbalance between thedownlink and the uplink.
10 An extra jumper cable needs to be added. The jumper cable is a ½”jumper with 7/16 male/male connectors.
11 The Bias-Tee, with or without VSWR monitoring, supplies the MHAwith a DC voltage from the BTS.
Figure 2. Antenna line with an MHA
IndoorOutdoor
1
10
3
4
5
6
11
2384
9
2
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3 Features
The Nokia UltraSite Antenna System has many features which contribute to itsflexibility and usage. The following sections describe the many qualitiespertinent to the Nokia UltraSite Antenna System.
All the features described provide a customer with a cost effective network,optimum cellular coverage and aesthetic qualities.
3.1 Concurrent roll-out
One complete solution is the safest and most economical. When building acomplete site which is designed as a system, the result is less complicated andmore efficient to implement and to operate. There is less co-ordinationproblems, fewer misunderstandings, less elements and a common interface forroll-out. The one solution method reduces the time span of roll-out, i.e.operation of the site can be implemented sooner.
Nokia UltraSite Antenna System and other elements of a BTS site havecommon logistics and can, therefore, be implemented together. Identical designof cabinets eases implementation and accelerates roll-out, hence revenuegeneration begins sooner. Common logistics also have a heavy impact oninventory and, therefore, releases capital for service creation.
Time to market is critical, particularity in dense urban areas where roll-out ismore challenging due to itemised regulations. Fast roll-out creates lessinterference to the surrounding community and, therefore, eases necessarypermits.
The Antenna line products are linked to Planning Services. The PlanningService provides advice about antenna selections and planning of the radionetwork. In addition, Implementation Services gives advice about theinstallation and the equipment required.
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3.2 Modular design
Modularity means flexibility when fitting antenna systems to different sites.Modular product structure consists of standard building blocks and kits forstandard solutions. Also, site installation is made easy and expedient because ofmodular design.
The use of standard building blocks and kits facilitates expansion and upgradingof existing BTS sites. Also the design of the Nokia UltraSite Antenna Systemtook account of the easy expandability and upgrading for future requirementswhich modularity allows.
3.3 New choices for site locations
The antennas are designed to make site acquisition easier and faster.
Use of cross-polarized and dual band antennas has an impact on operationalexpenditure by minimising site rental costs and the number of antenna feeders.
A coordinated design with the Nokia UltraSite Antenna System gives anaesthetic appearance and eases acceptance by site owners by reducing visualpollution.
3.4 Integration to Nokia UltraSite
The Nokia UltraSite Antenna System is designed for supporting NokiaUltraSite.
Integrated dual band duplex units in the GSM BTS and dual band antennas are acompact solution, minimizing the number of antenna feeders required.
Nokia UltraSite MHAs are an integral element of a site and use BiasTees(one/MHA) installed in the BTS for their power supply and VSWR monitoring(of the antenna line). Operation of the MHAs can be monitored through theNetwork Management System (NMS).
Tested compatibility of each building block to the whole system ensures a riskfree alternative for an operator.
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3.5 Co-siting
Existing antennas and antenna lines can be utilised when Nokia UltraSite isbuilt in an existing site. This minimize investment costs and makes theinstallation much easier and faster.
The antenna system can be shared either fully or partially based on the intendedconfiguration and existing antenna scheme. Sharing the existing antennas andfeeders depends on how they are utilised by the existing BTS. Utilizing existingfacilities makes the network expansion feasible and cost effective.
If antenna line losses are the main concern, the best solution is to install newantennas and antenna lines. In this case there are not any added losses(combiners; diplexers) to the antenna line.
3.5.1 Co-siting between GSM BTSs
If Nokia UltraSite GSM BTS is built in an existing Talk-family BTS site, thereare various possibilities to utilise common antenna lines.
3.5.1.1 No-diversity solution
Sharing the existing antennas and feeders depends on the way the Talk-familyBTS uses them. If they are all used for transmitting by the Talk-family BTSand if no new antennas can be introduced, then the only way to share theantennas and feeders is to do external hybrid combining before sending thesignals to the feeders. The disadvantage of this is the reduced output powercaused by the extra combining.
3.5.1.2 Diversity solution
In cases where the Talk-family BTS uses only some of the antennas fortransmitting, the diversity branch can be used for transmitting by NokiaUltraSite GSM BTS and the receiver diversity information can be exchangedbetween the BTSs using a separate cable set.
The diversity branch cabling as well as the different gains of the diversity pathscoming from the other cabinet degrade the diversity receiver sensitivity.
3.5.1.3 MHA solution
Use of MHAs is possible only if Talk and UltraSite GSM BTSs have their ownantenna lines and antennas. Talk family MHAs can also be connected to theUltraSite BTS but because current consumption of the MHAs is different, theUltraSite BTS has to be configured so that it can monitor Talk MHA currents.This is done when commissioning the BTS. Also, the gain of an UltraSite BTSduplexer unit has to be adjusted so that it is suitable for the Talk family MHA.Because UltraSite MHAs have more gain than Talk family MHAs, they cannotbe connected to the Talk BTS.
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3.5.1.4 Dual band solution
If Nokia UltraSite GSM BTS is used to provide dual band capability to anexisting single band Talk family site, the difference compared to a pure singleband case is that only the antennas need to be changed to dual band antennaswhich have integrated diplexers. Using one dual band cross-polarized antennaper sector saves antenna installation space. Existing 900MHz antennas can beutilized if new 1800MHz antennas can be installed.
If a dual band sector is built within the UltraSite BTS, employment ofintegrated dual band duplex units in Nokia UltraSite BTS allow sharing of thefeeders. If existing 900MHz Talk BTS is expanded with 1800MHz UltraSiteBTS, external diplexers have to be used in the BTS end of the antenna line inorder to minimize the number of antenna feeders.
3.5.2 Co-siting with WCDMA
Dual band antennas for WCDMA GSM 900 and for WCDMA GSM 1800makes antenna sharing possible. There are also dual band antennas withdifferent angles for both bands. By using this type of antenna it is possible tointegrate a 3-sector GSM site and a 6-sector WCDMA site in an optimal way.
Antenna line sharing has been implemented by Nokia triplexers which haveseparate branches for GSM 900, GSM 1800 and WCDMA. In the case of twonetworks only, the empty branch can be left unused.
The WCDMA branch of the triplexer has a built-in DC-pass function thatmakes it possible to use MHAs. This applies only for a WCDMA branch. Ifadditional MHAs are required, they have to be equipped with direct DC feed.
3.6 Customer Benefits
Increased macro cellular capacity and quality are achieved using the NokiaUltraSite Antenna System. The diversity of antenna construction and theaddition of an MHA system to the antenna line facilitates this feature.
Uplink imbalances and losses between the BTS and antenna are considerablyreduced by the MHA system.
3.6.1 Cross Polarised Antennas
The cross-polarized antennas are required when polarisation diversity is usedinstead of spatial diversity. The advantage of polarization diversity is that siteacquisition is easier and installation is faster. The antennas of one site can beinstalled around one small tube instead of a support structure needed to create
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the necessary spatial separation for diversity. Only one physical antenna isrequired per cell although it has two separate arrays that have their ownconnectors. The environmental impact is improved by using cross-polarizationantennas.
The efficiency of polarisation diversity is nearly the same as that of spatialdiversity in an urban environment. In a rural environment it may be slightly lesscompatible. Anyhow, benefits justify the slightly weaker performance.
The Nokia UltraSite Antenna System is provided with a diverse range ofantennas which provides the customer with a number of advantages. Theantennas are listed in section 7.1.
3.6.2 Dual band Antennas
Dual band cross-polarised antennas are used in dual band BTSs instead ofseparate antennas. Only one physical antenna is required per cell although it hastwo separate cross-polarised arrays for both bands having their own connectors.This gives logistical and reliability advantages.
The advantages of dual band antennas are a better visual impact reducing visualpollution, minimised site rental costs, easy site installation and easier and fastersite acquisition.
GSM dual band antennas are also available with integrated diplexers. Use ofdiplexers reduces the number of feeder cables because both bands can use thesame feeder.
The use of dual band antennas at the onset of constructing a single band siteensures easy upgrading at a later date.
3.6.3 UltraSite Masthead Amplifier
The Nokia MHA system solution is highly recommended to be used with aNokia UltraSite BTS.
The benefits of using the Nokia MHA is that the cell sizes can be extended. Thismeans that fewer BTSs are needed in the network to acquire the same coverage,thereby providing cost savings for the operator in coverage limited areas. It alsoprovides larger receiver coverage area to mobile phone users.
Uplink imbalance is caused by improvements in handset technology where thereceiving performance is not matched to the transmitting performance andexcessive feeder losses between the BTS and the antenna. To prevent thisuplink imbalance, the Nokia MHA is used for increasing the BTS receiving cellsize in the uplink direction.
The MHA compensates for antenna line losses between the Rx antenna and thefront end of the BTS receiver. It also improves the noise figure of the system byapproximately the difference of the system noise figures obtained with and
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without an MHA. A lower Noise Figure is achieved which ensures bettersensitivity, thus increasing network quality.
An MHA can be used on both the main (transmitting/receiving) antenna and thediversity (receiving) antenna.
EMP protection of the antenna line is provided by the Bias Tee; no additionalEMP protection devices are needed.
Examples of applications and configurations
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4 Examples of applications andconfigurations
The Nokia UltraSite Antenna System provides an affordable antenna system forall Nokia UltraSite applications.
4.1 Typical urban GSM site
Capacity solution for outdoor ‘rooftop’ urban sites. Three-sector BTS which includes4+4+4 transceivers with wide band combining (4:1) offers a flexible evolution pathfrom small configurations to large capacities. Use of 2-way diversity means twofeeders and one X-polarization antenna per sector.
TX/RX ant.
RX div ant.
Antenna
BTSEMP
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4.2 Typical urban GSM dual band site
Capacity solution for indoor urban sites. High traffic capacity for voice and datais configured with two bands, three-sector BTS which includes 8+8+8 / 4+4+4transceivers with wide band combining (4:1, 2:1). Integrated diplexers in theBTS allow use of common antenna feeder cables for both bands. Two dual bandXX-polarization antennas with integrated diplexers per sector are needed.
4.3 Typical urban GSM co-site
Capacity upgrade solution for existing Talk family sites. Three-sector BTSwhich includes existing 2+2+2 transceivers (2:1 combining) is upgraded withnew 2+2+2 transceivers with wide band combining (2:1).
BTS
diplexer
TX/RX ant. for 900/1800
RX div ant. for 900/18000
DualbandAntenna
TX/RX ant. for 900/1800
RX div ant. for 900/18000
DualbandAntenna
Examples of applications and configurations
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4.4 Typical Suburban GSM Site
Outdoor ‘greenfield’ solution for suburban sites provides large coverage areaand high capacity. This is provided by a three-sector BTS which includes 6+6+6transceivers with RTC combining (6:1) and 2-way diversity. Only one cross-polarization antenna and two Masthead Amplifiers (MHAs) for each sector arerequired.
Talk BTS
Antenna
UltraSite BTS
AFE TRX1 TRX2
DUxx
WCxTRX1
TRX2M2xA
1. sector1. sector
2+2+2 900 AFE Talk extended with2+2+2 900 WBC UltraSite, 2-way diversity
TX/RX ant.RX div ant.
Antenna
BTSBiasT
MHA MHA
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4.5 Typical Rural GSM Site
Coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ rural sites. A three-sector BTS whichincludes 2+2+2 transceivers with by-pass combining and 2-way diversity isutilised. High output power (28W) ensures a large coverage area, therebyreducing the number of sites required. The number of antennas is minimisedusing cross-polarization antennas. This solution gives low visual impact. TwoMasthead Amplifiers (MHAs) for each sector are used to compensate losses oflong feeder cables which are typical for rural sites.
4.6 Typical GSM Road Site
Coverage solution for outdoor ‘greenfield’ road sites. A two-sector BTS whichincludes 1+1 transceivers with boosters is utilised. High output power (60W) andgreatly increased sensitivity with Mastehead Amplifiers (MHAs) means a largecoverage area and less sites in a network. An MHA extends the uplink coveragein a large cell. If 4-way diversity (combination of space and polarisationdiversity) is used, four feeders, two cross-polarization antennas and MHAs forboth sectors are needed.
TX/RX ant.RX div ant.
Antenna
BTSBiasT
MHA MHA
Examples of applications and configurations
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4.7 Urban WCDMA Site
The amount of bandwidth available for the operator has a direct impact on the siteconfigurations to be used. The typical urban site has three sectors with 1 to 4 carriersor six sectors with 1 to 2 carriers. Because of the improved system noise figure anduplink sensitivity, the use of MHAs is always recommended.
MHA MHA
TX/RX ant.RX div ant.
Antenna
MHA MHA
BTSBiasT
RX div ant.RX div ant.
Antenna
3 sect: WCDMA X-pol 65 deg antenna
Antenna
BTSBiasT with MHA control and
VSWR sensing
MHA MHAWCDMA MHA with 12 dB step
adjustable gain
3 sector site:
Antennas 3 pcs
MHAs 6 pcs
Feeder l ines 6 pcs
6 sector site:
Antennas 6 pcs
MHAs 12 pcs
Feeder l ines 12 pcs
6 sect: WCDMA X-pol 45 deg antenna
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4.8 Urban WCDMA Site with Smart Radio Concept
The performance of a three-sector WCDMA site can be enhanced by the use ofSmart Radio Concept (SRC). SRC means coverage improvement by the use of4-way diversity and capacity increase by the use of downlink diversity. The useof SRC requires 4 separate feeder lines for each sector. The antennas can haveeither vertical or cross-polarisation.
WCDMA X-pol 65 deg antenna
WCDMA BTS
BiasTs with MHA control and
VSWR sensing
MHA MHA
3 sector site with SRC:
Antennas 6 pcs (X- pol)
MHAs 12 pcs
Feeder l ines 12 pcs
20 - 150 cm
Antenna lines in one sector:
Antenna line 1: Tx1, Tx2 div, Rx1, Rx2 div 2
Antenna line 2: Rx1 div 1, Rx2 div 3
Antenna line 3: Tx2, Tx1 div, Rx2, Rx1 div 2,
Antenna line 4: Rx 2 div 1, Rx1 div 3
Examples of applications and configurations
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4.9 WCDMA/GSM Co-Site
In this configuration example, three (GSM 900, GSM 1800 and WCDMA)networks utilise the same antennas and antenna lines. Antenna sharing has beenimplemented by using GSM 900/GSM 1800 dual band antennas. Antenna linesharing has been implemented by using Nokia triplexers which allow the use ofMHAs in the WCDMA branch.
Ant enna 1:
GSM 900 / 1800
Dual Band X- pol
Ant enna 2:
WCDMA X-pol
GSM 900 / GSM 1800 / WCDMA Triplexer- 1
WCDMA
MHA
WCDMA
MHA
WCDMA
BTS with Bias- Ts
GSM 900
BTS
GSM 1800
BTS
GSM 900 / GSM 1800 / WCDMA Triplexer- 2
3 sector site:
GSM 900/1800 antennas: 3 pcs
WCDMA antennas: 3 pcs
WCDMA MHAs: 6 pcs
Triplexers: 6 pcs
Feederlines: 6 pcs
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Management
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5 Management
Monitoring of the Nokia UltraSite Antenna System is effected by a VSWRmeasurement feature implemented in a Bias Tee (optional), and an alarm cable.
The status of each MHA unit is monitored by measuring its currentconsumption continuously by the corresponding BTS unit. The alarm states arerelayed from the BTS to the NMS. Additionally, these alarm states can bechecked locally at the BTS using a laptop computer.
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6 Main Components of Nokia UltraSiteAntenna System
This chapter identifies and describes all the elements comprising a NokiaUltraSite Antenna System.
6.1 Antennas
Macro cell antennas:
• For GSM900, GSM1800 , GSM1900 and WCDMA
• Vertical polarized panels
• Cross-polarized panels
• GSM900/1800 dual band, cross-polarized panels with and without diplexers
• WCDMA/GSM900, WCDMA/GSM1800 dual band, cross-polarizedpanels without diplexers
• Omni directional.
Panel antennas are available with different gains and scales. Some models areequipped with an electrical tilting option.
Dual band cross-polarized, cross-polarized, panel and omni directional antennakits always consist of the antenna and clamps. Some kits also include a tiltingunit.
6.2 Masthead Amplifiers
The Nokia UltraSite High Gain Masthead Amplifier system comprises thefollowing items:
• Amplifier including mounting bracket and clips.
• Bias Tee, with or without VSWR monitoring feature.
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• Power cable from BTS to Bias Tee.
• VSWR monitoring cable from BTS to Bias Tee (if VSWR monitoring isused).
• Jumper cable (between an antenna and the MHA).
The Nokia MHA uses a single antenna line feeder from the BTS. It is designedto deliver Rx gain (GSM version 33dB, WCDMA version 12 dB), a low Rxnoise figure, and a low Tx loss in a compact, low volume, lightweight sealedenclosure.
The MHA must be mounted close and connected to the BTS receiver (Rx)antenna. It provides amplification to the uplink signal from the mobile receivedby the BTS Rx antenna.
The signal is then passed to the BTS via the antenna line and Bias Tee (which isdirectly connected to the BTS antenna connector). The MHA, which uses aLow Noise Amplifier (LNA) with a low noise figure, reduces the overall noisecontribution of the antenna feeder losses, the net effect being an improvement inBTS receive sensitivity.
6.3 Feeders
The RF-feeder is a corrugated coaxial cable. It can be of different sizes, i.e. ½",7/8" and 1 5/8", depending on the length of the mast and the desired attenuation.
The RF-feeder is made of high quality copper conductors. The feeders areabrasion resistant and the sheath is made of high-density polyethylene.
The cable clamps are made of stainless steel and plastic and are easy and quickto install. Design of the clamps prevents over tightening of a feeder cable.
6.4 Antenna line components
The inner conductors of the 7/16 connectors are made of silver plated brass or aspecial grade of copper. All connectors are IP68-classified.
The grounding kit ensures that the Antenna line is DC grounded againstlightning.
A compact EMP protector protects the BTS against lightning and over voltagesignals that may pass down the antenna line.
The jumper cable is a flexible, low loss cable (1/2") which is used at the endsof the feeder. It protects the connectors from forces caused by the feeder cable.Jumpers are IP68 classified.
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6.5 Options
Diplexers are used in dual band solutions. External diplexer units are required ifthe antenna or BTS does not include an integrated diplexer. There are differentdiplexers for GSM 900/1800 and PDC/WCDMA applications.
Triplexers are used in GSM 900, GSM 1800 and WCDMA dual band and triband applications. Nokia triplexers have a DC pass function that allows the useof an MHA in one branch. (If more MHAs are required they have to beequipped with direct DC feed.).
Technical Specifications
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7 Technical Specifications
This chapter deals with the range of antennas and associated equipmentavailable for the Nokia UltraSite System.
7.1 Antennas
7.1.1 Antennas for GSM 900, 1800 and 1900 networks
The range of antennas and characteristics of each pertinent to the NokiaUltraSite Systems are given in the following table.
Table 1. Antenna types
GSM 900 Panel Antennas:
Panel antenna kit ; 900 MHz, 15.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage
Panel antenna kit ; 900 MHz, 17dBi gain, 65o coverage
Panel antenna kit ; 900 MHz, 18.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage
GSM 900 Omni Antennas:
Omni antenna: 900 MHz, 11 dBi gain, 360o coverage
GSM 900 cross-polarisation Antennas:
Panel antenna kit; 800/900 MHz, 9 dBi gain, 65o coverage
Panel antenna kit; 800/900 MHz, 15.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage
Panel antenna kit; 800/900 MHz, 17 dBi gain, 65o coverage
Panel antenna kit; 800/900 MHz, 17 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 6o Tilting
GSM Dual Band cross-polarisation Antennas without Diplexer, 4-inputPorts
Panel antenna kit; 900/1800 MHz, 12.5/13.5 dBi, 65o coverage, 4-port input
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Panel antenna kit; 900/1800 MHz, 15/17 dBi, 65o/60o coverage, 4-port input
Panel antenna kit; 900/1800 MHz, 17/18.5 dBi, 65o /60o coverage, 4-port input
GSM Dual Band cross-polarisation Antennas with Diplexer, 2-input Ports:
Panel antenna kit; 900/1800 MHz, 12.5/13 dBi, 65o coverage, 2-port input
Panel antenna kit; 900/1800 MHz, 15/16.5 dBi, 65o /60o coverage, 2-port input
Panel antenna kit; 900/1800 MHz, 17/18 dBi, 65o /60o coverage, 2-port input
GSM 1800 Panel Antennas:
Panel antenna kit; 1710-1900 MHz, 15.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage
Panel antenna kit; 1710-1900 MHz, 16.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 8o Tilting
Panel antenna kit; 1710-1900 MHz, 18 dBi, 65o coverage, 2o Tilting
GSM 1800 Omni Antennas:
Omni antenna, 1800 MHz, 11 dBi gain, 360o coverage
GSM 1800 cross-polarisation Antennas:
Panel antenna kit; 1710-1880 MHz, 15.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage
Panel antenna kit; 1710-1800 MHz, 18 dBi gain, 65o coverage
Panel antenna kit; 1710-1800 MHz, 15.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 6o Tilting
Panel antenna kit; 1710-1800 MHz, 18 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 2o Tilting
Panel antenna kit; 1710-1800 MHz, 18 dBi gain, 65o coverage, 6o Tilting
GSM 1900 Panel Antennas:
Panel antenna kit; 1850-1990 MHz, 18 dBi gain, 90o coverage
Panel antenna kit; 1850-1990 MHz, 18 dBi gain, 63o coverage
Panel antenna kit; 1710-1990 MHz, 22.5 dBi gain, 33o coverage
7.1.2 Antennas for WCDMA networks
The range of antennas and their characteristics are given in the following table.
Table 2. Antenna types
WCDMA Panel Antennas:
Panel antenna kit ; 2000 MHz, 17.5 dBi gain, 60o coverage
Panel antenna kit ; 2000 MHz, 14.5dBi gain, 120o coverage
WCDMA Omni Antennas:
Omni antenna: 2000 MHz, 11 dBi gain, 360o coverage
GSM WCDMA cross-polarisation Antennas:
Technical Specifications
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Panel antenna kit; 2000 MHz, 17.5 dBi gain, 45o coverage
Panel antenna kit; 2000 MHz, 15.5 dBi gain, 65o coverage
Panel antenna kit; 2000 MHz, 13.5 dBi gain, 90o coverage
WCDMA GSM Dual Band cross-polarisation Antennas, 4-input Ports
Panel antenna kit; 900/2000 MHz, 15/17 dBi, 65o / 60o coverage, 4-port input
Panel antenna kit; 900/2000 MHz, 15/17 dBi, 65o/45o coverage, 4-port input
Panel antenna kit; 1800/2000 MHz, 18 dBi, 65o /65o coverage, 4-port input
7.2 Masthead Amplifiers
7.2.1 MHAs for GSM networks
The Nokia UltraSite System MHA and Bias Tee range are listed in thefollowing table. Also itemised are the power and alarm cables:
Table 3. MHA and Bias Tee
MHA kits:
MHA kit; 900 MHz, 890-915 MHz band, A filter
MHA kit; 1800 MHz,1710-1755 MHz band, A filter
MHA kit; 1800 MHz, 1740-1785 MHz band, B filter
MHA kit; 1900 MHz, 1850-1870 MHz band, A filter
MHA kit; 1900 MHz, 1870-1890 MHz band, B filter
MHA kit; 1900 MHz, 1890-1910 MHz band, C filter
Bias Tee; 900/1800/1900, including power cable
Bias Tee; 900, VSWR, including power and alarm cables
Bias Tee; 1800/1900, VSWR, including power and alarm cables
Jumper cable for MHA, 1.5 m, m/m
Nokia UltraSite Antenna System
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Table 4. Specific technical data for Nokia UltraSite MHA 1800
Operating voltage +11 to +13.5 VDC
Maximum operating current 750 mA
Tx return loss 0.50 dB maximum
Noise figure at room temperature 1.60 dB maximum
Noise figure over operating range 1.90 dB maximum
Gain 33 dB + 1.5 dB
MTBF 325 000 hours minimum
Operating temperature range -40oC to +55oC
Size 387 x 210 x 81 mm
Weather protection IP65
7.2.2 MHA for WCDMA Networks
The Nokia UltraSite System MHA and Bias Tee range is described in thefollowing tables. Also itemised are the power and alarm cables:
Table 5. MHA and Bias Tee for WCDMA
MHA kit:
MHA kit; 2000 MHz, 1920-1980 MHz band,
Bias Tee; 2000, including power cable
Bias Tee; 2000, VSWR, including power and alarm cables
Jumper cable for MHA, 1.5 m, m/m
Table 6. Specific technical data for Nokia UltraSite MHA for WCDMA
Operating voltage 9.0 to 9.6 VDCD
Maximum operating current 230 mA
Insertion loss of Tx path 0.3 dB to 0.6 dB maximum
Gain path noise figure @ 12 dB gain 2.0 dB maximum
Gain 2-12dB + 1.5 in 1 dB steps
MTBF 325 000 hours minimum
Operating temperature range -40oC to +55oC
Size 387 x 210 x 81 mm
Technical Specifications
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Weather protection IP65
7.3 Feeders
Feeder cables and clamp sets for GSM and WCDMA networks are listed in thefollowing table:
Table 7. Feeders
Feeder cables:
Feeder cable RF ½” 50 ohm
Feeder cable RF 7/8” 50 ohm
Feeder cable RF 1 5/8” 50 ohm
Feeder clamps:
Clamp set, 2 x ½” angle 40 x 40 mm
Clamp set, 2 x 7/8” angle 40 x 40 mm
Clamp set, 1 x 1 5/8” angle 40 x 40 mm
7.4 Antenna line components
The following table identifies the range of antenna line components for bothGSM and WCDMA networks:
Table 8. Antenna line components
GSM antenna line kits: outdoor solution:
Antenna line kit ½” including connectors and grounding kit – no jumpers
Antenna line kit 7/8” including connectors, 1.5 m m/f and 3 m m/f jumpers;grounding kit
Antenna line kit 5/8” including connectors, 1.5 m m/f and 3 m m/f jumpers;grounding kit
EMPs:
EMP 900 ¼ wave 7-16 m/f
EMP 1800 ¼ wave 7-16 m/f
EMP 1900 ¼ wave 7-16 m/f
Nokia UltraSite Antenna System
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EMP 2000 ¼ wave 7-16 m/f
7.5 Options
Table 9. Optional items
GSM diplexer kits:
Dual band 900/1800 diplexer
Jumper cable for diplexers: lower jumper; 3 m, m/m
Jumper cable for diplexers: upper jumper,1.5 m, m/m
WCDMA/GSM triplexer kit:
Tri band 900/180/WCDMA triplexer
Jumper cable for diplexers: lower jumper; 3 m, m/m
Jumper cable for diplexers: upper jumper,1.5 m, m/m
WCDMA/PDC diplexer kit:
Dual band PDC/WCDMA diplexer
Jumper cable for diplexers: lower jumper; 3 m, m/m
Jumper cable for diplexers: upper jumper,1.5 m, m/m
Glossary
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Glossary
AC Alternating Current
Alarm Announcement given to the operating personnel about abnormal function of thesystem or about a failure, or an indication of the degradation of the service level orperformance
Alarm status The current status of the system; indicates what alarms are active, if any
BTS Base Transceiver Station; Base Station
DC Direct Current
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
EN European Norm
EMP Electro Magnetic Pulse
GSM Global System Mobile
LNA Low Noise Amplifier (part of MHA)
MHA Masthead Amplifier
NMS Network Management System
NTC Nokia Telecommunications Ltd
OMC Operations and Maintenance Centre
RAS Radio Access Systems
RF Radio Frequency
Rx Receiver
Site Specific installation location of a given BTS
Siteapplication
Complete telecom solution for the planned area, i.e. road side, rural, suburban orurban, where the capacity, coverage and expansion needs differ
SRC Smart Radio Concept
SW Software
TRX Transceiver unit, transmits and receives RF signals
Tx Transmitter
UL Underwriters Laboratories
UV Ultra Violet
VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
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