Tutorial: Introduction to Transient Analysis using DIgSILENT PowerFactory.
Post on 06-Aug-2015
516 Views
Preview:
Transcript
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 1/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, Dr.ScManchester, UK, September, 2009
Tutorial:Introduction to TransientAnalysis with PowerFactory
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 2/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
This tutorial is a simple introduction to transient simulationwith PowerFactory
Tutorial:Introduction to TransientAnalysis in PowerFactory
Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, Dr.Scfglogatt@fglongatt.org.ve
Manchester, September 2009
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 3/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
1. IntroductionIntroduction to Transient Phenomenon and
Modeling
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 4/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
1. Introduction• Power system stability may be broadly defined as that
property of a power system that enables it to remain in astate of operating equilibrium under normal operatingconditions ad to regain an acceptable state of equilibriumafter being subjected to a disturbance [1].
• The robustness of a system is defined by the ability ofthe system to maintain stable operation under normaland perturbed conditions [2].
[1] P. Kundur, Power System Stability and Control. New York: McGraw- Hill, 1994.[2] PowerFactory User’s Manual DIgSILENT PowerFactory Version 14.0. DIgSILENT GmbH, Gomaringen, Germany 2008
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 5/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
1. Introduction• Dynamic process in electrical power system can be
characterized by various areas of consideration and theircharacteristic time scales or frequency bands.
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 6/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
1. Introduction• In general way, the transients in electrical power
systems are classified according to three possibletimeframes:– Short-term, or electromagnetic transients;– Mid-term, or electromechanical transients;– Long-term transients.
Short Mid Long
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 7/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
1. IntroductionClassification of Power System Stability [1]
Power System Stability
Angle Stability Voltage Stability
Transient Stability
Mid-termStability
Long-termStability
Large Disturbance
Voltage Stability
Small-SignalStability
Non-oscillatoryInstability
OscillatoryInstability
Small-Disturbance
Voltage Stability
• Ability to remain in operating equilibrium • Equilibrium between opposing forces
• Ability to maintain synchronism • Torque balance of synchronous
machines
• Ability to maintain steady acceptable voltage
• Reactive power balance
[1] P. Kundur, Power System Stability and Control. New York: McGraw- Hill, 1994.RECOMMENDED READ: P. Kundur, J. Paserba, V. Ajjarapu, G. Andersson, A. Bose, C. Canizares, N. Hatziargyriou, D. Hill, A.M. Stanković, C. Taylor, T. Van Cutsem, V. Vittal, "Definition and classification of power system stability IEEE/CIGRE joint task force on stability terms and definitions", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 19 , No. 3 , pp.1387 - 1401, Aug. 2004
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 8/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
1. Introduction• PowerFactory allow the transient analysis in electrical
power systems according to three possible timeframes:– Short-term, or electromagnetic transients;– Mid-term, or electromechanical transients;– Long-term transients.
Long-termTransient
Short-termTransient
Mid-termTransient
Time
Electromagnetic transients
Electromechanicaltransients
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 9/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
1. Introduction• PowerFactory is capable to do simulations in these
three different time bands because its modeling andalgorithm of solutions.
Long-termTransient
Short-termTransient
Mid-termTransient
Electromagnetic transients
Electromechanicaltransients
≈ µ sec frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz, or with typical time constants between 10 s and 100 ms (50 Hz)
≈ hours to days
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 10/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
1. Introduction• PowerFactory can analyse the complete range of
transient phenomena in electrical power systems.• Three different simulation functions available:
1. Symmetrical steady-state (RMS) network model,2. Three-phase for steady-state (RMS) network
model,3. Electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation
function using a dynamic network model.
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 11/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
1.1. Balanced RMS Simulation • A basic function which uses a symmetrical steady-state
(RMS) network model for mid-term and long-termtransients under balanced network conditions;
Machine equations in d & q
components (Rotor flux diff. eqs. Inertia
swing eqs.
Efd
Pm
Inverse d, q, 0 transf.
d, q, 0 transf.
id
iq
Network Z, Y elements at rated
freq. (ω0) pos. seq.
ea1(jω0)
Phasor(pos. seq)
ψd = eq
ψq = ed
θ
ia1(jω0)
Phasor(pos. seq)
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 12/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
1.2. Three-Phase RMS Simulation • A three-phase function which uses a steady-state (RMS)
network model for mid-term and long-term transientsunder balanced and unbalanced network conditions, i.e.for analyzing dynamic behaviour after unsymmetricalfaults;
Machine equations in d & q
components (Rotor flux diff. eqs. Inertia
swing eqs.
Efd
Pm
Inverse d, q, 0 transf.
d, q, 0 transf.
id
iq
Network Z, Y elements at rated freq. (ω0) +Ve, -Ve
And 0 seq.
ea1(jω0)
Phasor(pos. seq)
ψd = eq
ψq = ed
θ
ia1(jω0)
Phasor(pos. seq)
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 13/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
1.3 Three-Phase EMT Simulation • An electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation function
using a dynamic network model for electromagnetic andelectromechanical transients under balanced andunbalanced network conditions.
• This function is particularly suited to the analysis ofshort-term transients.
va(t)
vc(t)vb(t)
Ra La
Rb Lb
Rc Lc
Ca
Cb Cc
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 14/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
2. Transient Simulation
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 15/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
2. Transient simulation• The process of performing a transient simulation typically
involves the following steps: Calculation of initial values
Definition of results variables
Definition of events
Definition of output graphs
Execution of simulation
Creating additional results graphs
Iterative calculations, settings
Printing resuts
Calculation of initial values, this include a load flow calculation and all state
variable calculation
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 16/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
3. Balanced RMS Simulation
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 17/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
3. Balanced RMS Simulation • The balanced RMS simulation function are based in the
following conditions:– Considers dynamics of electromechanical, control
and thermal devices.– It uses a symmetrical, steady-state representation
of the passive electrical network.– Only the fundamental components of voltages and
currents are taken into account.
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 18/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
3. Balanced RMS Simulations• PowerFactory allow the following studies:
• PowerFactory allow various events that can beincluded in the simulation.
• REMARK: the basic simulation function allows theinsertion of symmetrical faults only due to thesymmetrical network representation.
Transient stability
Mid-term stability
Oscilatory stability
Motor start-up
Studies
e.g. determination of critical fault clearing times
e.g. optimization of spinning reserve and load shedding
e.g. optimization of control device to improve system damping
e.g. determination of start-up times and voltage drops
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 19/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
4. Recommended Readings
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 20/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
4. Recommended readings• P. Kundur, J. Paserba, V. Ajjarapu, G. Andersson, A.
Bose, C. Canizares, N. Hatziargyriou, D. Hill, A.M.Stanković, C. Taylor, T. Van Cutsem, V. Vittal, "Definitionand classification of power system stability IEEE/CIGREjoint task force on stability terms and definitions", IEEETransactions on Power Systems, Vol. 19 , No. 3,pp.1387 – 1401.
• F.P. deMello, “Power System Dynamic Overview”Proceedings of the Symposium on Adequacy andPhilosophy of Modeling Dynamic System Performance,1975 IEEE Publication 75CH0970-4-PWR (808 kB)
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 21/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
4. Recommended readings• F.P. deMello. “Process Dynamics in Electric Utility
Systems”. ISA Paper 505-70, International ConferenceExhibit of ISA, October 26-29, 1970, Philadelphia, Pa.
Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, fglongatt@ieee.org .Copyright © 2009 22/21
All
right
s re
serv
ed. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be
repr
oduc
ed o
r dis
tribu
ted
in a
ny fo
rm w
ithou
t per
mis
sion
of t
he a
utho
r. C
opyr
ight
© 2
009.
http
:ww
w.fg
long
att.o
rg.v
e
Please visit:http://www.fglongatt.org.ve
Comments and suggestion are welcome:fglongatt@fglongatt.org.ve
top related